19 hasil untuk "Stuart M Levitz"

Innate Recognition of Fungal Cell Walls

Stuart M. Levitz

PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 6 No. 4 · 2010 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Effect of Differential N-linked and O-linked Mannosylation on Recognition of Fungal Antigens by Dendritic Cells

Jennifer S. Lam; Haibin Huang; Stuart M. Levitz

PLoS ONE, Vol. 2 No. 10 · 2007 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Background: An experimental approach for improving vaccine efficacy involves targeting antigens to mannose receptors (MRs) on dendritic cells (DCs) and other professional antigen presenting cells. Previously, we demonstrated that mannosylated Pichia pastoris-derived recombinant proteins exhibited…

Innate Sensing of Chitin and Chitosan

Chelsea L. Bueter; Charles A. Specht; Stuart M. Levitz

PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 9 No. 1 · 2013 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Direct Inhibition of T-Cell Responses by the Cryptococcus Capsular Polysaccharide Glucuronoxylomannan

Lauren E Yauch; Jennifer S Lam; Stuart M Levitz

PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 2 No. 11 · 2006 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

The major virulence factor of the pathogenic fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii is the capsule. Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), the major component of the capsule, is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide that is shed during cryptococcosis and can persist in patients after successful…

How post-translational modifications in pathogenic fungi inform pathogenesis and immune responses

Satya Ranjan Sahu; Charles A. Specht; Stuart M. Levitz

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 22 No. 5 · 2026 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Cooperative Stimulation of Dendritic Cells by Cryptococcus neoformans Mannoproteins and CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides

Jennifer M. Dan; Jennifer P. Wang; Chrono K. Lee dkk.

PLoS ONE, Vol. 3 No. 4 · 2008 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

While mannosylation targets antigens to mannose receptors on dendritic cells (DC), the resultant immune response is suboptimal. We hypothesized that the addition of toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands would enhance the DC response to mannosylated antigens. Cryptococcus neoformans mannoproteins (MP)…

Contributions of the MyD88-Dependent Receptors IL-18R, IL-1R, and TLR9 to Host Defenses following Pulmonary Challenge with Cryptococcus neoformans

Jennifer P. Wang; Chrono K. Lee; Ali Akalin dkk.

PLoS ONE, Vol. 6 No. 10 · 2011 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Signaling via the adapter protein, MyD88, is important in the host defense against Cryptococcus neoformans infection. While certain Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can enhance the clearance of Cryptococcus, the contributions of MyD88-dependent, TLR-independent pathways have not been fully investigated…

A Population of Langerin-Positive Dendritic Cells in Murine Peyer's Patches Involved in Sampling β-Glucan Microparticles

Magdia De Jesus; Gary R. Ostroff; Stuart M. Levitz dkk.

PLoS ONE, Vol. 9 No. 3 · 2014 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Glucan particles (GPs) are 2–4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted–delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens. While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport…

Lung eosinophils elicited during allergic and acute aspergillosis express RORγt and IL-23R but do not require IL-23 for IL-17 production

Bhawna Yadav; Charles A. Specht; Chrono K. Lee dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 17 No. 8 · 2021 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Exposure to the mold, Aspergillus, is ubiquitous and generally has no adverse consequences in immunocompetent persons. However, invasive and allergic aspergillosis can develop in immunocompromised and atopic individuals, respectively. Previously, we demonstrated that mouse lung eosinophils produce…

Protection against experimental cryptococcosis elicited by Cationic Adjuvant Formulation 01-adjuvanted subunit vaccines

Ruiying Wang; Lorena V. N. Oliveira; Maureen M. Hester dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 20 No. 7 · 2024 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

The fungal infection, cryptococcosis, is responsible for >100,000 deaths annually. No licensed vaccines are available. We explored the efficacy and immune responses of subunit cryptococcal vaccines adjuvanted with Cationic Adjuvant Formulation 01 (CAF01). CAF01 promotes humoral and T helper (Th) 1…

Use of sequential lateral flow assays to diagnose cryptococcal infection among people living with HIV in Monrovia, Liberia

Yassah M. Barclay-Korboi; Alina Adeel; Ibrahim Ajami dkk.

