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Science
Scopus
ISSN 0036-8075 · American Association for the Advancement of Science · 763 articles in the index
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Hydrogenation of CO 2 for sustainable fuel and chemical production
Catalytic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) hydrogenation is a potential route for producing sustainable fuels and chemicals, but existing catalysts need improvement. In particular, identifying active sites and understanding the interaction between components and the dynamic behavior of the participant…
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Water-hydroxide trapping in cobalt tungstate for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
The oxygen evolution reaction is the bottleneck to energy-efficient water-based electrolysis for the production of hydrogen and other solar fuels. In proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), precious metals have generally been necessary for the stable catalysis of this reaction. In this…
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Persistent complement dysregulation with signs of thromboinflammation in active Long Covid
Long Covid is a debilitating condition of unknown etiology. We performed multimodal proteomics analyses of blood serum from COVID-19 patients followed up to 12 months after confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Analysis of >6500 proteins in 268 longitudinal samples…
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A petavoxel fragment of human cerebral cortex reconstructed at nanoscale resolution
To fully understand how the human brain works, knowledge of its structure at high resolution is needed. Presented here is a computationally intensive reconstruction of the ultrastructure of a cubic millimeter of human temporal cortex that was surgically removed to gain access to an underlying…
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Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program
One of the justifiable criticisms of human genetic studies is the underrepresentation of participants from diverse populations. Lack of inclusion must be addressed at-scale to identify causal disease factors and understand the genetic causes of health disparities. We present genome-wide…
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Deterministic reprogramming of neutrophils within tumors
Neutrophils are increasingly recognized as key players in the tumor immune response and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances characterizing the diversity of neutrophil states in cancer, common trajectories and mechanisms governing the ontogeny and relationship between…
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Managing extreme AI risks amid rapid progress
Preparation requires technical research and development, as well as adaptive, proactive governance.
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Automated self-optimization, intensification, and scale-up of photocatalysis in flow
The optimization, intensification, and scale-up of photochemical processes constitute a particular challenge in a manufacturing environment geared primarily toward thermal chemistry. In this work, we present a versatile flow-based robotic platform to address these challenges through the integration…
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Global trends and scenarios for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900 to 2050
Based on an extensive model intercomparison, we assessed trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services from historical reconstructions and future scenarios of land-use and climate change. During the 20th century, biodiversity declined globally by 2 to 11%, as estimated by a range of indicators…
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Generalized biomolecular modeling and design with RoseTTAFold All-Atom
Deep-learning methods have revolutionized protein structure prediction and design but are presently limited to protein-only systems. We describe RoseTTAFold All-Atom (RFAA), which combines a residue-based representation of amino acids and DNA bases with an atomic representation of all other groups…
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Twenty years of microplastic pollution research—what have we learned?
Twenty years after the first publication that used the term microplastic, we review current understanding, refine definitions, and consider future prospects. Microplastics arise from multiple sources, including tires, textiles, cosmetics, paint, and the fragmentation of larger items. They are…
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Improved charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells with dual-site-binding ligands
Inverted (pin) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) afford improved operating stability in comparison to their nip counterparts but have lagged in power conversion efficiency (PCE). The energetic losses responsible for this PCE deficit in pin PSCs occur primarily at the interfaces between the perovskite…
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Climate change exacerbates the environmental impacts of agriculture
Agriculture's global environmental impacts are widely expected to continue expanding, driven by population and economic growth and dietary changes. This Review highlights climate change as an additional amplifier of agriculture's environmental impacts, by reducing agricultural productivity…
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Sequence modeling and design from molecular to genome scale with Evo
The genome is a sequence that encodes the DNA, RNA, and proteins that orchestrate an organism's function. We present Evo, a long-context genomic foundation model with a frontier architecture trained on millions of prokaryotic and phage genomes, and report scaling laws on DNA to complement…
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The changing nature of groundwater in the global water cycle
In recent decades, climate change and other anthropogenic activities have substantially affected groundwater systems worldwide. These impacts include changes in groundwater recharge, discharge, flow, storage, and distribution. Climate-induced shifts are evident in altered recharge rates, greater…
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An active, stable cubic molybdenum carbide catalyst for the high-temperature reverse water-gas shift reaction
Although technologically promising, the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to produce carbon monoxide (CO) remains economically challenging owing to the lack of an inexpensive, active, highly selective, and stable catalyst. We show that nanocrystalline cubic molybdenum carbide (α-Mo 2 C), prepared…
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Strong-bonding hole-transport layers reduce ultraviolet degradation of perovskite solar cells
The light-emitting diodes (LEDs) used in indoor testing of perovskite solar cells do not expose them to the levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that they would receive in actual outdoor use. We report degradation mechanisms of p-i-n-structured perovskite solar cells under unfiltered sunlight and…
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Imperfect wound healing sets the stage for chronic diseases
Although the age of the genome gave us much insight about how our organs fail with disease, it also suggested that diseases do not arise from mutations alone; rather, they develop as we age. In this Review, we examine how wound healing might act to ignite disease. Wound healing works well when we…
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A 485-million-year history of Earth’s surface temperature
A long-term record of global mean surface temperature (GMST) provides critical insight into the dynamical limits of Earth’s climate and the complex feedbacks between temperature and the broader Earth system. Here, we present PhanDA, a reconstruction of GMST over the past 485 million years…
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Restoring hippocampal glucose metabolism rescues cognition across Alzheimer’s disease pathologies
Impaired cerebral glucose metabolism is a pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with recent proteomic studies highlighting disrupted glial metabolism in AD. We report that inhibition of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which metabolizes tryptophan to kynurenine (KYN), rescues…