198 results for "Torsten Bohn"
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Carotenoids and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Observational Studies and Intervention Trials: Implications for Chronic Diseases
Carotenoids include C30, C40 and C50 terpenoid-based molecules, many of which constitute coloured pigments. However, >1100 of these are known to occur in nature and only about a dozen are known to play a role in our daily diet. Carotenoids have received much attention due to their proposed health…
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Dietary carotenoids and vitamin A are associated with lower gastric cancer risk and favorable inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers: an incident case– control study
BackgroundDietary carotenoids and vitamin A may contribute to gastric cancer (GC) prevention through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms; however, epidemiological evidence remains limited. We investigated the associations of total and individual carotenoid and vitamin A intakes with GC and…
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High adherence to the Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index are associated with reduced odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX2 study
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic complications. Certain dietary patterns play a pivotal role in improving MetS components. The aim of this investigation was to study associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Alternative Healthy…
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Separate Effects of Foliar Applied Selenate and Zinc Oxide on the Accumulation of Macrominerals, Macronutrients and Bioactive Compounds in Two Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Seed Varieties
Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are important cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. Foliar Se/Zn application is a highly efficient strategy of plant biofortification. However, its effects on the accumulation of macrominerals, macronutrients and bioactive compounds in the pea plant (Pisum sativum L.) have…
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A protocol for microRNA extraction from gastrointestinal digesta
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that influence gene-expression via post-transcriptional regulation of target protein-coding RNAs. With literature reports indicating survival of diet-derived miRNAs following their ingestion, it is important to study their stability and concentration during…
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Pro- and Antioxidant Effect of Food Items and Matrices during Simulated In Vitro Digestion
The digestive tract can be considered a bioreactor. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during digestion may predispose for local and/or systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases. Food items rich in antioxidants may prevent such aggravation. This…
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Effect of Digested Selected Food Items on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Caco-2-Based Human Gut Epithelial Model
The human gut epithelium presents a crucial interface between ingested food items and the host. Understanding how different food items influence oxidative stress and inflammation in the gut is of great importance. This study assessed the impact of various digested food items on oxidative stress…
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Separate foliar sodium selenate and zinc oxide application enhances Se but not Zn accumulation in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds
Up to 15% and 17% of the world population is selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) deficient, respectively. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important staple legume with a high potential for Se and Zn biofortification in seeds. A 2-year pot experiment investigated two pea varieties (Ambassador and Premium)…
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The micronutrient content of the diet is correlated with serum glucose biomarkers and lipid profile and is associated with the odds of being overweight/obese—a case-control study
BackgroundA low micronutrient intake has been reported to contribute to the double-burden of obesity, increasing the risk for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and mental disorders. This case-control study compared micronutrient intake profiles in overweight/obese…
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Foliar Selenate and Zinc Oxide Separately Applied to Two Pea Varieties: Effects on Growth Parameters and Accumulation of Minerals and Macronutrients in Seeds under Field Conditions
Though selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) constitute essential nutrients for human health, their deficiencies affect up to 15% and 17% of the global population, respectively. Agronomic biofortification of staple crops with Se/Zn may alleviate these challenges. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a nutritious legume…
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Validation of a Quick PCR Method Suitable for Direct Sequencing: Identification of Fusarium Fungal Species and Chemotypes for Preventive Approaches in Food Safety
Species determination by sequencing and PCR genetic chemotyping, used to determine the toxigenic potential of Fusarium strains, is fundamental for developing preventive strategies in food safety. Here we propose and statistically validate a quick protocol for standardizing the procedure of species…
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Local Retail Food Environment Exposure and Diet Quality in Rural and Urban Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis of the ORISCAV-LUX Study
Background and objectives: Increasing evidence suggests that complex measures of exposure accounting for the relative presence of healthy and unhealthy food outlets are more strongly associated with dietary pattern that absolute measures of the food environment, although evidence is limited by the…
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A fraction of diet-derived microRNAs present in plant extracellular vesicles remain detectable after gastrointestinal digestion and shows epithelial uptake in a CaCo-2 cell model
Diet constitutes a source of exogenous miRNAs that are detectable in humans. Source, stability to digestion, and cellular uptake of diet-derived miRNAs are debated topics. Here, we studied the stability of cauliflower miRNAs to cooking (100 °C, 20 min) and gastrointestinal digestion (static…
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Enhanced accumulation of phenolics in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds upon foliar application of selenate or zinc oxide
BackgroundSelenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential antioxidant enzyme cofactors. Foliar Se/Zn application is a highly effective method of plant biofortification. However, little is known about the effect of such applications on the concentration of trace elements and phytochemicals with…
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Health Beneficial Effects of Carotenoids Related to Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota
Background: Carotenoid intake and plasma concentrations have been associated with several health benefits, including a reduced risk for diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer. However, their absorption is low, and the main fraction is passed on to the colon. Very…
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Strengthening the Immune System and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Diet and Nutrition: Considerations during the COVID-19 Crisis
The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Challenges arise concerning how to optimally support the immune system in the general population, especially under self-confinement. An optimal immune response depends on an adequate diet…
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Going Beyond Walkability: Development of a Neighbourhood Active Living Environment Index in the Oriscav-Lux Study
Purpose: The walkability index (WI) is considered the gold standard in environmental research on physical activity (PA) but overlooks key environmental characteristics conducive for an active lifestyle. We developed a more comprehensive index, the Active Living Environment (ALE) index, assessing…