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol. 19 No. 4 · 2025 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the top causes of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS. In high prevalence regions, current recommendations are to screen individuals with blood CD4+ T cell counts less than 200 cells/µl for serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) and then preemptively…

A glucan-particle based tularemia subunit vaccine induces T-cell immunity and affords partial protection in an inhalation rat infection model

Adam O. Whelan; Helen C. Flick-Smith; Nicola J. Walker dkk.

PLOS ONE, Vol. 19 No. 5 · 2024 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Tularemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis. F. tularensis has a very low infection dose by the aerosol route which can result in an acute, and potentially lethal, infection in humans. Consequently, it is classified as a…

Central Role of IL-23 and IL-17 Producing Eosinophils as Immunomodulatory Effector Cells in Acute Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Allergic Asthma

Evelyn Santos Guerra; Chrono K. Lee; Charles A. Specht dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 13 No. 1 · 2017 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive pulmonary disease in immunocompromised hosts and allergic asthma in atopic individuals. We studied the contribution of lung eosinophils to these fungal diseases. By in vivo intracellular cytokine staining and confocal microscopy, we observed that eosinophils…

Novel Strategies to Enhance Vaccine Immunity against Coccidioidomycosis

Garry T. Cole; Chiung-Yu Hung; Sam D. Sanderson dkk.

PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 9 No. 12 · 2013 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Recognition of Aspergillus fumigatus Hyphae by Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Is Mediated by Dectin-2 and Results in Formation of Extracellular Traps

Flávio V. Loures; Marc Röhm; Chrono K. Lee dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 11 No. 2 · 2015 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were initially considered as critical for innate immunity to viruses. However, our group has shown that pDCs bind to and inhibit the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae and that depletion of pDCs renders mice hypersusceptible to experimental aspergillosis. In…

Protection induced by a Francisella tularensis subunit vaccine delivered by glucan particles

Adam O. Whelan; Helen C. Flick-Smith; Jane Homan dkk.

PLOS ONE, Vol. 13 No. 10 · 2018 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen causing the disease tularemia, and an organism of concern to biodefence. There is no licensed vaccine available. Subunit approaches have failed to induce protection, which requires both humoral and cellular immune memory responses, and have been…

Chitin Recognition via Chitotriosidase Promotes Pathologic Type-2 Helper T Cell Responses to Cryptococcal Infection

Darin L. Wiesner; Charles A. Specht; Chrono K. Lee dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 11 No. 3 · 2015 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

Pulmonary mycoses are often associated with type-2 helper T (Th2) cell responses. However, mechanisms of Th2 cell accumulation are multifactorial and incompletely known. To investigate Th2 cell responses to pulmonary fungal infection, we developed a peptide-MHCII tetramer to track antigen-specific…

Paradoxical Immune Responses in Non-HIV Cryptococcal Meningitis

Anil A. Panackal; Simone C. Wuest; Yen-Chih Lin dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 11 No. 5 · 2015 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

The fungus Cryptococcus is a major cause of meningoencephalitis in HIV-infected as well as HIV-uninfected individuals with mortalities in developed countries of 20% and 30%, respectively. In HIV-related disease, defects in T-cell immunity are paramount, whereas there is little understanding of…

Structural basis of Blastomyces Endoglucanase-2 adjuvancy in anti-fungal and -viral immunity

Lucas dos Santos Dias; Hannah E. Dobson; Brock Kingstad Bakke dkk.

PLOS Pathogens, Vol. 17 No. 3 · 2021 · Inggris · PLOS Scopus

The development of safe subunit vaccines requires adjuvants that augment immunogenicity of non-replicating protein-based antigens. Current vaccines against infectious diseases preferentially induce protective antibodies driven by adjuvants such as alum. However, the contribution of antibody to host…