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Journal

ETRI Journal

Scopus

ISSN 1225-6463 · Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) · 754 articles in the index

  1. Journal Article

    Design of a triple band-pass balanced filter based on single-stepped-impedance ring resonator with ultra-wide stopband bandwidth

    Seyed Peyman Faghir Mirnezami; Mohammadbagher Tavakoli; Farbod Setoudeh et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    In this study, a new tri-band balanced band-pass filter (BPF) design based on a single-stepped-impedance ring resonator (SIRR) with four stepped stubs loaded on the feeding structure was proposed, analyzed, and design equations were derived. Using the SIRR properties in combination with open…

  2. Journal Article

    Soft conductive hydrogel patch electrodes for dynamic human electrocardiogram acquisition

    Hanvit Kim; Deukhee Kim; Dongjune Yeo et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Reliable and stable recording of ECG signals during dynamic movements is crucial for modern clinical cardiology and future healthcare applications. However, high electrical impedance and nonconformal interface between soft tissues and conventional ECG electrodes in dynamic environments continue to…

  3. Journal Article

    End-to-end reading classification in the wild using 2D EOG signal images and ResNet variants

    Chi Yoon Jeong; Youngmi Song; Sungjun Wang et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    User reading status provides valuable insights into cognitive processes. Most reading classification methods rely on electrooculography (EOG). However, classifying EOG signals in uncontrolled environments poses challenges because of noise and limited data. To address this issue, methods based on…

  4. Journal Article

    Dynamic partitioning graph convolutional network for skeleton-based action recognition

    Sungjun Jang; Yongju Lee; Taejae Jeon et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    In skeleton-based action recognition, most state-of-the-art models are based on graph convolutional networks (GCNs), and propose various graph topologies to capture the inherent relationships between joints more effectively. However, existing GCN-based methods are constrained by their reliance on…

  5. Journal Article

    What is the most important facial part for face recognition?

    Jong-won Moon; Ho-Sub Yoon

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    In typical scenarios in which parts of the face are occluded by objects such as masks, sunglasses, hats, or scarves, previous studies have focused on analyzing how the recognition rate varies depending on the degree and location of occlusion, and several approaches have been proposed for detecting…

  6. Journal Article

    M3D-MDA: New scratchpad memory for enhancing GPU performance and energy efficiency

    Cong Thuan Do

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Applications in various fields, such as deep learning and scientific computing, naturally exhibit data access patterns along both the row and column dimensions of static random access memory (SRAM). However, traditional SRAM architectures only support asymmetric access, typically in the row…

  7. Journal Article

    MR3: An execution framework for hive and spark

    Seonggon Namgung; Sungwoo Park

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Resource utilization in multi-tenant environments remains a critical challenge for distributed data processing frameworks such as Apache Hive and Apache Spark. To address this, we propose MR3, a new execution framework designed to enhance efficiency by allowing multiple directed acyclic graphs…

  8. Journal Article

    Economic growth nowcasting through deep learning: A hybrid model of variational autoencoders and transformers

    Young-Min Kim; Yeonhee Lee

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Accurate GDP quarter-on-quarter (QoQ) nowcasting is crucial for timely eco-nomic decisions and policy formulation, requiring models that effectively cap-ture complex economic dynamics. Traditional methods, like dynamic factormodels, have been widely used but face two key limitations: (i) limited…

  9. Journal Article

    Fine-tuning XLNet for Amazon review sentiment analysis: A comparative evaluation of transformer models

    Amrithkala M. Shetty; Manjaiah D. H.; Mohammed Fadhel Aljunid

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Transfer learning in large language models adapts pretrained models to newtasks by leveraging their existing linguistic knowledge for domain-specificapplications. A fine-tuned XLNet, base-cased model is proposed for classifyingAmazon product reviews. Two datasets are used to evaluate the…

  10. Journal Article

    GL-WF: A lightweight graph learning model for website fingerprinting attacks

    Bo Gao; Weiwei Liu; Guangjie Liu et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Website fingerprinting attacks that analyze clients’ browsing preferences arean important information source for maintaining cybersecurity and improvingbig data utilization in terms of service quality. Many scholars have studiedgraph learning because of its powerful learning and inferential…

