790 results

Hydrophysical Database for Brazilian Soils (HYBRAS) and Pedotransfer Functions for Water Retention

Marta Vasconcelos Ottoni; Theophilo Benedicto Ottoni Filho; Marcel G. Schaap et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Soil water retention data are fundamental in soil modeling studies. Temperate pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been commonly used to estimate water retention of Brazilian soils, mainly because of the lack of soil data for Brazil. However, these PTFs may not be suitable for tropical or subtropical…

Strength and Permeability of Cultivated Histosols Characterized by Differing Degrees of Decomposition

Jacynthe Dessureault-Rompré; Laura Thériault; Cédrick-Victoir Guedessou et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Cultivated organic soils (Histosols) are an important part of the agricultural economy in Canada. However, problems of degradation and compaction affect this particular type of soil. The objective of this study was to characterize the soil penetration resistance and the saturated hydraulic…

A Robust Calibration Method for Continental-Scale Soil Water Content Measurements

Joshua A. Roberti; Edward Ayres; Henry W. Loescher et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Technological advances have allowed in situ monitoring of soil water content in an automated manner. These advances, along with an increase in large-scale networks monitoring soil water content, stress the need for a robust calibration framework that ensures that soil water content measurements are…

Pore-Scale Distribution of Mucilage Affecting Water Repellency in the Rhizosphere

P. Benard; M. Zarebanadkouki; C. Hedwig et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The physical properties of the rhizosphere are strongly influenced by root-exuded mucilage, and there is increasing evidence that mucilage affects the wettability of soils on drying. We introduce a conceptual model of mucilage deposition during soil drying and its impact on soil wettability. We…

AgrHyS: An Observatory of Response Times in Agro-Hydro Systems

Ophélie Fovet; Laurent Ruiz; Gérard Gruau et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The AgrHyS is a long-term agro-hydrological observatory dedicated to studying the processes controlling hydro-chemical fluxes in headwater catchments in response to the effects of agricultural. AgrHyS is composed of instrumented catchments located in western France in a temperate oceanic climate…

Manipulation of Soil Texture to Remove Salts from a Drip-Irrigated Root Zone

Arbel Berezniak; Alon Ben-Gal; Yael Mishael et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Drip irrigation is a useful method for the application of low-quality water because it does not wet the foliage and limits the spread of contaminants. Nevertheless, when using water containing high levels of dissolved salts, drip irrigation may be insufficient for leaching and can lead to soil…

Testing the Fill-and-Spill Model of Subsurface Lateral Flow Using Ground-Penetrating Radar and Dye Tracing

Jonathan E. Nyquist; Laura Toran; Lacey Pitman et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Preferential flow (PF), which bypasses large portions of the soil or subsurface matrix, is critical in the transport of water and dissolved constituents in the unsaturated zone. To test the “fill-and-spill” model of hillslope hydrology that describes the generation and pattern of downslope lateral…

Joint Editorial: Invigorating Hydrological Research through Journal Publications

Nevil Quinn; Günter Blöschl; András Bárdossy et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Editors of several journals in the field of hydrology met during the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union (EGU) in Vienna in April 2017. This event was a follow-up of similar meetings held in 2013 and 2015. These meetings enable the group of editors to review the current status of the…

Water Stress in Maize Production in the Drylands of the Loess Plateau

Wei Zhu; Huijie Li; Hongchao Qu et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Water stress during two maize ( L.) growing seasons (2013 and 2014) was investigated in a semiarid region of northwest China. The HYDRUS-1D model gave good simulation of the soil water content in different layers throughout a 0- to 200-cm depth during the maize growing season, with values of 70.6…

Short-Term Dynamics of Soil Physical Properties as Affected by Compaction and Tillage in a Silt Loam Soil

Wei Hu; Frank Tabley; Mike Beare et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

This study investigated short-term dynamics of soil physical properties as affected by tillage and compaction in a silt loam soil. After establishment of an autumn-sown forage oat ( L.) crop with either NT or intensive tillage (IT), five degrees of livestock compaction (0–261 kPa) were applied in…

