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Artikel Jurnal
The Role of Matric Potential, Solid Interfacial Chemistry, and Wettability on Isotopic Equilibrium Fractionation
Soil water stable isotopes are widely used for geo- and ecohydrological applications. However, the signature of the soil water isotopic composition in the environment depends on various factors. While recent work has shown matric potential effects on equilibrium fractionation, little work has…
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Artikel Jurnal
Accuracy of Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity Estimated from Numerically Simulated Single-Ring Infiltrations
The single-ring pressure infiltrometer (PI) method is widely used to determine saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, , directly in the field. The original and still most common way to analyze the data makes use of the steady-state model developed by the Canadian School in the 90s and two…
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Artikel Jurnal
Effect of Macroporosity on Pedotransfer Function Estimates at the Field Scale
Saturated hydraulic conductivity () is one of the crucial hydraulic properties for assessing water and solute transport in soils. However, direct measurement of is time consuming and arduous. Alternatively, pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been developed to estimate indirectly through more easily…
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Artikel Jurnal
Reactive Transport of Manure-Derived Nitrogen in the Vadose Zone: Consideration of Macropore Connectivity to Subsurface Receptors
Macropores can be important conduits for surface-derived nutrients to reach subsurface receptors. Accordingly, nutrient reactive transport processes in macroporous soils need to be well understood. In this study, steady-state two-dimensional reactive transport simulations with MIN3P-THCm (version…
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Artikel Jurnal
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy Application for Brackish Water Irrigation Impact on Soil
We investigated soil response to irrigation with slightly brackish water (1200 mg L total dissolved solids on average) in a semiarid environment at the microscopic scale using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) applied in static and dynamic modes, which allowed comparison between…
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Artikel Jurnal
A Dual-Permeability Approach for Modeling Soil Water Flow and Heat Transport during Freezing and Thawing
Preferential flow may become significant in partially frozen soils because infiltration can occur through large, initially air-filled pores surrounded by a soil matrix with limited infiltration capacity. The objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate a dual-permeability approach for…
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Artikel Jurnal
UZIG Research: Measurement and Characterization of Unsaturated Zone Processes under Wide-Ranging Climates and Changing Conditions
Unsaturated zone properties and processes are central to understanding the interacting effects of land-use change, contamination, and hydroclimate on our ability to grow food, sustain clean water supplies, and minimize loss of life and property. Advances in unsaturated zone science are being…
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Artikel Jurnal
Simulating Surface and Subsurface Water Balance Changes Due to Burn Severity
Forest fires have a significant impact on hydrology, such as reduced infiltration rates leading to increased flooding. However, post-fire water balance changes and the competing hydrologic response of increased runoff and evapotranspiration as a function of burn severity are not well understood…
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Artikel Jurnal
Rainfall Intensification Enhances Deep Percolation and Soil Water Content in Tilled and No-Till Cropping Systems of the US Midwest
Globally, the proportion of total rainfall occurring as extreme events is increasing, which may have consequences for agriculture. In the US Midwest, we conducted a 234-d manipulative experiment in 16 paired plots where we increased the proportion of rain falling in extreme events on tilled and…
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Artikel Jurnal
Monitoring Saturation Changes with Ambient Seismic Noise and Gravimetry in a Karst Environment
On a heterogeneous karstic site in the Larzac plateau (France), we performed cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise recorded at two broadband seismometers to obtain daily seismic velocity changes. Rayleigh velocity changes at the 6- to 8-Hz frequency band show variations of ±0.2% over 1 yr…
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Artikel Jurnal
The Effect of Lithology and Agriculture at the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory
The footprint of the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory was expanded in 2013 from the forested Shale Hills subcatchment (0.08 km) to most of Shavers Creek watershed (163 km) in an effort to understand the interactions among water, energy, gas, solute, and sediment. The main stem of…
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Artikel Jurnal
Evaporation Study for Real Soils Based on HYPROP Hydraulic Functions and Micro-CT-Measured Pore-Size Distribution
Evaporation—a key process for water exchange between soil and atmosphere—is controlled by convective and diffusive surface fluxes that determine the functional time dependence of the evaporation rate (). Recent studies demonstrated that only a pore-scale surface flux model can capture the correct…
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Artikel Jurnal
Interdisciplinary Geo-ecological Research across Time Scales in the Northeast German Lowland Observatory (TERENO-NE)
The Northeast German Lowland Observatory (TERENO-NE) was established to investigate the regional impact of climate and land use change. TERENO-NE focuses on the Northeast German lowlands, for which a high vulnerability has been determined due to increasing temperatures and decreasing amounts of…
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Artikel Jurnal
Vadose Zone Gas Migration and Surface Effluxes after a Controlled Natural Gas Release into an Unconfined Shallow Aquifer
Shale gas development has led to concerns regarding fugitive CH migration in the subsurface and emissions to the atmosphere. However, few studies have characterized CH migration mechanisms and fate related to fugitive gas releases from oil or gas wells. This paper presents results from vadose zone…
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Artikel Jurnal
Water Movement and Finger Flow Characterization in Homogeneous Water-Repellent Soils
Soil water repellency (SWR) is a widespread property in soils around the world. It influences soil water movement and causes unstable flow. The mechanics of finger flow occurrence in water-repellent soils are not clearly understood. Slab chamber infiltration experiments consisting of increasing SWR…
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Artikel Jurnal
Toward Better Understanding of Terrestrial Processes through Long-Term Hydrological Observatories
Observation of hydrological processes has a long-standing tradition covering various climatic, hydrologic, geologic, and geomorphologic conditions. Hydrological observations are either organized in dedicated observatories focused on hydrology or within larger environmental observatories that…
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Artikel Jurnal
Developing a Conceptual Framework of Landscape and Hydrology on Tallgrass Prairie:A Critical Zone Approach
Agricultural intensification and urbanization have greatly reduced the extent of tallgrass prairie across North America. To evaluate the impact of these changes, a reference ecosystem of unperturbed prairie is required. The Konza Prairie Biological Station in northeastern Kansas is a long-term…
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Artikel Jurnal
Surface Effects on Water Storage under Dryland Summer Fallow: A Lysimeter Study
Small changes in short- and long-term soil water storage can affect crop productivity in semiarid climates. To optimize tillage and residue management on silt loam soils, we compared evaporation from a range of soil surface conditions in a climate with dry summers. Sixty low-cost, low-maintenance…
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Artikel Jurnal
Evaluating Commercial Moisture Probes in Reference Solutions Covering Mineral to Peat Soil Conditions
Capacitance and time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes are frequently used for measurements of the volumetric soil water content. The measurement concept is based on the correlation between volumetric water content and dielectric permittivity (ε). While considerable effort has been made to…
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Artikel Jurnal
Snowmelt Infiltration and Macropore Flow in Frozen Soils: Overview, Knowledge Gaps, and a Conceptual Framework
Macropore flow in frozen soils plays a critical role in partitioning snowmelt at the land surface and modulating snowmelt-driven hydrological processes. Previous descriptions of macropore flow processes in frozen soil do not explicitly represent the physics of water and heat transfer between…