  11. Journal Article

    Noncoherent massive SIMO system based on Array partitioning

    Lin Zheng; Huan Meng; Jian-Mei Chen et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This study investigated a noncoherent multiuser single-input multiple-output(SIMO) uplink transmission system based on large-scale array partitioning. Inpractical cases, limitations on the number of array elements and noncoherentdetection make it difficult to resist nonlinear mutual interference…

  12. Journal Article

    Secrecy capacity maximization in autonomous underwater vehicle-enabled underwater acoustic sensor networks

    Xufei Ding; Wen Tian; Xin Sun

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    Data collection plays an essential role in underwater acoustic sensor networks(UASNs). To address the problem of underwater information collection, auton-omous underwater vehicles (AUVs), which are dynamic and easy to repro-gram, are expected to provide a feasible data-gathering solution. In this…

  13. Journal Article

    A novel approach to analyzing and designing dielectric-coated conducting conical antennas with enhanced bandwidth

    Enamul Khan; SK. Moinul Haque; Prasanta Halder et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    A rigorous analysis of a dielectric-coated conical antenna in the presence of aloop is presented in this paper. The poor matching in return loss characteris-tics of an isolated loop antenna has previously been improved using a conduc-tive cone but with a narrow bandwidth. The current approach…

  14. Journal Article

    IRS-aided cognitive radio short-packet communications over Nakagami-m fading channels: BLER analysis and deep learning evaluation

    Tu-Trinh Thi Nguyen; Xuan-Xinh Nguyen

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This study investigates intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted cognitiveradio (CR) short-packet communication (SPC) networks. In the secondarynetwork, a base station communicates with a user with support from an IRS ina Nakagami-m fading environment. We aimed to evaluate the block error…

  15. Journal Article

    Size-agnostic file fragment classification via fixed byte slicing

    Hyeongsik Kim; Sisung Liu; Je Hyeong Hong

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    File fragment classification is an essential task of identifying the file type given an incomplete binary file fragment. Despite their importance, existing deep-learning methods face two key limitations: (1) extensive hyperparameter tuning for varying fragment sizes and (2) considerably degraded…

  16. Journal Article

    Enhancing secrecy in RIS–fountain code-aided multi-cluster satellite–terrestrial NOMA networks under eavesdropping threats

    Nguyen Van Toan; Pham Ngoc Son; Tran Trung Duy et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This paper proposes a hybrid satellite–terrestrial relay network that integrates advanced technologies, such as physical layer security, fountain coding, non-orthogonal multiple access, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), and partial relay selection (PRS). The satellite transmits…

  17. Journal Article

    Artificial magnetic conductor-integrated high-gain quad-port hexagonal antenna for conformal ultra-wideband applications

    Bandi Alekya; Neelaveni Ammal Murugan; Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This article presents a hexagonal multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with dimensions of 60 × 60 × 0.1 mm³ on a flexible substrate operating within the 2–12 GHz frequency range. The design includes a specially engineered defective ground structure that improves inter-element isolation to…

  18. Journal Article

    Operation-level scheduling framework for efficient deep learning inference on embedded systems using directed acyclic graphs

    Mooseop Kim; SuGil Choi; Sungjun Wang et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This study presents an operation-level scheduling framework for efficient deep learning inference on heterogeneous embedded systems. Motivated by the observation that deep neural networks comprise diverse operations in which the execution latency is highly dependent on the target hardware and input…

  19. Journal Article

    Proactive handover optimization via multi-agent deep reinforcement learning in integrated LEO satellite–terrestrial networks for high-mobility terminals

    Huiyeon Jang; Junyoung Kim; In-Sop Cho et al.

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This paper proposes a predictive handover decision framework for optimizing handover planning in integrated low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite–terrestrial networks. To forecast the fluctuations in received signal reference power (RSRP) caused by the high mobility of mobile terminals (MTs) and…

  20. Journal Article

    125-GHz-band RF receiver front end using 40 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology

    Seon-Ho Han; Dong-Woo Kang; Bon-Tae Koo

    ETRI Journal, Vol. 48 No. 4 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

    This paper presents a 125-GHz-band radio-frequency (RF) receiver front end designed for radar applications using 40 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The receiver front-end chip integrates a five-stage single-to-differential low-noise amplifier, transconductance I/Q…