Anomalous Attachment Behavior of Nanoparticles inside Narrow Channels

Chongyang Shen; Yan Jin; Baoguo Li et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Understanding nanoparticle (NP) attachment inside narrow passages such as the pore throats of porous media and plant and animal tissues is critically important to assess the potential ecological and toxicological impact of NPs. This study investigated the attachment of a NP inside a cylindrical…

Modeling Subsurface Fate of S-Metolachlor and Metolachlor Ethane Sulfonic Acid in the Westliches Leibnitzer Feld Aquifer

Hans Kupfersberger; Gernot Klammler; Andrea Schumann et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Pesticides and their metabolites have been increasingly detected in groundwater bodies in southeastern Austria in recent years. The main objective of this study was to model the fate of the herbicide -metolachlor (2-chloro--(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)--[(1)-2-methoxy-1-methylethyl]acetamide; SMET) and…

Characterization of Grain-Size Distribution, Thermal Conductivity, and Gas Diffusivity in Variably Saturated Binary Sand Mixtures

T.K.K. Chamindu Deepagoda; Kathleen Smits; J.R.R.N. Jayarathne et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Characterization of differently textured porous materials, as well as different volumetric porous media mixtures, in relation to mass and heat transport is vital for many engineering and research applications. Functional relations describing physical (e.g., grain-size distribution, total porosity)…

Iron Oxide Colloid Mobility as Affected by Solid Matrix Wetting Properties

J.F. Carstens; J. Bachmann; I. Neuweiler

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The influence of porous media wettability on the mobility of colloids is mostly unknown. In the present work, organic-matter-coated goethite (OMCG) colloids were percolated through three saturated soil materials differing in wettability: untreated quartz sand and two variants of hydrophobized sand…

Method for Controlling Temperature Profiles and Water Table Depths in Laboratory Sediment Columns

Tetsu K. Tokunaga; Yongman Kim; Jiamin Wan et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1 · 2018 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Transport from the soil surface to groundwater is commonly mediated through deeper portions of the vadose zone and capillary fringe, where variations in temperature and water saturation strongly influence biogeochemical processes. This technical note describes a sediment column design that allows…

Site‐Specific Soil Properties of the US Climate Reference Network Soil Moisture

Timothy B. Wilson; C. Bruce Baker; Tilden P. Meyers et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 15 No. 11 · 2016 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Core Ideas This study quantifies the variability of soils at US Climate Reference Network sites. Soil properties were determined from the analysis of soil core samples. Soil properties displayed large variability with depth and location within and among sites. Variability of soil properties helped…

Intrinsic Relationship between Matric Potential and Cation Hydration

Morteza Khorshidi; Ning Lu; Alireza Khorshidi

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 15 No. 11 · 2016 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Core Ideas Exchangeable cations are important in water sorption, hydraulic conductivity, swelling, flocculation–deflocculation, and fertility. Intrinsic relationship exists between matric potential and cation hydration at very low water contents. Proposed model predicts soil water content at low…

Estimating Nitrate Leaching to Groundwater from Orchards: Comparing Crop Nitrogen Excess, Deep Vadose Zone Data‐Driven Estimates, and HYDRUS Modeling

S. Baram; V. Couvreur; T. Harter et al.

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 15 No. 11 · 2016 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Core Ideas Leaching below the root zone is estimated based on eight sites of intensive vadose zone monitoring. Across methods N losses estimated at the annual orchard scale were in the same order of magnitude. Simple N mass balance provided a good proxy of the orchard scale annual N accumulation in…

Evaporation, Evapotranspiration, and Irrigation Water Requirement. Manual 70. 2nd edition.

Z. Samani

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 15 No. 11 · 2016 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Early‐Time GPR: A Method to Monitor Spatial Variations in Soil Water Content during Irrigation in Clay Soils

Jonathan Algeo; Remke L. Van Dam; Lee Slater

Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 15 No. 11 · 2016 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Core Ideas Early‐time analysis extends the use of GPR to attenuating, clay‐rich soils. Early‐time GPR can upscale point measurements of water content when calibrated. Ongoing work studies alternative statistics to represent the early‐time signal. We used a recent ground‐penetrating radar (GPR)…