8,223 results
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Journal Article
Leveraging object detection for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases through radiomic analysis
IntroductionEarly diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases remains a formidable challenge in modern neuroimaging, due to subtle and heterogeneous brain deterioration patterns in early disease stages. Integrating artificial intelligence and radiomic analysis has emerged as a powerful paradigm for…
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Journal Article
Gamma-aminobutyric acid associated research in Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory trends analysis
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, participates in physiological processes such as cognition and motor control by regulating the…
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Journal Article
Predicting progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease using longitudinal EEG data: a 12-month cohort study
IntroductionAmnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), serving as a clinical precursor to Alzheimer's Disease (AD), assumes a pivotal role in the early stages of AD prevention. The longitudinal collection of data in aMCI is imperative for monitoring disease progression and guiding clinical…
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Journal Article
Intestinal barrier compromise, viral persistence, and immune dysregulation converge on neurological sequelae in Long COVID
Long COVID (LC) is a multisystem, post-infectious conditions diagnosed ≥3 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and marked by relapsing, persistent, or progressive symptoms, especially fatigue, post-exertional symptom exacerbation and neuropsychiatric syndromes. We synthesized evidence suggesting…
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Journal Article
Intrinsic mechanical vibrations as a missing dimension in amyloid-β clearance: a mechanochemical hypothesis for Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease is widely viewed as a disorder of disturbed amyloid-β (Aβ) homeostasis, yet it remains unclear why Aβ shifts from routine turnover to progressive retention and plaque growth in mid-life. This article advances a mechanochemical hypothesis: that age-related reductions in…
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Journal Article
White matter hyperintensities and late-life cognition: an analysis of moderation effects of mild behavioral impairment
BackgroundMild behavioral impairment (MBI) is recognized as a potential early marker for dementia and may be indicative of the increased risk in the predementia stage. This study investigated whether MBI could moderate the impact of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on late-life cognitive…
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Journal Article
Human cytomegalovirus infection and cognitive decline: insights from population and experimental studies
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a ubiquitous DNA betaherpesvirus, is capable of persistent infection and immunomodulation, particularly in immunocompromised and elderly hosts. Emerging evidence links HCMV to neurodegenerative diseases through its multifaceted immunomodulatory effects. This review…
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Journal Article
Mechanisms to medicines: navigating drug repurposing strategies in Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents a continuously advancing neurodegenerative condition distinguished by the unremitting deterioration of cognitive abilities and memory impairment, which significantly hampers daily functioning of life. In the absence of disease modifying treatments, it continues…
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Journal Article
Therapeutic and preventive strategies based on the maladaptive plasticity hypothesis for Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by two hallmark pathologies, amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Amyloid-β and tau, key components of APs and NFTs, respectively, are widely considered primary drivers of neurodegeneration in AD. In…
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Journal Article
SK channel upregulation and sex-specific mechanisms drive spinal motoneuron reduced excitability with age
IntroductionMechanisms underlying age-related weakness are not fully understood, with neuronal mechanisms recently gaining attention. Despite studies on excitatory and inhibitory inputs, conflicting findings on α-motoneuron intrinsic excitability and PIC changes highlight a major gap in explaining…
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Journal Article
Medial prefrontal activation as a neural predictor of cognitive training gains in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: exploratory evidence
BackgroundNot all individuals benefit equally from cognitive training, making it essential to identify neural markers that can predict individual responsiveness, particularly among those at the early stages of cognitive impairment.MethodsThis study investigated whether prefrontal activation…
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Journal Article
Neuromelanin, iron and MRI measurements in midbrain tissues of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s subjects
BackgroundIn Parkinson’s disease, decreased neuromelanin and increased Fe concentrations derive from the loss of neuromelanin-containing neurons in the substantia nigra, which is spared in Alzheimer’s disease. We aimed to measure neuromelanin and Fe concentrations in post mortem midbrain subregions…
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Journal Article
Artificial intelligence and multi-omics nominate TAZ as an insomnia-related diagnostic and druggable target for Parkinson’s disease patients
BackgroundInsomnia is one of the most common non-motor comorbidities of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and often before the onset of motor symptoms. Identifying the molecular mechanisms of insomnia may facilitate the early diagnosis of PD and contribute to therapeutic development.MethodsFive human PD…
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Journal Article
Research trends on neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory analysis
BackgroundNeuroinflammation is a core mechanism in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Research on PD and neuroinflammation has been steadily increasing. This study aims to explore and analyze the current status, hotspots, and future directions of neuroinflammation-associated research in…
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Journal Article
Different structural brain patterns and their association with executive function and general cognitive ability in cognitively normal elderly adults
ObjectivesStructural gray matter changes were significantly observed in cognitively normal elderly adults, but the associations between different structural brain patterns, executive function, and general cognitive ability in older adults have not been fully explored.MethodsA total of 119…
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Journal Article
Associations between declines in uneven terrain walking speed and visuospatial working memory in older adults
IntroductionMobility and cognitive functions often decline concurrently in older adults, and may be particularly detrimental to walking in complex environments such as uneven terrain. Walking on uneven terrain particularly relies on visuospatial working memory to continuously adjust gait patterns…
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Journal Article
Exploring biomechanical differences between brain-first and body-first Parkinson’s disease subtypes using shear wave elastography: a pilot cross-sectional study
ObjectiveThis exploratory study aimed to investigate whether ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) could quantify rigidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and assess potential biomechanical differences between the brain-first and body-first subtypes.MethodsShear wave elastography was used to measure…
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Journal Article
IL1A enhances TNF-induced retinal ganglion cell death
IntroductionA growing body of literature suggests a role for neuroinflammation in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucoma. For instance, deficiency of three proinflammatory cytokines, complement component 1, subcomponent q (C1q), interleukin 1 alpha (Il1a), and tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)…
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Journal Article
Physical exercise/melatonin interaction in young rats fed a low-protein diet: a behavioral, electrophysiological, and redox balance analysis
IntroductionEarly-life protein malnutrition disrupts redox balance in the brain and alters brain development and function. This study evaluated the effects of subcutaneous melatonin (MLT) administration, treadmill exercise (TE), and their combination on behavioral parameters (anxiety and memory)…
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