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Target DNA Structure Plays a Critical Role in RAG Transposition
Antigen receptor gene rearrangements are initiated by the RAG1/2 protein complex, which recognizes specific DNA sequences termed RSS (recombination signal sequences). The RAG recombinase can also catalyze transposition: integration of a DNA segment bounded by RSS into an unrelated DNA target. For…
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Intralocus Sexual Conflict Diminishes the Benefits of Sexual Selection
Evolution based on the benefits of acquiring “good genes” in sexual selection is only plausible with the reliable transmission of genetic quality from one generation to the next. Accumulating evidence suggests that sexually antagonistic (SA) genes with opposite effects on Darwinian fitness when…
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The Liganding of Glycolipid Transfer Protein Is Controlled by Glycolipid Acyl Structure
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) play major roles in cellular growth and development. Mammalian glycolipid transfer proteins (GLTPs) are potential regulators of cell processes mediated by GSLs and display a unique architecture among lipid binding/transfer proteins. The GLTP fold represents a novel…
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Two-Step Recruitment of RNA-Directed DNA Methylation to Tandem Repeats
Tandem repeat sequences are frequently associated with gene silencing phenomena. The Arabidopsis thaliana FWA gene contains two tandem repeats and is an efficient target for RNA-directed de novo DNA methylation when it is transformed into plants. We showed that the FWA tandem repeats are necessary…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
A Role for PCNA Ubiquitination in Immunoglobulin Hypermutation
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA polymerase cofactor and regulator of replication-linked functions. Upon DNA damage, yeast and vertebrate PCNA is modified at the conserved lysine K164 by ubiquitin, which mediates error-prone replication across lesions via translesion polymerases…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
PLoS Computational Biology Issue Image | Vol. 2(10) October 2006
Phylogenetic relationships in S. avermitilis: The modular architecture of type I polyketide synthases allows for truly natural biocombinatorics: creating new compounds very efficiently by recombination of gene segments. Shown here are the phylogenetic relationships of different domain types encoded…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
PLoS Genetics Issue Image | Vol. 2(10) October 2006
Chimpanzee: The chimpanzee and human genomes are more than 98% identical, but there are a few short DNA sequences that have changed significantly in humans since the two species diverged about 5 million years ago (see Pollard et al.). These Human Accelerated Regions (HARs) provide clues into our…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
PLoS Pathogens Issue Image | Vol. 2(10) October 2006
Incomplete intestinal metaplasia: In the gastric mucosa of a patient with Helicobacter pylori infection and a precancerous lesion called "incomplete intestinal metaplasia" (Genta stain), the gastric cells lining a gland have been replaced by absorptive intestinal cells with visible brush border and…
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Bacterial Programmed Cell Death and Multicellular Behavior in Bacteria
Traditionally, programmed cell death (PCD) is associated with eukaryotic multicellular organisms. However, recently, PCD systems have also been observed in bacteria. Here we review recent research on two kinds of genetic programs that promote bacterial cell death. The first is mediated by mazEF, a…
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Widespread Discordance of Gene Trees with Species Tree in Drosophila: Evidence for Incomplete Lineage Sorting
The phylogenetic relationship of the now fully sequenced species Drosophila erecta and D. yakuba with respect to the D. melanogaster species complex has been a subject of controversy. All three possible groupings of the species have been reported in the past, though recent multi-gene studies…
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RanBP2 Modulates Cox11 and Hexokinase I Activities and Haploinsufficiency of RanBP2 Causes Deficits in Glucose Metabolism
The Ran-binding protein 2 (RanBP2) is a large multimodular and pleiotropic protein. Several molecular partners with distinct functions interacting specifically with selective modules of RanBP2 have been identified. Yet, the significance of these interactions with RanBP2 and the genetic and…
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Recent Assembly of an Imprinted Domain from Non-Imprinted Components
Genomic imprinting, representing parent-specific expression of alleles at a locus, raises many questions about how—and especially why—epigenetic silencing of mammalian genes evolved. We present the first in-depth study of how a human imprinted domain evolved, analyzing a domain containing several…
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Improving the Evidence Base for Trauma Care: Progress in the International CRASH-2 Trial
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Ab Initio Modeling of the Herpesvirus VP26 Core Domain Assessed by CryoEM Density
Efforts in structural biology have targeted the systematic determination of all protein structures through experimental determination or modeling. In recent years, 3-D electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) has assumed an increasingly important role in determining the structures of these large…
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Correction: Emergence of Protein Fold Families through Rational Design
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Mapping Information Flow in Sensorimotor Networks
Biological organisms continuously select and sample information used by their neural structures for perception and action, and for creating coherent cognitive states guiding their autonomous behavior. Information processing, however, is not solely an internal function of the nervous system. Here we…
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