31,912 results
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Journal Article
Pharmacological advances in multi-targeted strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic perspective based on traditional Chinese medicine
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex systemic metabolic disease driven by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuro-immune dysregulation. It frequently progresses to multi-organ complications affecting the kidneys, retina, heart, and…
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Journal Article
Rethinking network analysis in ethnopharmacology: a multi-omics and AI roadmap to overcome conceptual and methodological biases
Network analysis (NA) is a widely used computational tool for exploring the complex systems of interactions in ethnopharmacology, aiming to predict potential targets and generate mechanistic hypotheses. However, the predictive validity and biological relevance of its outputs are constrained by a…
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Journal Article
Role of albumin in regulating platelet function
IntroductionHypoproteinemia, which occurs in diverse clinical conditions, can cause a range of complications such as thrombosis, which is among the most serious and potentially life-threatening. Albumin is a widely utilized clinical therapeutic agent; however, research regarding its regulatory…
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Journal Article
Post-marketing safety profile of dengue vaccines CYD-TDV and TAK-003: analysis of adverse event reports from a European database
IntroductionDengue is one of the major global public health burden, particularly in endemic regions. CYD-TDV and TAK-003 are the currently licensed live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccines, differing in serostatus indication, age range, and immunogenic design. While efficacy has been…
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Journal Article
Magnesium sulfate pharmacology for maternal and critical-care indications: mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and the therapeutic window
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and related critical illnesses remain leading global causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity, and magnesium sulfate is now a cornerstone therapy across obstetric, perinatal, and critical-care settings. However, its use in practice remains heterogeneous. This…
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Journal Article
Efficacy and safety of common Chinese herbal medicines in treating psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BackgroundPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high incidence, imposing a substantial global disease burden. As a low-cost complementary and alternative therapy, traditional Chinese herbal formulations have been widely used in clinical practice in China for the treatment…
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Journal Article
Proton pump inhibitor prescription patterns in hospitalized patients before and after targeted intervention
BackgroundThe increasing utilization of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients without clear medical indications has raised concerns regarding potential risks, highlighting the importance of de-prescription. Ensuring the appropriate use of PPIs is an important hospital patient safety measure…
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Journal Article
SGLT2 inhibitors, semaglutide, and finerenone in diabetic kidney disease: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
BackgroundDespite optimal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade, patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) face substantial residual cardiorenal risk. The 2024 FLOW trial established semaglutide as the first GLP-1 receptor agonist with a dedicated primary renal outcome benefit. We conducted a…
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Journal Article
Traditional Chinese botanical medicines and plant-derived bioactive compounds in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: mechanistic evidence, translational challenges, and therapeutic opportunities
IntroductionAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease with limited therapeutic options, highlighting the need for multi-target interventions. Traditional Chinese botanical medicine (TCBM) interventions have attracted increasing attention as potential multi-target…
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Journal Article
Efficacy and mechanisms of andrographolide derivative in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro validation study
BackgroundAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality. Andrographolide derivative injections (e.g., Xiyanping, Yanhuning, Chuanhuning, Lianbizhi) are widely used adjunctive treatments in China. Their clinical efficacy…
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Journal Article
Protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid against diquat-induced acute liver injury involve activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
BackgroundDiquat (DQ), a widely used bipyridyl herbicide, induces acute liver injury primarily through oxidative stress, and effective targeted therapies remain lacking. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) exhibits antioxidant potential, but its role in DQ-induced liver injury has not been fully…
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Journal Article
Changes in device-matched peak inspiratory flow after bedside inhaler coaching and factors associated with residual suboptimal flow: a retrospective observational study
BackgroundPeak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) is a critical determinant of inhaler-device compatibility, particularly when assessed under resistance conditions matching the prescribed inhaler. However, changes in device-matched PIFR patterns after inhaler coaching and factors associated with…
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Journal Article
Population pharmacokinetic modeling of tacrolimus using real-world data for precision dosing in pediatric liver transplant recipients younger than 36 months during the immediate postoperative period
BackgroundTacrolimus dosing during the immediate postoperative period after pediatric liver transplantation is challenging because clearance can change rapidly as graft function recovers, while conventional weight-based dosing provides limited guidance for incorporating measured concentrations into…
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Journal Article
GABAB receptor modulation during drug-memory reconsolidation: current evidence and translational priorities for relapse prevention
Relapse after abstinence is sustained in part by drug-associated memories reactivated by cues, contexts, actions, and interoceptive states. Reconsolidation-based interventions seek to modify a retrieved memory during transient lability. GABAB receptors suppress transmitter release, hyperpolarize…
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Journal Article
Lamotrigine-associated severe cholestatic drug-induced liver injury requiring artificial liver support and percutaneous biliary drainage: a Case Report
Lamotrigine is widely used as an antiseizure medication, but it may rarely cause severe hypersensitivity reactions with systemic involvement. We report a 29-year-old male with epilepsy confirmed by brain MRI and EEG, who developed fever and generalized maculopapular rash during lamotrigine…
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Journal Article
Nitazoxanide alleviates collagen-induced arthritis by inhibiting STAT3-dependent Th17 cell differentiation and inflammatory cytokines production
Nitazoxanide (NTZ), an FDA-approved anti-parasitic drug, has shown anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes, yet its impact on immune cell function and its potential synergy with methotrexate (MTX) remains unclear. In this study, using a murine…
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Journal Article
The ratio of propylene glycol to glycerol modulates nicotine taste and reward: more glycerol, more reward
BackgroundPropylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (Gly) are odorless tobacco product constituents that act as solvents in electronic cigarette e-liquids and as humectants in oral nicotine products. Little is known about how PG/Gly ratio may affect nicotine’s sensory and rewarding properties. To address…
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Journal Article
Early adjunctive vasopressin was not associated with a lower 7-day risk of renal replacement therapy in norepinephrine-treated patients with cirrhosis: a target-trial-informed study with external replication
BackgroundEarly adjunctive vasopressin can reduce catecholamine exposure in vasodilatory shock, but whether it prevents severe kidney failure in norepinephrine-treated patients with cirrhosis is uncertain.MethodsWe conducted a target-trial-informed landmark study using MIMIC-IV as the primary…
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Journal Article
Formononetin improved healthspan via the P53/P21/CDK4 pathway in SAMP8 mice and DAF-16/SKN-1 signaling pathway in C.elegans
ObjectiveTo investigate the healthy aging effects of Formononetin and its underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsSAMP8 mice were administered Formononetin (4, 8, 16 mg/kg, po) for 5 months. Behavioral tests were performed in 9-month-old mice, followed by histopathology. 5-methylcytosine (5-mC)…
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