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حکمت و فلسفه
ISSN 1735-3238 · Allameh Tabataba'i University Press · 617 artikel di indeks
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Language From the Analysis of Dasein to the History of Being: Heidegger and his Thoughts on the Essence of Language
The question of language and the question of Being are two fundamental questions that have accompanied Heidegger since the beginning of his intellectual and philosophical development. However, the way he engages with and reflects upon language differs before and after the fundamental shift in his…
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Analysis of the Philosophical Foundations of William James' Criticism of Reductionism in Religious Studies: The Transition from Medical Materialism to Neurotheology
In this article, with the aim of filling in the gaps between the lines, an attempt is made to explain the transition from extreme reductionism to a non-reductionist explanatory approach. James's method is usually considered pragmatism, but the background of his pragmatic approach must be reread in…
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The relationship between the meaning of life and anti-natalism in David Benatar
This article provides a systematic and logical analysis of David Benatar’s anti-natalist perspective and its relation to the question of life’s meaning. The aim of the study is to examine the logical and ethical foundations of Benatar’s argument concerning the “badness of coming into existence” and…
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Critical Examination of Dawkins’ Biological Reductionism within the Framework of the Gene-Centric Theory and Its Comparison with Mullā Ṣadrā’s Philosophical Anthropology
Dawkins’s gene-centered theory offers an evolutionary account of living beings in which the gene plays a decisive role in shaping behavior and biological structures, and the human being is understood as the product of genetic processes. By emphasizing the mechanism of natural selection, this…
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The Immateriality of the Soul and Mental Agency in Allameh Tabataba’i’s Epistemology and the Challenge of Perception in Artificial Intelligence
This paper critically examines the possibility of cognition in artificial intelligence (AI) from the perspective of Islamic philosophy, focusing on the epistemological foundations laid by ʿAllāmeh Ṭabāṭabāʾī. Central to this analysis are the concepts of the soul’s immateriality, mental agency…
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The Choptiany–Reiman Debate: From Rational Contractarianism to Moral Obligation in Rawls’s Theory of Justice
This study seeks to clarify the ground of moral obligation in Rawls’s theory of justice and to challenge purely contractual interpretations. It argues that Rawls’s theory must be understood within a two-level framework: the rational justification of the principles of justice in the original…
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Value Sensitive Design and Value Alignment: A Pragmatist Sociotechnical System Perspective
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), aligning this technology with human values has become increasingly essential. Value-Sensitive Design (VSD) has emerged as a practical approach to value alignment, attracting considerable scholarly attention. This article evaluates VSD as a…
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The Name as a Work of Art
This paper offers a philosophical investigation into the question of the truth of the name through the hermeneutic framework of Hans-Georg Gadamer. It contends that this question, already articulated in its earliest form within ancient Greek thought—most notably in Plato’s Cratylus—remains…
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A Phenomenological Analysis of the Structure of the “Self” and a Critique of Voluntarism in the Thought of Jiddu Krishnamurti (With an Emphasis on the Paradox of Time and the Feasibility of a Mutation in Consciousness)
Employing a phenomenological and analytical approach, this study explores the structure of the “self” and provides a radical critique of the concept of voluntarism within the intellectual framework of Jiddu Krishnamurti. The central argument of the article is predicated on the premise that the…
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The Possibility of Relativism and Moral Anarchy in Kierkegaard’s Thought: A Study of MacIntyre’s Critiques and Contemporary Responses
This article examines a major criticism of Søren Kierkegaard's moral philosophy: the charge of "ethical anarchy." From an Aristotelian-Thomistic perspective, Alasdair MacIntyre contends that Kierkegaard's emphasis on the "teleological suspension of the ethical" and the primacy of individual faith…
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The Notion of Hyle, Simplicity, and Rationality in Fayyāḍ Lāhījī’s Critical Lens: An Analysis of His Marginalia on Muḥaqqiq Khaffarī’s Taʿlīqāt on Sharḥ al-Tajrīd
IntroductionThe problem of hyle (prime matter) and its simplicity, alongside the criterion of rationality, constitutes a perennial debate in Islamic philosophy, extending from the Aristotelian tradition to the seventeenth century. While Peripatetics like Ibn Sīnā defined hyle as "pure potentiality"…
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From Pragmatism to Evolutionary Love: The Role of Ethics and Religion in the Philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce
Peirce offers conflicting perspectives on the relationship between science, ethics, and religion. On one hand, he considers ethics and religion to be vital realms that can only be grasped through inner feeling and instinct; on the other hand, he occasionally adopts views that run counter to this…
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Critical analysis of the forced origin of will from the point of view of Allameh Jafari (RA)
Predestination and discretion is one of the long-standing topics in the history of human thought. In order to solve the problem of human free will, the will as one of the main foundations of voluntary action has been the focus of philosophers. Philosophers such as Avicenna and Mulla Sadra, by…
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Redefining the concept of natural right in the thought of Leo Strauss and its Relationship to education
The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between the concept of natural law and education in the thought of Leo Strauss. According to Strauss, the structure of modern philosophy is linked to the foundations of relativist and historicist thinking. This has caused the definition of…
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The examination of Kripke's view on the problem of empty names
In this article, we will explain and examine Saul Kripke's views on the problem of empty names, by focuing on his book Naming and Necessity. The first and more detailed section of the article discusses Kripke's ideas in depth. He begins by addressing the problems of empty names, then presents and…
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A philosophical analysis of the concept of forgiveness and its relationship with forgetting, with an emphasis on the critique and analysis of Nietzsche's argument against forgiveness.
One of the manifestations of a person's benevolence is when he decides to forgive a wrongdoer who has wronged him. Proponents of the healing view of forgiveness, due to the destructive effect of resentment, believe that forgiveness frees and strengthens both the forgiver and the forgiven…
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An Inquiry into the Concept of Genre in Hirsch's Hermeneutic Theory
In his hermeneutic theory, E.D. Hirsch emphasizes the issue of validity in text interpretation. Consequently, he links the understanding of a text's meaning with the comprehension of the author's intended meaning as the criterion of truth. According to Hirsch, since meaning is once determined by…
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Existential Communication in Karl Jaspers' Thought: A Path to the Authentic Selfhood
This research examines the concept of existential communication in the thought of Karl Jaspers, its importance in human life, and its role in self-awareness and existential transcendence, using the method of conceptual analysis of the type of interpretation and conceptual development. Existential…
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The nature of dialogue in Richard Rorty's thought and its requirements in education
this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the nature of dialogue in Richard Rorty's thought and deducing the principles and methods of education based on dialogue.Method: To investigate the nature of dialogue in Rorty's thought, the method of transcendental logical analysis was…
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Schopenhauer's view of religion:Religion as a means of liberation from suffering
Schopenhauer presents suffering as a fundamental and inevitable feature of human existence, resulting from a blind and aimless will. In this framework, religion is presented as a means to reduce and alleviate this suffering. Schopenhauer sees religion not as a metaphysical truth, but as a social…