33 hasil untuk "Apollo ."
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Microbial Community Composition Impacts Pathogen Iron Availability during Polymicrobial Infection
Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial pathogenesis, but in the host, iron is tightly sequestered, limiting its availability for bacterial growth. Although this is an important arm of host immunity, most studies examine how bacteria respond to iron restriction in laboratory rather than host…
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Provision of HIV viral load testing services in Zimbabwe: Secondary data analyses using data from health facilities using the electronic Patient Monitoring System
Introduction: Routine viral load (VL) testing among persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) enables earlier detection of sub-optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and for appropriate management of treatment failure. Since adoption of this policy by Zimbabwe in 2016, the…
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Enhanced adherence counselling and viral load suppression in HIV seropositive patients with an initial high viral load in Harare, Zimbabwe: Operational issues
Background: In people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), it is essential to identify persons with high blood viral loads (VLs) (≥1000 copies/ml), provide enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) for 3 months and assess for VL suppression ( 5,000 copies/ml were associated…
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Adherence to Self-Administered Tuberculosis Treatment in a High HIV-Prevalence Setting: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Homa Bay, Kenya
Background: Good adherence to treatment is crucial to control tuberculosis (TB). Efficiency and feasibility of directly observed therapy (DOT) under routine program conditions have been questioned. As an alternative, Médecins sans Frontières introduced self-administered therapy (SAT) in several TB…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Patient Retention, Clinical Outcomes and Attrition-Associated Factors of HIV-Infected Patients Enrolled in Zimbabwe's National Antiretroviral Therapy Programme, 2007–2010
Background: Since establishment of Zimbabwe's National Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Programme in 2004, ART provision has expanded from
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The impact of US Government Stop Work Order on HIV epidemic trajectory in Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe is highly dependent on United States Government (USG) funding for the HIV Response, where 42% of the HIV expenditures in 2020 were financed by the USG and in 2023, PEPFAR invested more than $200 million to support HIV programmes. In late January 2025, the USG issued a “Stop Work Order,”…
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A Simple and Accurate Model to Predict Responses to Multi-electrode Stimulation in the Retina
Implantable electrode arrays are widely used in therapeutic stimulation of the nervous system (e.g. cochlear, retinal, and cortical implants). Currently, most neural prostheses use serial stimulation (i.e. one electrode at a time) despite this severely limiting the repertoire of stimuli that can be…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Electrical receptive fields of retinal ganglion cells: Influence of presynaptic neurons
Implantable retinal stimulators activate surviving neurons to restore a sense of vision in people who have lost their photoreceptors through degenerative diseases. Complex spatial and temporal interactions occur in the retina during multi-electrode stimulation. Due to these complexities, most…
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Loss of c-KIT expression in thyroid cancer cells
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent histologic type of thyroid tumor. Few studies investigated the role of c-KIT expression in thyroid tumors, suggesting a role for this receptor and its ligand in differentiation and growth control of thyroid epithelium and a receptor loss following…
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Peer-led counselling with problem discussion therapy for adolescents living with HIV in Zimbabwe: A cluster-randomised trial
Background: Adolescents living with HIV have poor virological suppression and high prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs). In Zimbabwe, the Zvandiri adolescent peer support programme is effective at improving virological suppression. We assessed the effect of training Zvandiri peer…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Factors Associated with Ever Being HIV-Tested in Zimbabwe: An Extended Analysis of the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (2010–2011)
Introduction: Zimbabwe has a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. It is therefore important to scale up HIV-testing and counseling (HTC) as a gateway to HIV prevention, treatment and care. Objective: To determine factors associated with being HIV-tested among adult men and women in…
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Concurrent advanced HIV disease and viral load suppression in a high-burden setting: Findings from the 2015–6 ZIMPHIA survey
Background: As Zimbabwe approaches epidemic control of HIV, programs now prioritize viral load over CD4 monitoring, making it difficult to identify persons living with HIV (PLHIV) suffering from advanced disease (AD). We present an analysis of cross-sectional ZIMPHIA data, highlighting PLHIV with…
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Adolescents and young adults are the most undiagnosed of HIV and virally unsuppressed in Eastern and Southern Africa: Pooled analyses from five population-based surveys
Age and gender disparities within the HIV cascade of care are critical to focus interventions efficiently. We assessed gender-age groups at the highest probability of unfavorable outcomes in the HIV cascade in five HIV prevalent settings. We performed pooled data analyses from population-based…
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Molecular characterization of low grade and high grade bladder cancer
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is the 9th most common cancer diagnosis worldwide. Low grade (LG) represents 70% of all BCs, characterized by recurrence and rare ability (10–15%) to progress to high grade (HG) and invade. The remaining 30% is high grade (HG), fast invasive BC, which is resistant to…
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Patient-mix, programmatic characteristics, retention and predictors of attrition among patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) before and after the implementation of HIV “Treat All” in Zimbabwe
Background: Since the scale-up of the HIV “Treat All” recommendation, evidence on its real-world effect on predictors of attrition (either death or lost to follow-up) is lacking. We conducted a retrospective study using Zimbabwe ART program data to assess the association between “Treat All” and…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Cost Effectiveness of Potential ART Adherence Monitoring Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa
Background: Interventions based around objective measurement of adherence to antiretroviral drugs for HIV have potential to improve adherence and to enable differentiation of care such that clinical visits are reduced in those with high adherence. It would be useful to understand the approximate…
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Retention and predictors of attrition among patients who started antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe’s national antiretroviral therapy programme between 2012 and 2015
Background: The last evaluation to assess outcomes for patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) through the Zimbabwe public sector was conducted in 2011, covering the 2007–2010 cohorts. The reported retention at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months were 90.7%, 78.1%, 68.8% and 64.4%, respectively. We…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Cost-effectiveness of Zvandiri, a community-based support intervention to reduce virological failure in adolescents living with HIV in Zimbabwe: Results of a decision analytical model
Improving antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) improves outcomes, but with resource implications. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis extrapolating the costs and benefits of a community-based peer-support intervention (Zvandiri) among ALHIV in…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Feasibility and acceptability of task sharing collection of HIV viral load dried blood spot samples with community lay cadres: A cross-sectional diagnostic validation study in Zimbabwe
Viral load (VL) testing is a critical tool for clinical management of HIV, yet healthcare worker (HCW) shortages remain a key barrier to VL sample collection. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of VL dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection by community lay cadres (CLCs) compared…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Provider costs of Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Zimbabwe: The value of using time-driven activity based costing methods in a low resource setting
Although ART has transformed HIV into a manageable chronic condition, significant cost and logistical challenges persist, threatening progress toward the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. Budget allocation to the health sector declined by over 30% in the last decade in Zimbabwe, attributed to donor fatigue…