34 results for "Calvert, Jacob"
Showing 1–20 · 0.45 seconds · RSS
-
Journal Article Full text
A local–global principle for nonequilibrium steady states
The global steady state of a system in thermal equilibrium exponentially favors configurations with lesser energy. This principle is a powerful explanation of self-organization because energy is a local property of configurations. For nonequilibrium systems, there is no such property for which an…
-
Preprint Full text
On the principal eigenvectors of random Markov matrices
We analyze the invariant distributions of continuous-time and discrete-time random walks on randomly weighted complete digraphs. These distributions correspond to the principal left eigenvectors of the associated random Markov generators and kernels, viewed as random matrices. While much is known…
-
Journal Article Full text
Machine-Learning-Based Laboratory Developed Test for the Diagnosis of Sepsis in High-Risk Patients
Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection, is a major health burden in terms of both mortality and cost. The difficulties clinicians face in diagnosing sepsis, alongside the insufficiencies of diagnostic biomarkers, motivate the present study. This work develops a machine-learning-based…
-
Journal Article Full text
Machine learning early prediction of respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric hospitalized patients
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes millions of infections among children in the US each year and can cause severe disease or death. Infections that are not promptly detected can cause outbreaks that put other hospitalized patients at risk. No tools besides diagnostic testing are available to…
-
Journal Article Full text
G-quadruplex formation in double strand DNA probed by NMM and CV fluorescence
G-quadruplexes (GQs) are alternative DNA secondary structures that can form throughout the human genome and control the replication and transcription of important regulatory genes. Here, we established an ensemble fluorescence assay by employing two GQ-interacting compounds, N-methyl mesoporphyrin…
-
Journal Article Full text
Discharge recommendation based on a novel technique of homeostatic analysis
Objective: We propose a computational framework for integrating diverse patient measurements into an aggregate health score and applying it to patient stability prediction. Materials and Methods: We mapped retrospective patient data from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care…
-
Journal Article Full text
Prediction of early unplanned intensive care unit readmission in a UK tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional machine learning approach
OBJECTIVES: Unplanned readmissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) are highly undesirable, increasing variance in care, making resource planning difficult and potentially increasing length of stay and mortality in some settings. Identifying patients who are likely to suffer unplanned ICU…
-
Journal Article Full text
Predicting pulmonary embolism among hospitalized patients with machine learning algorithms
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolisms (PE) are life‐threatening medical events, and early identification of patients experiencing a PE is essential to optimizing patient outcomes. Current tools for risk stratification of PE patients are limited and unable to predict PE events before their occurrence…
-
Journal Article Full text
Evaluation of a machine learning algorithm for up to 48-hour advance prediction of sepsis using six vital signs
OBJECTIVE: Sepsis remains a costly and prevalent syndrome in hospitals; however, machine learning systems can increase timely sepsis detection using electronic health records. This study validates a gradient boosted ensemble machine learning tool for sepsis detection and prediction, and compares…
-
Journal Article Full text
Quantitative analysis and prediction of G-quadruplex forming sequences in double-stranded DNA
G-quadruplex (GQ) is a four-stranded DNA structure that can be formed in guanine-rich sequences. GQ structures have been proposed to regulate diverse biological processes including transcription, replication, translation and telomere maintenance. Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of GQ…
-
Journal Article Full text
Using electronic health record collected clinical variables to predict medical intensive care unit mortality
BACKGROUND: Clinical decision support systems are used to help predict patient stability and mortality in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Accurate patient information can assist clinicians with patient management and in allocating finite resources. However, systems currently in common use have…
-
Journal Article Full text
Pediatric Severe Sepsis Prediction Using Machine Learning
Background: Early detection of pediatric severe sepsis is necessary in order to optimize effective treatment, and new methods are needed to facilitate this early detection. Objective: Can a machine-learning based prediction algorithm using electronic healthcare record (EHR) data predict severe…
-
Journal Article Full text
Machine learning to predict progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis or fibrosis
BACKGROUND: Non‐alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) can progress to the severe subtype non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and/or fibrosis, which are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Current machine learning studies detect NASH; however, this study is unique in…
-
Journal Article Full text
Application of deep learning to identify COVID-19 infection in posteroanterior chest X-rays
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to assess seven configurations of six convolutional deep neural network architectures for classification of chest X-rays (CXRs) as COVID-19 positive or negative. METHODS: The primary dataset consisted of 294 COVID-19 positive and 294 COVID-19 negative…
-
Journal Article Full text
Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury With a Machine Learning Algorithm Using Electronic Health Record Data
BACKGROUND: A major problem in treating acute kidney injury (AKI) is that clinical criteria for recognition are markers of established kidney damage or impaired function; treatment before such damage manifests is desirable. Clinicians could intervene during what may be a crucial stage for…
-
Journal Article Full text
High-performance detection and early prediction of septic shock for alcohol-use disorder patients
BACKGROUND: The presence of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) complicates the medical conditions of patients and increases the difficulty of detecting and predicting the onset of septic shock for patients in the ICU. METHODS: We have developed a high-performance sepsis prediction algorithm, InSight, which…
-
Journal Article Full text
Personalized stratification of hospitalization risk amidst COVID-19: A machine learning approach
Objective: In the wake of COVID-19, the United States (U.S.) developed a three stage plan to outline the parameters to determine when states may reopen businesses and ease travel restrictions. The guidelines also identify subpopulations of Americans deemed to be at high risk for severe disease…
-
Journal Article Full text
A Machine Learning Approach to Predict Deep Venous Thrombosis Among Hospitalized Patients
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Standard scoring systems for DVT risk stratification often provide insufficient stratification of hospitalized patients and are unable to accurately predict which inpatients are most…
-
Journal Article Full text
Predicting ventilator-associated pneumonia with machine learning
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common and fatal nosocomial infection in intensive care units (ICUs). Existing methods for identifying VAP display low accuracy, and their use may delay antimicrobial therapy. VAP diagnostics derived from machine learning (ML) methods that utilize…
-
Journal Article Full text
Prediction of short-term mortality in acute heart failure patients using minimal electronic health record data
BACKGROUND: Acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Effective patient risk stratification is essential to guiding hospitalization decisions and the clinical management of AHF. Clinical decision support systems can be used to improve predictions of mortality…