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Artikel Jurnal
Recording plasticity in neuronal activity in the rodent intrinsic cardiac nervous system using calcium imaging techniques
The intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICNS) is composed of interconnected clusters of neurons called ganglionated plexi (GP) which play a major role in controlling heart rate and rhythm. The function of these neurons is particularly important due to their involvement in cardiac arrhythmias such as…
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Artikel Jurnal
Bringing synapses into focus: Recent advances in synaptic imaging and mass-spectrometry for studying synaptopathy
Synapses are integral for healthy brain function and are becoming increasingly recognized as key structures in the early stages of brain disease. Understanding the pathological processes driving synaptic dysfunction will unlock new therapeutic opportunities for some of the most devastating diseases…
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Artikel Jurnal
The effect of single-cell knockout of Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein on synaptic structural plasticity
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the best-known form of inherited intellectual disability caused by the loss-of-function mutation in a single gene. The FMR1 gene mutation abolishes the expression of Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), which regulates the expression of many synaptic proteins…
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Artikel Jurnal
Tonic activation of GABAB receptors via GAT-3 mediated GABA release reduces network activity in the developing somatosensory cortex in GAD67-GFP mice
The efficiency of neocortical information processing critically depends on the balance between the glutamatergic (excitatory, E) and GABAergic (inhibitory, I) synaptic transmission. A transient imbalance of the E/I-ratio during early development might lead to neuropsychiatric disorders later in…
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Artikel Jurnal
GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder: current understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms
The GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder is a rare disease caused by mutations in the GRIN2B gene, which encodes the GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors. Most individuals with GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder present with intellectual disability and developmental delay. Motor…
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Artikel Jurnal
A review of the mechanisms underlying the role of the GIPC3 gene in hereditary deafness
The GAIP interacting protein c terminus (GIPC) genes encode a small family of proteins characterized by centrally located PDZ domains. GIPC3 encodes a 312 amino acid protein. Variants of human GIPC3 are associated with non-syndromic hearing loss. GIPC3 is one of over a hundred different genes with…
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Artikel Jurnal
Cell-autonomous and differential endocannabinoid signaling impacts the development of presynaptic retinal ganglion cell axon connectivity in vivo
Cannabis exposure during gestation evokes significant molecular modifications to neurodevelopmental programs leading to neurophysiological and behavioral abnormalities in humans. The main neuronal receptor for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the type-1 cannabinoid receptor CB1R, one of the most…
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Artikel Jurnal
Rethinking the network determinants of motor disability in Parkinson’s disease
For roughly the last 30 years, the notion that striatal dopamine (DA) depletion was the critical determinant of network pathophysiology underlying the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) has dominated the field. While the basal ganglia circuit model underpinning this hypothesis has been of…
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Artikel Jurnal
Early life adversity impaired dorsal striatal synaptic transmission and behavioral adaptability to appropriate action selection in a sex-dependent manner
Early life adversity (ELA) is a major health burden in the United States, with 62% of adults reporting at least one adverse childhood experience. These experiences during critical stages of brain development can perturb the development of neural circuits that mediate sensory cue processing and…
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Artikel Jurnal
Metaplasticity framework for cross-modal synaptic plasticity in adults
Sensory loss leads to widespread adaptation of neural circuits to mediate cross-modal plasticity, which allows the organism to better utilize the remaining senses to guide behavior. While cross-modal interactions are often thought to engage multisensory areas, cross-modal plasticity is often…
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Artikel Jurnal
Segregation of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the striatal direct and indirect pathways: An historical perspective
The direct and indirect striatal pathways form a cornerstone of the circuits of the basal ganglia. Dopamine has opponent affects on the function of these pathways due to the segregation of the D1- and D2-dopamine receptors in the spiny projection neurons giving rise to the direct and indirect…
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Artikel Jurnal
mGluR-dependent plasticity in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease
Long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) are currently the most comprehensive models of synaptic plasticity models to subserve learning and memory. In the CA1 region of the hippocampus LTP and LTD can be induced by the activation of either NMDA receptors or mGluR5 metabotropic glutamate…
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Artikel Jurnal
Genetic disorders of neurotransmitter release machinery
Synaptic neurotransmitter release is an evolutionarily conserved process that mediates rapid information transfer between neurons as well as several peripheral tissues. Release of neurotransmitters are ensured by successive events such as synaptic vesicle docking and priming that prepare synaptic…
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Artikel Jurnal
Exercise reduces the anxiogenic effects of meta-chlorophenylpiperazine: The role of 5-HT2C receptors in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
IntroductionTwo weeks of voluntary exercise in group-housed mice produces a reduction in anxiety-like behaviors across a number of different measures, including a reduction in the anxiety levels typically produced by the anxiogenic serotonergic drug m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), an agonist at…
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Artikel Jurnal
Latest updates on the serotonergic system in depression and anxiety
Psychiatric disorders are among the leading causes of global health burden, with depression and anxiety being the most disabling subtypes. The two common disorders, depression and anxiety, usually coexist and are pathologically polygenic with complicated etiologies. Current drug-based therapies…
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Artikel Jurnal
Visualizing the triheteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit composition
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are one of three ligand-gated ionotropic channels that transduce the effects of neurotransmitter glutamate at excitatory synapses within the central nervous system. Their ability to influx Ca2+ into cells, unlike mature AMPA or kainate receptors, implicates…
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Artikel Jurnal
GluN2B-NMDAR subunit contribution on synaptic plasticity: A phenomenological model for CA3-CA1 synapses
Synaptic plasticity is believed to be a key mechanism underlying learning and memory. We developed a phenomenological N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-based voltage-dependent synaptic plasticity model for synaptic modifications at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses on a hippocampal CA1 pyramidal…