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Scientific Drilling
Scopus
ISSN 1816-8957 · Copernicus Publications · 608 articles in the index
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Recommendations for using core X-ray fluorescence data on basaltic rock as a tool to assess compositional variability
Portable and core-scanning X-ray fluorescence (XRF) instruments have become increasingly utilized in making rapid, non-destructive chemical characterizations with high spatial resolution on a range of materials. Since basaltic cores are often highly fractured and uneven, portable XRF (pXRF) is…
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Real-time unwrapping of 3D X-ray CT scans for visual core description
X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scanning is routinely conducted on board the drilling vessel Chikyu for scientific expeditions. A rapid visualization method, developed during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 405, unwraps XCT images to enable the early characterization of…
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Follow the CO2 – drilling into an actively degassing intraplate volcano underlain by a silicate–carbonatite intrusion
The Eifel region of Germany hosts hundreds of distributed volcanoes of Quaternary age in an intracontinental setting. This includes many maar volcanoes, for which the Eifel is the type locality. Laacher See volcano in the eastern part of the region stands out as a sizable (erupted volume of 6.3 km3…
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Where are the lake deposits? Two atypical overdeepening fills from the Rhine Glacier lobe in southwestern Germany
During the Pleistocene, the Alpine landscape and its surroundings were repeatedly reshaped by glacial cycles. Subglacial erosion carved out overdeepened basins into bedrock. Their sedimentary fillings are important archives for understanding the glacial impact on environmental transformation and…
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GRIND-ECT: geological research through integrated Neoproterozoic drilling – Ediacaran–Cambrian transition
GRIND (Geological Research through Integrated Neoproterozoic Drilling), sponsored by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), aims to create a core archive of the Neoproterozoic Era via three phases: Tonian (GRIND-TON), Cryogenian (GRIND-CRY), and Ediacaran–Cambrian…
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Initial results from a Trans-Amazon Drilling Project core from the Acre Basin of Brazil
The Trans-Amazon Drilling Project (TADP) is reconstructing the late Cenozoic history of Amazonian geology, climate, rivers, and forests. Drilling in the Acre Basin of western Brazil in 2023 recovered an 860 m drill core characterized by sediments that were deposited in a large paleo-river system…
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Non-destructive core visualization using X-ray computed tomography scan and its implementation into the core workflow on D/V Chikyu
X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scans are one of the first measurements performed after the recovery of cores during expeditions using the drilling vessel (D/V) Chikyu. Despite their completeness and availability, XCT scan data have not been effectively utilized for routine visual core description…
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An interdisciplinary approach to sampling hard rock cores of the oceanic crust for microbiological and biogeochemical research
Studying life in the deep, rocky subseafloor involves many layers of technological and methodological challenges, and each drilling project or expedition must make a series of choices to address these challenges. We report on the workflow for sampling hard rock cores for microbiological and…
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The ICDP Nam Co Drilling Project (NamCore), Tibet: a 510.2 m sedimentary record from the Third Pole
The Nam Co Drilling Project (NamCore) is a multinational and interdisciplinary research initiative designed to understand long-term climatic variability and associated environmental change on the Tibetan Plateau. The project primarily targets the timing and magnitude of Indian/East Asian monsoon…
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An urban energy laboratory for monitoring and better understanding of subsurface processes related to low-enthalpy geothermal heat production – UrbEnLab
Low-enthalpy geothermal heat production is becoming increasingly common, which leads to the potentially competitive use of the available subsurface space, especially in densely populated urban areas. A specific challenge presented by the high density of different geothermal systems is understanding…
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Scientific deep drilling in the Chew Bahir basin: advantages and pitfalls of two overlapping sediment cores
Chew Bahir, a lake that is dry for most of the year, located in a tectonic basin in the southern Ethiopian Rift, was the target of several scientific drilling expeditions between 2009 and 2014. The aim of these expeditions was to explore the basin and its lake sediments as an archive of past…
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Geochemical and structural indicators for hydrothermal fluid migration: a case study in the Bushveld Complex
The Bushveld Complex is a renowned crystalline igneous intrusion, with various hypotheses regarding its origin. However, the role of post-magmatic hydrothermal fluids in its evolution remains underexplored. The present hydrogeological study, based on data derived from a deep exploration well…
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The RISeR cores: unexpected and extensive Middle Pleistocene terrestrial stratigraphy in the southern North Sea
The Rates of Interglacial Sea-level Change and Responses (RISeR) project, funded by the European Research Council, seeks to interrogate Earth system responses to Quaternary climate variability using sedimentary archives preserved in the southern North Sea. Fundamental to the project is the…
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Hand-operated fully reproducible static blade core opening bench
The EDYTEM Manual Core Opening Bench (MCOB) is a manually operated tool designed for opening soft sediment cores. This reproducible device was inspired by several existing, but as yet unpublished, models and was developed to ensure clean and precise cuts without contamination from plastic debris…
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Unearthing the climate history of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile – deep drilling in two clay pans of the Coastal Cordillera
The Atacama Desert is one of the driest deserts on Earth, with a predominantly hyperarid climate since at least the Miocene. Geological evidence, however, indicates that this overall hyperaridity was repeatedly interrupted by wetter periods. Deep-time precipitation reconstructions of the Atacama…
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Paleogene Earth perturbations in the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (PEP-US): coring transects of hyperthermals to understand past carbon injections and ecosystem responses
The release of over 4500 Gt (gigatonnes) of carbon at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary provides the closest geological analog to modern anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The cause(s) of and responses to the resulting Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and attendant carbon isotopic excursion (CIE)…
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CALDERA: a scientific drilling concept to unravel Connections Among Life, geo-Dynamics and Eruptions in a Rifting Arc caldera, Okataina Volcanic Centre, Aotearoa New Zealand
Silicic caldera volcanoes present major volcanic and seismic hazards but also host dynamic hydrothermal and groundwater systems and a rich but largely unexplored subsurface biosphere. Many of these volcanoes are hosted in rift settings. The intricate connections and feedbacks among magmatism…
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International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) workshop on the Fucino paleolake project: the longest continuous terrestrial archive in the MEditerranean recording the last 5 Million years of Earth system history (MEME)
During the last 5 million years (Pliocene–Holocene), the Earth climate system has undergone a series of marked changes, including (i) the shift from the Pliocene warm state to the Pleistocene cold state with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation; (ii) the evolution of the frequency…
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A comprehensive crosshole seismic experiment in glacial sediments at the ICDP DOVE site in the Tannwald Basin
Glaciers have shaped the Alpine landscape by carving deep valleys and depositing sediments to form overdeepened basins. Understanding these processes provides information on the evolution of the climate and landscape. One such overdeepened structure is the Tannwald Basin (ICDP site 5068_1) north of…
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Workshop report: Afar Dallol Drilling – ONset of sedimentary processes in an active rift basin (ADD-ON)
Rifts and rifted margins form when continents break apart and shape the continent-to-ocean transition on much of our planet. The sedimentary basins that result from continental rifting host unique sedimentary archives of palaeo-environmental and palaeo-climatic change required to understand complex…