26 hasil untuk "Muhammad Roman"

Contextual image caption creation using object positional embedding and generative models

Muhammad Danyal; Muhammad Roman; Abdul Shahid dkk.

PLOS One, Vol. 21 No. 7 · 2026 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Automated image captioning remains a challenge, as it enables machines to generate context-aware textual descriptions of visual content. Traditional deep learning approaches often rely on lexical overlap and fail to capture semantic relationships among objects, leading to captions that lack…

A Systematic Literature Review of Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Techniques, Metrics, and Challenges

Andrew Brown; Muhammad Roman; Barry Devereux

Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol. 9 No. 12 · 2025 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to reduce hallucinations and outdated knowledge by grounding LLM outputs in retrieved evidence, but empirical results are scattered across tasks, systems, and metrics, limiting cumulative insight. Objective: We aimed to synthesise empirical…

The Evaluation of a Long-Term Experiment on the Relationships between Weather, Nitrogen Fertilization, Preceding Crop, and Winter Wheat Grain Yield on Cambisol

Lukáš Hlisnikovský; Ladislav Menšík; Muhammad Roman dkk.

Plants, Vol. 13 No. 6 · 2024 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

In this paper, a sequence (1979–2022) of a long-term trial established in Lukavec in 1956 (Czech Republic) focusing on the effect of weather, various nitrogen (N) fertilization methods (control, PK, N1PK, N2PK, and N3PK) and preceding crops (cereals, legumes, and oil plants) on winter wheat grain…

Optimising window size of semantic of classification model for identification of in-text citations based on context and intent

Arshad Iqbal; Abdul Shahid; Muhammad Roman dkk.

PLOS ONE, Vol. 20 No. 3 · 2025 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Citations in scientific literature act as channels for the sharing, transfer, and development of scientific knowledge. However, not all citations hold the same significance. Numerous taxonomies and machine learning models have been developed to analyze citations, but they often overlook the…

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Citation Intent Classification Using Word Embedding

Muhammad Roman; Abdul Shahid; Shafiullah Khan dkk.

IEEE Access, Vol. 9 · 2021 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Citation analysis is an active area of research for various reasons. So far, statistical approaches are mainly used for citation analysis, which does not look into the internal context of the citations. Deep analysis of citation may reveal interesting findings by utilizing deep neural network…

Long-Term Study of the Effects of Environment, Variety, and Fertilisation on Yield and Stability of Spring Barley Grain

Lukáš Hlisnikovský; Veronika Zemanová; Muhammad Roman dkk.

Plants, Vol. 13 No. 19 · 2024 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

The stability and yield of barley grain are affected by several factors, such as climatic conditions, fertilisation, and the different barley varieties. In a long-term experiment in Prague, Czech Republic, established in 1955, we analysed the weather trends and how weather, fertilisation (10…

Exploiting Contextual Word Embedding of Authorship and Title of Articles for Discovering Citation Intent Classification

Muhammad Roman; Abdul Shahid; Muhammad Irfan Uddin dkk.

Complexity, Vol. 2021 · 2021 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

The number of scientific publications is growing exponentially. Research articles cite other work for various reasons and, therefore, have been studied extensively to associate documents. It is argued that not all references carry the same level of importance. It is essential to understand the…

Exploiting Contextual Word Embedding for Identification of Important Citations: Incorporating Section-Wise Citation Counts and Metadata Features

Arshad Iqbal; Abdul Shahid; Muhammad Roman dkk.

IEEE Access, Vol. 11 · 2023 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Finding relevant research papers can be a challenging task due to the enormous number of scientific publications released each year. Recently, the scientific community has been diving deep into citation analysis, specifically examining the content of papers to identify more crucial documents…

TKFIM: Top-K frequent itemset mining technique based on equivalence classes

Saood Iqbal; Abdul Shahid; Muhammad Roman dkk.

PeerJ Computer Science, Vol. 7 · 2021 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Frequently used items mining is a significant subject of data mining studies. In the last ten years, due to innovative development, the quantity of data has grown exponentially. For frequent Itemset (FIs) mining applications, it imposes new challenges. Misconceived information may be found in…

Investigating Maps of Science Using Contextual Proximity of Citations Based on Deep Contextualized Word Representation

Muhammad Roman; Abdul Shahid; Shafiullah Khan dkk.

