15 results for "Graham Farrell"
Showing 1–15 · 0.92 seconds · RSS
-
Journal Article
Did cybercrime cause the crime drop?
Abstract Recent studies have hypothesised that the international crime drop was the result of the rise in cybercrime. We subject this ‘cybercrime hypothesis’ to critical assessment. We find significant evidence and argument indicating that cybercrime could not have caused the crime drop, and so we…
-
Journal Article
Further rejection of the cybercrime hypothesis
Abstract We recently rejected the hypothesis that increases in cybercrime may have caused the international crime drop. Critics subsequently argued that offenders switched from physical crime to cybercrime in recent years, and that lifestyle changes due to ‘leisure IT’ may have caused the…
-
Journal Article
Age-period-cohort effects in half a century of motor vehicle theft in the United States
Abstract Adopting and refining O’Brien’s S-constraint approach, we estimate age-period-cohort effects for motor vehicle theft offences in the United States for over half a century from 1960. Taking the well-established late-teen peak offending age as given, we find period effects reducing theft in…
-
Journal Article
Crime opportunity theory: the state of the art
Abstract The 1976 monograph Crime as Opportunity initiated a paradigm for how crime and criminality should be understood and controlled. Here we define a crime opportunity as any situation in which the benefits of committing crime outweigh the costs, and group crime opportunity-related theories and…
-
Journal Article
A schedule for phasing-out knife crime
Abstract Knife crime has become a prominent and seemingly intractable problem in England & Wales. Theory and evidence indicate that reducing crime opportunities is an effective means of crime control, including restrictions on lethal weapons. While public debate has centred on zombie and other…
-
Journal Article
Signature dish: Triangulation from data signatures to examine the role of security in falling crime
This article describes realist evaluation research combining data signatures and theories of causal mechanism as a means of shedding light on why crime has declined in recent years. A data signature is an empirical indicator of how or why something has occurred. The use of multiple signatures – a…
-
Journal Article
Anti-social behaviour in the coronavirus pandemic
Abstract Anti-social behaviour recorded by police more than doubled early in the coronavirus pandemic in England and Wales. This was a stark contrast to the steep falls in most types of recorded crime. Why was ASB so different? Was it changes in ‘traditional’ ASB such as noisy neighbours, or was it…
-
Journal Article
Six months in: pandemic crime trends in England and Wales
Abstract Governments around the world have enforced strict guidelines on social interaction and mobility to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Evidence has begun to emerge which suggests that such dramatic changes in people’s routine activities have yielded similarly dramatic changes in…
-
Journal Article
Homicide in Canada and the crime drop
Abstract In contrast to the Canadian crime drop of the 1990s, homicide appeared as an anomaly with a peak in the 1970s. Yet previous studies tend to refer only to completed homicides, and here we also include attempts. The resulting trend is remarkably similar to that in Canadian property crime for…
-
Journal Article
Illegal waste fly-tipping in the Covid-19 pandemic: enhanced compliance, temporal displacement, and urban–rural variation
Abstract Objective Illegal dumping of household and business waste, known as fly-tipping in the UK, is a significant environmental crime. News agencies reported major increases early in the COVID-19 pandemic when waste disposal services were closed or disrupted. This study examines the effect of…
-
Journal Article
Domestic abuse in the Covid-19 pandemic: measures designed to overcome common limitations of trend measurement
Abstract Research on pandemic domestic abuse trends has produced inconsistent findings reflecting differences in definitions, data and method. This study analyses 43,488 domestic abuse crimes recorded by a UK police force. Metrics and analytic approaches are tailored to address key methodological…
-
Journal Article
The association between mobility and crime in England and Wales
Abstract Purpose This study provides the first national-level longitudinal analysis directly linking mobility data to police-recorded crime across local authorities in England and Wales, while controlling for stable structural differences between places. Its purpose is to examine how changes in…
-
Journal Article
The East Asian crime drop?
Abstract The ‘crime drop’ refers to the substantial reductions in crime reported in many industrialised countries over at least the past quarter century. Asian countries are underrepresented in the crime drop literature. Little is therefore known about whether the same type and levels of crime…
-
Journal Article
Crime and coronavirus: social distancing, lockdown, and the mobility elasticity of crime
Abstract Governments around the world restricted movement of people, using social distancing and lockdowns, to help stem the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. We examine crime effects for one UK police force area in comparison to 5-year averages. There is variation in the onset of change by…
-
Journal Article
Post-pandemic crime trends in England and Wales
Abstract This study of recorded crime trends in England & Wales spans three and a half years, that is, two covid pandemic years from March 2020 and 18 ‘post-pandemic’ months following cessation of covid restrictions. Observed crime rates were compared to expected (based on 5-year ARIMA models) and…