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Galilæana
Scopus
ISSN 1825-3903 · Museo Galileo · 75 articles in the index
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Journal Article
The solar eclipse of 1654 in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: astrological prognosis, discussion, and the war
The French historian Élisabeth Labrousse dedicated a monograph to the solar eclipse of 1654, an event that sparked widespread debate and panic across Europe, including in Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. This study examines predictions related to the eclipse in: the work of Andrea Argoli…
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Journal Article
Paolo Falconieri: lettere a Vincenzio Viviani
L’articolo tratta di un manipolo di lettere di Paolo Falconieri, letterato e referente dei principi di Casa Medici a Roma, conservate nel fondo galileiano della Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze e trattano vari argomenti tra i quali alcuni anche aspetti della vita familiare. Tra i personaggi…
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Descartes and the law of refraction
Historical research on refraction in the modern era has often focused on the question of attributing the law of refraction to Descartes, Snel and Harriott. The discovery of Ibn Sahl’s work has put an end to the dispute over priority between these authors, leaving another problem largely unnoticed…
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Galileo tra gli Scolopi: l’esperimento della Scuola di Matematica a Firenze
Il saggio ricostruisce l’eccezionale esperimento educativo condotto dagli scolopi a Firenze nella prima metà del Seicento, con la fondazione della scuola di matematica ispirata al pensiero galileiano. In un contesto culturale dominato dall’aristotelismo e da forti resistenze ecclesiastiche…
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An outline of Celestino Cominale’s (1722–1785) critique of Isaac Newton’s natural philosophical method
This essay examines Celestino Cominale’s (1722–1785) self-proclaimed ‘anti-Newtonianism’. Between 1754 and 1770, Cominale published four volumes under the title of Anti-Newtonianismi, in which he launched a sustained attack on Newton’s natural philosophy. Despite a modest resurgence of interest in…
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The several faces and the interlaced roots of the “New Algebra”
Who compares Euler’s algebra with that of al-Khwārizmī will see more differences than kinship. Al-Khwārizmī uses natural language, while Euler calculates within the syntax of algebraic symbolism. Al-Khwārizmī has a single unknown (a word), Euler as many as he needs, represented by non-linguistic…
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Everything in its right place: Francesco Maurolico and the classification of the sciences
European Renaissance was characterized by an unprecedented growth of information determined by discoveries of ancient texts and distant places, technological advancements, and a new attitude towards human culture and history. This growth urged scholars to reconsider the traditional schemas used to…
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Clavius’ edition of Euclid’s Elements: A computational approach
Christoph Clavius’ Latin translation of Euclid’s Elements is studied by applying standard and less standard tools of computational linguistics. Clavius’ lexical choices are compared with the relevant Greek and Latin editions and translations. We shall thereby assess Clavius’ treatment of Latin…
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Johann Scheubel, Wilhelm Xylander and the numerical treatment of Euclidean geometry in early modern Europe
The Latin and German commentaries on the first six books of the Elements by Johann Scheubel (1494–1570), professor at the University of Tübingen, and Wilhelm Xylander (1532–1576), professor at the University of Heidelberg, stand out within the sixteenth-century Euclidean tradition by their…
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Journal Article
The influence of practical arithmetic on the emergence of proto-symbolic algebra: A long-run survey
The development of what we may term “proto-symbolic algebra” was profoundly shaped by the tradition of practical arithmetic, particularly as it evolved through abacus mathematics. Within this milieu, algebraic problem-solving techniques became increasingly sophisticated, and symbolic…
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Rediscovering Apollonius in the Renaissance: Francesco Maurolico and Federico Commandino
The sixteenth-century revival of Greek mathematics followed multiple – often divergent – paths. This paper explores the distinct yet complementary approaches of Francesco Maurolico and Federico Commandino to Apollonius’ Conics, focusing on the editorial strategies and innovations each introduced in…
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Mathematical thought in the Renaissance and the genesis of modern mathematics
This article argues that the Renaissance rediscovery of Greek mathematics functioned both as a stimulus to renewal and as a powerful constraint. The classical paradigm was not simply revived: it had to be reorganized and reinterpreted, yet its internal grammar – marked by tensions between form and…
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Virgo, Mater, Nutrix. Women in the writings of a doctor from Arezzo in the 17th century: Emilio Vezzosi (1563-1637)
This article aims to highlight philosophical and scientific thought in both published and unpublished writings by Emilio Vezzosi, a physician from Arezzo. The article concerns the role of women in society and their education in the early modern age. Women as objects of investigation occupy a large…
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Inner discourse as philosophical debate in Margaret Cavendish
Despite being the first woman to attend a meeting of the Royal Society, Margaret Cavendish (1623-1673) was denied membership. Her exclusion from these inner circles prevented her from participating in rigorous debates about her work and the work of her contemporaries. Although she was not invited…
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“The highest and deepest speculations of the mind”: The Digbys and Familial Experimental Partnerships in Early Modern England
This project examines the life and experimental/ domestic writing of Venetia Digby (née Stanley; 1600-1633), including the context of her marriage to Sir Kenelm Digby, an original member of the Royal Society. Women like Venetia are often lost to history beyond their social and familial roles. She…
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Experimenting with new ingredients for health: Asian plants in women’s recipe books in early modern Britain
This paper explores the role of early modern British women in incorporating Asian plants into healthcare practices. As plant circulation across Eurasia increased, knowledge of medicinal ingredients evolved, especially those from Asia. While physicians and botanists copied and translated recipes…
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Framing the “Tenth Muse”: Gendered strategies of intellectual legitimacy in the case of Maria Selvaggia Borghini (1654-1731)
Maria Selvaggia Borghini (1654-1731) occupies a unique position in the intellectual landscape of seventeenth century Tuscany. A poet of considerable acclaim, she was also deeply engaged with the scientific culture of her time, particularly through her correspondence with leading scholars such as…