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Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectral Library of MXenes
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy characterization is a powerful and easy-to-use technique frequently employed for the characterization and fingerprinting of materials. Although MXenes are a large and fastest growing family of…
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Durvalumab after Chemoradiotherapy in Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer
BACKGROUND: Adjuvant therapy with durvalumab, with or without tremelimumab, may have efficacy in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer who do not have disease progression after standard concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: In a phase 3, double-blind, randomized…
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Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial
Abstract In the SELECT cardiovascular outcomes trial, semaglutide showed a 20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events in 17,604 adults with preexisting cardiovascular disease, overweight or obesity, without diabetes. Here in this prespecified analysis, we examined effects of semaglutide…
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The impact of generative artificial intelligence on socioeconomic inequalities and policy making
Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to both exacerbate and ameliorate existing socioeconomic inequalities. In this article, we provide a state-of-the-art interdisciplinary overview of the potential impacts of generative AI on (mis)information and three…
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Control-Value Theory: From Achievement Emotion to a General Theory of Human Emotions
Abstract In its original version, control-value theory describes and explains achievement emotions. More recently, the theory has been expanded to also explain epistemic, social, and existential emotions. In this article, I outline the development of the theory, from preliminary work in the 1980s…
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Hypoxia induces mitochondrial protein lactylation to limit oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) consumes oxygen to produce ATP. However, the mechanism that balances OXPHOS activity and intracellular oxygen availability remains elusive. Here, we report that mitochondrial protein lactylation is induced by intracellular hypoxia to constrain OXPHOS. We show that…
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OrthoDB and BUSCO update: annotation of orthologs with wider sampling of genomes
OrthoDB (https://www.orthodb.org) offers evolutionary and functional annotations of orthologous genes in the widest sampling of eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses, extending experimental gene function knowledge to newly sequenced genomes. We collect gene annotations, delineate hierarchical gene…
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NuFit-6.0: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations
A bstract We present an updated global analysis of neutrino oscillation data as of September 2024. The parameters θ 12 , θ 13 , $$ \Delta {m}_{21}^2 $$ ∆ m 21 2 , and $$ \mid \Delta {m}_{3\ell}^2\mid $$ ∣ ∆ m 3 ℓ 2 ∣ ( ℓ = 1 , 2) are well-determined with relative precision at 3 σ of about 13%, 8%…
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Mitophagy curtails cytosolic mtDNA-dependent activation of cGAS/STING inflammation during aging
Macroautophagy decreases with age, and this change is considered a hallmark of the aging process. It remains unknown whether mitophagy, the essential selective autophagic degradation of mitochondria, also decreases with age. In our analysis of mitophagy in multiple organs in the mito-QC reporter…
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The Surface Water and Ocean Topography Mission: A Breakthrough in Radar Remote Sensing of the Ocean and Land Surface Water
Abstract The elevations of water surfaces hold important information on the earth's oceans and land surface waters. Ocean sea surface height is related to the internal change of the ocean's density and mass associated with ocean circulation and its response to climate change. The flow rates of…
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Class-Incremental Learning: A Survey
Deep models, e.g., CNNs and Vision Transformers, have achieved impressive achievements in many vision tasks in the closed world. However, novel classes emerge from time to time in our ever-changing world, requiring a learning system to acquire new knowledge continually. Class-Incremental Learning…
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Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice
This article provides a comprehensive review of the book “Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice” by Sue, D., Sue, D., Neville, H. & Smith, L. 8th edition. Chapter 6, however, is authored by Christina M. Capodilupo, Ph.D, at Teachers College, Columbia University. Her name does not…
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Drivers of generative AI adoption in higher education through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behaviour
Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this study investigates the relationship between the perceived benefits, strengths, weaknesses, and risks of generative AI (GenAI) tools and the fundamental factors of the TPB model (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural…
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Global projections of plastic use, end-of-life fate and potential changes in consumption, reduction, recycling and replacement with bioplastics to 2050
Excessive production, indiscriminate consumption, and improper disposal of plastics have led to plastic pollution and its hazardous environmental effects. Various approaches to tackle the challenges of reducing the plastic footprint have been developed and applied, such as the production of…
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EULAR recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies: 2023 update
OBJECTIVE: New modes of action and more data on the efficacy and safety of existing drugs in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) required an update of the EULAR 2019 recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of PsA. METHODS: Following EULAR standardised operating procedures, the process included a…
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Electrospinning: Processes, Structures, and Materials
Electrospinning is a simple and affordable method of producing nanofibers, offering a large specific surface area and highly porous structures with diameters ranging from nanometers to micrometers. This process relies on an electrostatic field, providing precise control over the fiber dimensions…
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Municipal solid waste management challenges in developing regions: A comprehensive review and future perspectives for Asia and Africa
The rapid urbanization witnessed in developing countries in Asia and Africa has led to a substantial increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation. However, the corresponding disposal strategies, along with constraints in land resources and finances, compounded by unorganized public behaviour…
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ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Medical Treatment
Crohn’s disease [CD] is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] that can result in progressive bowel damage and disability.1 CD can affect individuals of any age, from children to the elderly,2,3 and may cause significant morbidity and impact on quality of life [QoL]. The precise aetiology of CD…
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Transcatheter or surgical aortic valve implantation: 10-year outcomes of the NOTION trial
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a viable treatment option for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis across a broad range of surgical risk. The Nordic Aortic Valve Intervention (NOTION) trial was the first to randomize patients at lower surgical…
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