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Artikel Jurnal
The dual effects of anesthetics on glial cells: a review of neuroprotection and neurotoxicity
Glial cells—comprising astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes—are fundamental to central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, yet their interactions with anesthetics are not fully elucidated. This review narratively synthesizes current evidence on the differential effects of local and general…
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Artikel Jurnal
Anti-inflammatory effects of Banisteriopsis caapi and beta-carbolines in neuronal cells: potential implications for neuro-COVID
BackgroundNeuroinflammation plays a central role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, along with depression, anxiety, and infectious diseases including COVID-19. Harmine and harmaline, β-carboline alkaloids from Banisteriopsis caapi, exhibit immunomodulatory…
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Artikel Jurnal
Rhein protects against renal aging and fibrotic injury by multiple targets through inhibition of TNF-α-mediated autophagy and necroptosis crosstalk
IntroductionRhein, an anthraquinone derived from rhubarb, exhibits renoprotective effects in aging and kidney injury; however, the mechanistic interplay with TNF-α-mediated cell death pathways remains undefined.MethodsUsing D-galactose (D-gal)-treated NRK-52E cells and aged rats, we assessed…
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Artikel Jurnal
Guarding the heart in the era of immunotherapies: insights for cardio-oncology practice
The advent of cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapies, and bispecific antibodies and other immune-activating platforms such as therapeutic vaccines and oncolytic viruses (often used in combination regimens) has…
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Artikel Jurnal
Epidemiology and diagnostic of MASLD in Latin America: a yet to be met challenge
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a major global health concern, affecting more than one-third of the adult population worldwide. Notably, Latin America exhibits the highest regional prevalence, with recent estimates of 44.4%. This elevated burden is…
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Artikel Jurnal
Estimated preventive dose of racemic ketamine for shivering and pruritus prophylaxis in cesarean delivery: a Monte Carlo simulation guided network meta-analysis
BackgroundThe use of ketamine and esketamine in cesarean delivery is limited by their dose-dependent adverse effects. This study aimed to precisely quantify the dose-response relationships for the prevention of shivering and pruritus and to determine the associated risk of neuropsychiatric side…
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Artikel Jurnal
PLA-THF-PEG nanoparticles Co-encapsulating AV3 and KH3 for synergistic pancreatic cancer therapy via stromal remodeling and metabolic inhibition
IntroductionPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by dense desmoplastic stroma, metabolic reprogramming, and poor therapeutic response. Stromal desmoplasia limits drug penetration, while glycolytic adaptation supports tumor progression…
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Artikel Jurnal
Targeting lipophagy and nuclear receptors in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: insights from traditional Chinese medicine
Background: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents a globally prevalent chronic hepatic disorder hallmarked by excessive lipid accumulation within hepatocytes. This condition can progressively deteriorate to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, thereby imposing a substantial…
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Artikel Jurnal
Luteolin mitigates proliferative vitreoretinopathy through inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling and epithelial–mesenchymal transition
AimTo investigate the inhibitory effect of luteolin on proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and explore its potential mechanism.MethodsHuman retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells were treated with luteolin (0–50 μM) to assess its effects on cell viability, migration, and TGF-β2–induced…
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Artikel Jurnal
Phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and molecular docking of Farsetia aegyptia and Zilla spinosa from Saudi Arabia
BackgroundFarsetia aegyptia and Zilla spinosa belonging to the Brassicaceae family, well-known for their biological and therapeutic activities.ObjectiveTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study to explore the composition, antibacterial, anticandidal, antibiofilm activities using in…
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Artikel Jurnal
A prospective feasibility study evaluating the implementation of model-informed precision dosing in critically ill children
Achieving optimal antibiotic exposure in critically ill pediatric patients is difficult due to (their) dynamic physiology and variability. Conventional weight-based regimens often fail to reach pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets for narrow therapeutic index agents such as vancomycin…
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Artikel Jurnal
Divergent roles of serum CXCL9 as a biomarker in ILD and COPD: a comparative study
BackgroundThe chemokine CXCL9, induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ), is a hallmark of type 1 (T1) inflammation. Its role in chronic respiratory diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence suggesting it may reflect steroid-responsive inflammation in interstitial lung disease (ILD) but correlate…
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Artikel Jurnal
PPAR-gamma regulates PFAS-mediated proinflammatory cytokines in lung epithelial cells
BackgroundPer and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), including the legacy compound perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), are persistent organic pollutants with long biological half-lives. Emerging evidence suggests a significant accumulation of PFAS/PFOS in the human lung, potentially contributing…
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Artikel Jurnal
Leonurine ameliorates experimental type 2 diabetes through gut microbiota remodeling, enhanced butyrate production, and MPC2 activation to restore GLP-1 secretion
The core pathophysiological mechanism of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and its consequential impairment of enteroendocrine glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. T2DM mouse model was established using high-fat diet (HFD) feeding combined…
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Artikel Jurnal
Repurposing metformin for cardioprotection: mechanisms and therapeutic potential across cardiovascular pathologies
Metformin, a cornerstone therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has emerged as a promising cardioprotective agent with effects that extend well beyond glycemic control. This review synthesizes current evidence on the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying metformin’s glycemic control and…
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Artikel Jurnal
In vitro exploration of drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathies: clues of diverse endothelial activation pathways respective to interferon-β1a, ciclosporin A, and gemcitabine exposure
Pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic stimuli can activate endothelial cells (ECs) and predispose them to thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs). Drug-induced TMA (DITMA) may occur in clinical practice during treatment with interferon-β1a (IFN-β1a), ciclosporin A (CsA), and gemcitabine (GEM). DITMA may…
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Artikel Jurnal
From pharmacokinetics to precision dosing: optimizing continuous infusion regimens of ciprofol for elderly patients
ObjectiveTo develop and validate a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model for ciprofol in elderly surgical patients, delineating its pharmacokinetic profile and concentration-effect relationship to inform precision dosing.MethodsTwenty patients (aged ≥65 years) undergoing elective…
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Artikel Jurnal
Evaluation of trimetazidine in alleviating paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial
BackgroundPaclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is a frequent chemotherapy complication that causes nerve damage and profoundly reduces patients’ quality of life. Despite extensive preclinical evidence supporting the neuroprotective potential of trimetazidine against peripheral neuropathy, its…
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Artikel Jurnal
Curcumin enhances GSDME-mediated pyroptosis to potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with a microsatellite-stable (MSS) status exhibit poor responsiveness to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Pyroptosis induction may resensitize MSS tumors to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade; however, the expression of GSDME, a key executor of pyroptosis, is often downregulated in CRC. Here…
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