504 results

Transcriptomic subtyping of COVID-19 reveals three distinct immune response profile

Feifei Qiao; Yuhui Zhao; Kaixin Yao et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The current clinical classification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) does not adequately capture the biological heterogeneity observed among patients. To address this gap, the present study aimed to identify distinct subtypes of severe COVID-19 through unsupervised clustering analysis. We…

Roles of T cell subpopulations in thyroid eye disease

Hemlata Bisnauthsing; Kelvin K.L. Chong; Clement C. Tham et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease involving the extraocular tissues. It often occurs in patients with hyperthyroidism or a history of hyperthyroidism; however, it can also occur in euthyroid or hypothyroid patients. The immune cells involved in TED have been vigorously…

Research progress on animal models of autoimmune gastritis

Jiaqi Wang; Xiyan Zhang; Jinna Tao et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by the destruction of gastric parietal cell structure and atrophy of the gastric fundic and body mucosa. The global prevalence of AIG is approximately 3.85%. Its main complications include pernicious anemia, gastric…

Significance of glomerular IgG3 deposition in patients with primary membranous nephropathy

Ming-Xuan Gao; Zhen-Jun Zhao; Hong-Shan Chen et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Primary membranous nephropathy (pMN) is an autoimmune glomerular disease characterized by subepithelial immune complex deposition, involving IgG4 dominant autoantibodies targeting podocyte antigens. Although glomerular IgG3 deposition has been identified in some cases of pMN, its clinical…

Aberrant expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 is involved in the immunopathological mechanism of myasthenia gravis

Zhouyi Wang; Tiancheng Luo; Deyou Peng et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) and TREM-2, cell surface receptors involved in innate and adaptive immunity, exist in soluble (sTREM-1 and sTREM-2) and membrane-bound forms, with the soluble form serve as biomarkers in many immune diseases. However, the role of TREM-1 and…

Identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis by integrative transcriptomic analysis

Jingwei Wang; Xiaochuan Wu; Lanjun Shuai et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The current diagnostic criteria for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) lack specificity. Diagnostic biomarkers are in urgent need to help with the early diagnosis of sJIA. Gene expression data of a JIA cohort study from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was adopted to get hub genes…

Identification of the immune-related diagnostic biomarkers between Graves' disease and thyroid carcinoma based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning

Yanting Zhu; Xiaoyu Qu; Jingying Pan et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Increasing evidence suggests that Graves' disease (GD) may increase the risk of thyroid cancer (THCA), but diagnostic biomarkers associated with it remain underexplored. To address this issue, we analyzed the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) databases, identified 21…

Exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammation–cancer transformation in Hashimoto thyroiditis using single-cell transcriptomics

Mengsha Zou; Shang Shi; Huihui Li et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is closely associated with the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); however, the tumor immune microenvironment and the molecular mechanisms underlying the ʻinflammation-to-cancer’ transition in HT-PTC coexistence remain poorly understood. In this study, we…

Exosomal circ_001895 from lung cancer cells drives M2 macrophage polarization via the miR-20a-5p/JAK1/STAT3 axis to promote tumor progression

Zunqiao Wang; Bin Wang; Yun Gao et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Exosomes play a vital role in cancer cell and tumor microenvironment (TME) crosstalk. M2 macrophages are major immune cells in the TME. However, the effects and molecular mechanisms by which exosomes secreted by lung cancer (LC) cells regulate macrophage polarization during tumor metastasis remain…

The shared mechanisms and potential diagnostic markers for IgA nephropathy and celiac disease

Shaoguo Tao; Xuemei Fan; Xiaoyou Liu et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and celiac disease (CeD) are autoimmune disorders characterized by dysregulated immune responses; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying their comorbidity remain incompletely understood. Here, we integrated transcriptomic datasets from IgAN and CeD to perform…

Correction

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Temporal dynamics of systemic immune cell networks in C57BL/6 mice with collagen-induced arthritis

Liu Liu; Yue Hu; Haoran Liu et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in C57BL/6 (H-2b background) mice provides a valuable model for studying the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the immune mechanism underlying this model remains unclear. This study aims to comprehensively understand the dynamic…

Integrating novel network pharmacology and experimental validation to study the mechanism of Wutou decoction against rheumatoid arthritis

Bojie Chen; Fuqiang Wang; Futao Li et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Wutou decoction (WTD) is a traditional remedy in Chinese medicine for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its active ingredients are complex, and how it counteracts RA is still not clear. The objective of this research was to investigate the key components and targets of WTD action. RA-related…

Global research trends in ferroptosis in autoimmune diseases: a bibliometric and visual analysis (2018−2025)

Ruohui Li; Kaichao Song; Qingbo Chen et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

To systematically examine global research trends in the association between ferroptosis and autoimmune diseases from 2018 to 2025, thereby informing future mechanistic and translational investigations in this field. On March 17, 2026, relevant publications were obtained from the Web of Science Core…

IgA Vasculitis with necrotizing arteritis: a multicenter retrospective study from the French Vasculitis Study Group and systematic review of the literature

Emmanuel Ribereau-Gayon; Amélie Carbonnelle-Puscian; Marie Ottavi et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

IgA vasculitis (IgAV) primarily affects small vessels, but rare cases with necrotizing arteritis (NA) raise questions about overlap with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). To characterize IgAV with necrotizing arteritis (IgAV-NA) and compare its phenotype with classical IgAV and PAN. We performed a…

CCDC77 and SLC45A3 mediate the genetic mechanism of Hashimoto's thyroiditis through IL-6

Rui Wang; Yuhao Jiao; Shengjun Chai et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder with a complex genetic background. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in its pathogenesis, but the genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL)…

Multi-cohort transcriptomic analysis with machine learning identifies interferon-related candidate genes in systemic lupus erythematosus

Aishanjiang Apaer; Alimijiang Aobulitalifu; Jumahong Keyoumu et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with complex molecular mechanisms. Although transcriptomic studies have revealed prominent interferon signatures in SLE, robust prioritization of candidate genes across independent cohorts remains challenging. In this study…

Reducing glucocorticoid burden in lupus with omega-3 fatty acids: docosahexaenoic acid augments prednisone efficacy in maintaining cyclophosphamide-induced remission of preclinical lupus nephritis

Ashley N. Anderson; Olivia F. McDonald; Shayla-Rae S. Johnson et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Managing lupus nephritis (LN) remains challenging due to relapses after immunosuppressive induction and toxicity from long-term glucocorticoid (GC) maintenance therapy. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids prevent LN onset in preclinical models, but their role in maintaining remission post-induction remains…

Targeting IFN signaling as therapeutic option for lupus nephritis

Myriam Meineck; Janine Riepl; Paul Claßen et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

The course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is highly heterogeneous, with clinical manifestations varying considerably among patients and multiple immune pathways implicated in disease progression. Regardless of this variability, lupus nephritis (LN) is a frequent organ manifestation of SLE…

Stage-specific ROMO1 in rheumatoid arthritis: predictive immune insights into the MIF pathway and HLA-DR/IL2RA axis via integrated GWAS, transcriptomic, single-cell, and spatial profiling

Tailin Wang; Jingsong Zhao; Long Xu et al.

Autoimmunity, Vol. 59 No. 1 · 2026 · English · DOAJ Scopus

Emerging evidence links reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1), a key mitochondrial ROS regulator, to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. However, its exact mechanism remains elusive given the conflicting evidence about its specific function. We used a four-level integrative framework…