24 results for "Stringer Dominic"
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The analysis and reporting of multiple outcomes in mental health trials: a methodological systematic review
BACKGROUND: The choice of a single primary outcome in randomised trials can be difficult, especially in mental health where interventions may be complex and target several outcomes simultaneously. We carried out a systematic review to assess the quality of the analysis and reporting of multiple…
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Reviewing methodological approaches to dose-response modelling in complex interventions: insights and perspectives
BACKGROUND: Understanding dose-response relationships is crucial in optimizing clinical outcomes, particularly in complex interventions such as psychotherapy. While dose-response research is common in pharmaceutical contexts, its application in complex interventions remains underexplored. This…
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Clinical-learning versus machine-learning for transdiagnostic prediction of psychosis onset in individuals at-risk
Predicting the onset of psychosis in individuals at-risk is based on robust prognostic model building methods including a priori clinical knowledge (also termed clinical-learning) to preselect predictors or machine-learning methods to select predictors automatically. To date, there is no empirical…
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Trajectories of emotional and behavioral problems from childhood to early adult life
Little is known about their stability and the factors that influence their persistence or change over the life-course. To address this, we use data from 158 participants from the Special Needs and Autism Project cohort studied at three time-points from 12 to 23 years. We used latent growth models…
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Nurse-led psychological intervention for type 2 diabetes: a cluster randomised controlled trial (Diabetes-6 study) in primary care
BACKGROUND: Suboptimal glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is common and associated with psychological barriers. AIM: To investigate whether it was possible to train practice nurses in six psychological skills (Diabetes-6 [D6]) based on motivational interviewing (MI) and basic cognitive…
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The efficacy of real versus sham external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (eTNS) in youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) over 4 weeks: a protocol for a multi-centre, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, phase IIb study (ATTENS)
BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), if severe, is usually treated with stimulant or non-stimulant medication. However, users prefer non-drug treatments due to side effects. Alternative non-medication treatments have so far only shown modest effects. External trigeminal…
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O5.2. PREDICTORS OF CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN THE YEAR AFTER ONSET OF PSYCHOSIS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
BACKGROUND: The first episode of psychosis (FEP) is a critical time to prevent the onset of weight gain, cardiovascular and metabolic disease. However, little is known about the influence of patient characteristics and lifestyle on these outcomes METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study…
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A brief early intervention for adolescent depression that targets emotional mental images and memories: protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (IMAGINE trial)
BACKGROUND: Adolescent depression is common and impairing. There is an urgent need to develop early interventions to prevent depression becoming entrenched. However, current psychological interventions are difficult to access and show limited evidence of effectiveness. Schools offer a promising…
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The role of C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker in COVID-19
BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific acute phase reactant elevated in infection or inflammation. Higher levels indicate more severe infection and have been used as an indicator of COVID-19 disease severity. However, the evidence for CRP as a prognostic marker is yet to be…
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A novel group parenting intervention to reduce emotional and behavioural difficulties in young autistic children: protocol for the Autism Spectrum Treatment and Resilience pilot randomised controlled trial
INTRODUCTION: The majority of young autistic children display impairing emotional and behavioural difficulties that contribute to family stress. There is some evidence that behavioural parenting interventions are effective for reducing behavioural difficulties in autistic children, with less…
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Effect of Optimized Immunosuppression (Including Rituximab) on Anti-Donor Alloresponses in Patients With Chronically Rejecting Renal Allografts
RituxiCAN-C4 combined an open-labeled randomized controlled trial (RCT) in 7 UK centers to assess whether rituximab could stabilize kidney function in patients with chronic rejection, with an exploratory analysis of how B cell-depletion influenced T cell anti-donor responses relative to outcome…
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External trigeminal nerve stimulation in youth with ADHD: a randomized, sham-controlled, phase 2b trial
External trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) received US Food and Drug Administration clearance in 2019 as the first device-based, non-pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), based on a small pilot sham-controlled randomized controlled trial (RCT) that reported…
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A network approach exploring the effects of cognitive remediation on cognition, symptoms, and functioning in early psychosis
BACKGROUND: Although cognitive remediation (CR) improves cognition and functioning, the key features that promote or inhibit its effectiveness, especially between cognitive domains, remain unknown. Discovering these key features will help to develop CR for more impact. AIM: To identify…
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The CIRCuiTS study (Implementation of cognitive remediation in early intervention services): protocol for a randomised controlled trial
BACKGROUND: Cognitive problems in people with schizophrenia predict poor functional recovery even with the best possible rehabilitation opportunities and optimal medication. A psychological treatment known as cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) aims to improve cognition in neuropsychiatric…
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Understanding the Mechanisms of Cognitive Remediation on Recovery in People With Early Psychosis: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis
BACKGROUND: To provide precision cognitive remediation therapy (CR) for schizophrenia, we need to understand whether the mechanism for improved functioning is via cognition improvements. This mechanism has not been rigorously tested for potential moderator effects. STUDY DESIGN: We used data (n =…
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Preventing kidney transplant failure by screening for antibodies against human leucocyte antigens followed by optimised immunosuppression: OuTSMART RCT
Design Investigator-led, prospective, open-labelled marker-based strategy (hybrid) randomised trial. Background Allografts in 3% of kidney transplant patients fail annually. Development of antibodies against human leucocyte antigens is a validated predictive biomarker of allograft failure. Under…
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Effect of lifestyle, medication and ethnicity on cardiometabolic risk in the year following the first episode of psychosis: prospective cohort study
BACKGROUND: The first episode of psychosis is a critical period in the emergence of cardiometabolic risk. AIMS: We set out to explore the influence of individual and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic outcomes in early psychosis. METHOD: This was a prospective cohort study of 293 UK adults…
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Cognitive Remediation Works But How Should We Provide It? An Adaptive Randomized Controlled Trial of Delivery Methods Using a Patient Nominated Recovery Outcome in First-Episode Participants
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Cognitive remediation (CR) benefits cognition and functioning in psychosis but we do not know the optimal level of therapist contact, so we evaluated the potential benefits of different CR modes. STUDY DESIGN: A multi-arm, multi-center, single-blinded, adaptive trial of…
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Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Outcomes in People With Early Psychosis
IMPORTANCE: People with psychotic disorders have an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency, which is evident during first-episode psychosis (FEP) and associated with unfavorable mental and physical health outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether vitamin D supplementation contributes to improved…
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Satisfaction with cognitive remediation therapy: its effects on implementation and outcomes using the cognitive remediation satisfaction scale
Cognitive Remediation (CR) improves cognition and functioning but is implemented in a variety of ways (independent, group and one-to-one). There is no information on whether service users find these implementation methods acceptable or if their satisfaction influences CR outcomes. We used mixed…