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Inertial effects on flow dynamics near a moving contact line
This study investigates the role of inertia in moving contact lines using experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations. Experiments are conducted using a plate immersion configuration over a wide range of Reynolds numbers from $O(10^{-3})$ to $O(10)$. Flow configurations and…
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Explaining CLIP Zero-shot Predictions Through Concepts
Large-scale vision-language models such as CLIP have achieved remarkable success in zero-shot image recognition, yet their predictions remain largely opaque to human understanding. In contrast, Concept Bottleneck Models provide interpretable intermediate representations by reasoning through…
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Limit Laws for the Distance to Fréchet Means of Random Graphs
This paper investigates the Fréchet mean of the Erdős-Rényi random graph $G_{n,p}$ with respect to the Frobenius distance on graph Laplacians, a metric that captures global structural information beyond local edge flips. We first characterize the Fréchet mean set as consisting of quasi-regular…
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\textit{Versteasch du mi?} Computational and Socio-Linguistic Perspectives on GenAI, LLMs, and Non-Standard Language
The design of Large Language Models and generative artificial intelligence has been shown to be "unfair" to less-spoken languages and to deepen the digital language divide. Critical sociolinguistic work has also argued that these technologies are not only made possible by prior socio-historical…
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Staged Laser Wakefield Acceleration for Saturated Lasing of Bandwidth-Tunable Free-Electron Lasers from EUV to X-ray
Free-electron lasers (FELs) provide a revolutionary tool for capturing the structure and dynamics of matter in real time at the atomic scale. The size and cost of FELs can be substantially reduced by using laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), which offers acceleration gradients orders of magnitude…
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Ribbon categories from ind-exact algebras: simple current case
We give criteria for when finitely generated local modules over a commutative algebra $A$ in the ind-completion $\widehat{\mathcal{C}}$ of a braided tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ inherit the structure of a (rigid, braided, ribbon) tensor category. We then apply this to simple current algebras $A =…
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Off-diagonal Rado number for $x+y+c=z$ and $x+y+k=z$
The study of Ramsey-type problems for linear equations originated with Schur's theorem and was later placed in a systematic framework by Richard Rado. In the off-diagonal setting, one fixes a pair of distinct linear equations $(\mathcal{E}_1, \mathcal{E}_2)$ and asks for the least integer $N$ such…
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An Optimal Battery-Free Approach for Emission Reduction by Storing Solar Surplus in Building Thermal Mass
Decarbonization in buildings calls for advanced control strategies that coordinate on-site renewables, grid electricity, and thermal demand. Literature approaches typically rely on demand side management strategies or on active energy storage, like batteries. However, the first solution often…
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Efficient modeling of chemotherapy regimens using mixed-integer linear programming
In this article, we focus on determining a minimum-cost treatment program aimed at maintaining the size of a cancerous tumor at a level that allows the patient to live comfortably. At each predetermined point in a treatment horizon, the patient either receives drug treatment or does not. In the…
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Variational Neurons in Transformers for Language Modeling
Transformers for language modeling usually rely on deterministic internal computation, with uncertainty expressed mainly at the output layer. We introduce variational neurons into Transformer feed-forward computation so that uncertainty becomes part of the internal computation itself. Concretely…
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Bundle EXTRA for Decentralized Optimization
Decentralized primal-dual methods are widely used for solving decentralized optimization problems, but their updates often rely on the potentially crude first-order Taylor approximations of the objective functions, which can limit convergence speed. To overcome this, we replace the first-order…
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Numerical methods for stellarator simulations in BOUT++
Modeling the Scape-off layer (SOL) of stellarator fusion devices is challenging due to the complicated magnetic topology, requiring numerical tools to solve transport equations for realistic geometries. Previously the flux coordinate independent (FCI) method has been successfully applied to model…
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Statistical Models of Ember Wash and Their Impact on Wildfire Area Growth
Wildfire spread is strongly influenced by the transport and ignition of embers. While long-range spotting driven by plume lofting has received significant attention, embers transported near the surface by turbulent winds can also influence fire propagation. We develop a stochastic model for…
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Hypercontractivity of Poisson Semigroups with Orthogonal Polynomial Eigenfunctions
For any $1 < p < q < \infty$, we investigate fixed-time hypercontractive bounds from $L^p$ to $L^q$ of Poisson semigroups associated with the Ornstein--Uhlenbeck, Laguerre and Jacobi operators. We prove that, in the Ornstein--Uhlenbeck and Laguerre cases, the Poisson semigroups fail to be $L^p \to…
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Ghost-FWL: A Large-Scale Full-Waveform LiDAR Dataset for Ghost Detection and Removal
LiDAR has become an essential sensing modality in autonomous driving, robotics, and smart-city applications. However, ghost points (or ghosts), which are false reflections caused by multi-path laser returns from glass and reflective surfaces, severely degrade 3D mapping and localization accuracy…
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The Gundy-Stein decomposition with explicit constants
Let $(\mathcal F_n)_{n\ge 1}$ be a filtration and let $f\ge0$ belong to $L^1(\mathcal F_\infty)$. For the martingale $f_n=\mathbb E[f\mid \mathcal F_n]$ and each $λ>0$ we prove a Gundy--Stein decomposition \[ f=g+h+k \] with explicit numerical constants. In the positive closed case the three parts…
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Two random constructions inside lacunary sets
We study the relationship between the growth rate of an integer sequence and harmonic and functional properties of the corresponding sequence of characters. In particular we show that every polynomial sequence contains a set that is Lamba(p) for all p but is not a Rosenthal set. This holds also for…
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Stationary boundaries on the space of amenable subgroups and C*-simplicity
We give a sufficient condition for a countable group $G$ to possess a probability measure $μ$ that admits a non-trivial $μ$-boundary modeled in the space $\mathrm{Sub}_{\mathrm{am}}(G)$ of amenable subgroups of $G$. In particular, for such $μ$ the space $\mathrm{Sub}_{\mathrm{am}}(G)$ is not…
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On the (Fourier analytic) Sidon constant of {0,1,2,3}
This constant is the maximum of the sum $|c_0|+|c_1|+|c_2|+|c_3|$ of the moduli of the coefficients of a trigonometric polynomial $c_0+c_1e^{it}+c_2e^{2it}+c_3e^{3it}$ bounded by 1. Its value is still unknown, but I will present some ideas on how to compute it and describe a distinguished torus of…
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Acoustic Black Hole Damper for Thermoacoustic Instability Control in a Hydrogen Combustor
Thermoacoustic instabilities remain a major challenge in the operation and development of modern gas turbine combustors for power generation and propulsion. In laboratory environments, such instabilities can also hinder the accurate characterization of key thermoacoustic properties of the flames…
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