IEEE Access, Vol. 10 · 2022 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

The citation intent extraction and classification has long been studied as it is a good measure of relevancy. Different approaches have classified the citations into different classes; including weak and strong, positive and negative, important and unimportant. Others have gone further from binary…

Microsphere Photolithography Patterned Nanohole Array on an Optical Fiber

Ibrahem Jasim; Jiayu Liu; Chen Zhu dkk.

IEEE Access, Vol. 9 · 2021 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Microsphere Photolithography (MPL) is a nanopatterning technique that utilizes a self-assembled monolayer of microspheres as an optical element to focus incident radiation inside a layer of photoresist. The microspheres produces a sub-diffraction limited photonic-jet on the opposite side of each…

Sustainability-Related Impacts of Digitalization on Supply Chain Management

Sama Hosseini Androod; Mahshid Babakhan; Naomi Biroki dkk.

Engineering Proceedings, Vol. 76 No. 1 · 2024 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

In this era of digitalization, many companies that aim to improve the sustainability of their supply chain utilize digital technologies. Digital technologies have provided the overall supply chain with more transparency, visibility, and real-time data exchange. The purpose of this paper is to…

The Effect of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Silage Maize Biomass Yield and Quality Across Different Soil–Climate Conditions in the Czech Republic

Lukáš Hlisnikovský; Ladislav Menšík; Muhammad Roman dkk.

Plants, Vol. 15 No. 8 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Maize biomass production and quality are influenced by numerous factors, including fertilization, soil characteristics, and climatic conditions. The aim of our study was to evaluate how different fertilization treatments ((1) Control, (2) farmyard manure (FYM), (3) FYM with added mineral nitrogen…

Entropy generation in magneto couple stress bionanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a stagnation point on a stretching/shrinking sheet

Muhammad Salim Khan; Zahir Shah; Muhammad Roman dkk.

Scientific Reports, Vol. 13 No. 1 · 2023 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Abstract The study focuses on the behavior of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid with couple stress properties, using water-based bionanofluid. The fluid is analyzed as it flows across a porous stretching/shrinking sheet within its own plane. This Study also explores the Bejan Number…

Assessing Meteorological and Agricultural Drought in Chitral Kabul River Basin Using Multiple Drought Indices

Muhammad Hasan Ali Baig; Muhammad Abid; Muhammad Roman Khan dkk.

Remote Sensing, Vol. 12 No. 9 · 2020 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Drought is a complex and poorly understood natural hazard in complex terrain and plains lie in foothills of Hindukush-Himalaya-Karakoram region of Central and South Asia. Few research studied climate change scenarios in the transboundary Chitral Kabul River Basin (CKRB) despite its vulnerability to…

A Spatially Distributed Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensor for Applications in the Steel Industry

Muhammad Roman; Damilola Balogun; Yiyang Zhuang dkk.

Sensors, Vol. 20 No. 14 · 2020 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

This paper presents a spatially distributed fiber-optic sensor system designed for demanding applications, like temperature measurements in the steel industry. The sensor system employed optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) to interrogate Rayleigh backscattering signals in single-mode…

Assessing English language sentences readability using machine learning models

Shazia Maqsood; Abdul Shahid; Muhammad Tanvir Afzal dkk.

PeerJ Computer Science, Vol. 7 · 2022 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Readability is an active field of research in the late nineteenth century and vigorously persuaded to date. The recent boom in data-driven machine learning has created a viable path forward for readability classification and ranking. The evaluation of text readability is a time-honoured issue with…

Suitability of Solar PV Plant Sites Using A Combined GIS-AHP And Remote Sensing Approach; A Case Study of Khanewal District, Pakistan

Muhammad Roman; Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq; Abdullah Nadeem dkk.

Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment, Vol. 13 No. 2 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Optimal siting of solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants is essential for maximizing efficiency. Given Pakistan’s ongoing electricity shortages and rising energy costs over the past 30 years, identifying efficient and sustainable energy alternatives has become critical. This study integrates…

Highly Sensitive Strain Sensor by Utilizing a Tunable Air Reflector and the Vernier Effect

Farhan Mumtaz; Muhammad Roman; Bohong Zhang dkk.

Sensors, Vol. 22 No. 19 · 2022 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

A highly sensitive strain sensor based on tunable cascaded Fabry–Perot interferometers (FPIs) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Cascaded FPIs consist of a sensing FPI and a reference FPI, which effectively generate the Vernier effect (VE). The sensing FPI comprises a hollow core fiber…