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Flaubert: Revue Critique et Génétique
ISSN 1969-6191 · Institut des Textes & Manuscrits Modernes (ITEM) · 400 artikel di indeks
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La fidélité au prisme de l’ironie : lecture croisée de L’Envers de l’histoire contemporaine de Balzac et de L’Éducation sentimentale de Flaubert
The novelistic representation of fidelity, increasingly depreciated in 19th century society, raises aesthetic, ethical and ontological questions through the use of irony. My aim is to show it with a comparative reading of two novels, L’Envers de l’histoire contemporaine and L’Éducation sentimentale…
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Orages, tempêtes et parapluies : le para-romantisme de Flaubert
This article seeks to conceptualize Flaubert as a para-romantic writer by analyzing storms and tempests, traditionally privileged motifs of Romantic aesthetics. It argues that the recurring figure of the umbrella—an intrinsically anti-Romantic object—systematically undermines the sublime…
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Le discours féministe de L’Éducation sentimentale : autour des femmes de 1848
This article examines the representation of feminism in L’Éducation sentimentale focusing on the feminist character la Vatnaz. Amélie Bosquet criticizes this representation, with some scholars viewing this figure as a satirical reduction of feminism. However, a letter from Flaubert to Alfred Darcel…
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Égalité, comique, modernité : sur l’esthétique de Flaubert
Flaubert's work was accused of practicing an egalitarian and democratic style by the most reactionary critics of his time. This accusation, which may seem groundless at first glance, actually reflects a fundamental aspect of Flaubertian aesthetics. The choice of literary modernity leads the writer…
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Flaubert lecteur de Michelet : de l’Histoire de la Révolution française à L’Éducation sentimentale
This article aims to compare two texts, Flaubert’s L’Éducation sentimentale and Michelet’s Histoire de la Révolution française, thereby shedding new light on the relationship between these two writers. Flaubert drew inspiration from a page of Michelet’s Histoire de la Révolution française to write…
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Flaubert et l’ethos romantique
Flaubert had a past as a young Romantic, but upon his return from the Near East, his aesthetic sensibilities shifted. He then criticized the Romanticism of the heart (that of Lamartine and Musset) while retaining an admiration for Hugo and Byron. He became friends with Baudelaire and, above all…
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Flaubert, Byron et le romantisme français
This article aims to shed light on Flaubert's aesthetic evolution, starting with his change of opinion on Lord Byron and Romantic Byronism. In this respect, the British poet sometimes serves as a model, sometimes as a counter-model in his correspondence and early works. If the Byronic posture was…
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La Tentation de saint Antoine et la pensée romantique
Flaubert dreams of a great synthesis in his youth. Through his reading notes on Hegel and Creuzer, we consider the romantic aspect of The Temptation of saint Anthony, the work that brings together two of the writer’s tendencies, the fantastic and the metaphysical. On the subject of Indian art…
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À chacun sa chimère : Flaubert et Baudelaire
This article compares the dialogue between the sphinx and the chimera in the second version of The Temptation of Saint Anthony (1856) and the poem « To Each His Own Chimera ». It examines the mythological and symbolic resonances of the two creatures, and it explores the ambiguous status of…
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Les encriers de Flaubert et la querelle du tripode (1931)
In 2023, the Rouen library acquired a set of documents (letters and certificates) relating to an object that belonged to the niece Caroline and was sold in 1931 under the disputed title of “Flaubert's inkwell”. We are taking this opportunity to publish these archives, to put them in the context of…
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Quelques remarques sur temps et vitesse
What is the speed of a text? What is the relationship between represented speed and representative speed? How can we approach the tempo of reading? To answer these questions, Philippe Hamon explores the novels of Flaubert and the 19th century, offering an overview of the kinetic stakes of…
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Le discours narrativisé, un accélérateur du tempo flaubertien ?
Anne-Marie Paillet demonstrates how narrativized speech accelerates Flaubert’s tempo, serving for irony or humor. Through stylistic analysis of this speed effect, supported by drafts, she highlights the reductive choice of verbs for the burlesque summary of Phedre’s tirade in Bouvard et Pécuchet…
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Raconter rallentando : ralentis narratifs et lecture empathique chez Flaubert
This article examines three techniques employed by Flaubert to decelerate the narrative tempo: adverbial modifiers, pronominal constructions, and anaphoric pronouns. These are analyzed through recurring and significant patterns: the adverb "lentement," associated with non-decomposable verbal…
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Rhapsodie flaubertienne. Le tempo discursif dans Madame Bovary
Flaubert’s literary practice reveals his obsessive desire for a sentence that must be like a ‘good verse, unchanging, as rhythmic, as sonorous’. This work of stylistic finesse is interwoven with the work of representing the characters’speech. By focusing on enunciative tempo, we want to examine how…
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Genèse et tempo dans Salammbô
This article examines the genesis and aesthetic functioning of the phrase au nom de X / à ce nom in Salammbô. It has a dynamizing, even accelerating, power in the narration, and this tempo-adjusting role is directly linked to enunciative issues: Au nom de X enables various twists in the enunciative…
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Donner forme aux temps modernes. Sur le tempo dans L’Éducation sentimentale
This article aims to explore the connections established by critics between Flaubert’s writing and some of the technical innovations of his time. Our focus will be particularly on how speed is represented, as well as on the ways in which new inventions – namely photography, the railway and the…
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À propos de La Rançon
In its original manuscript form, Baudelaire’s poem ‘The Ransom’ had a fifth stanza that would later disappear when it was published. And in a list of poems drawn up by Baudelaire himself, the title ‘The Ransom’ was accompanied by explanatory terms in brackets: ‘mitigated socialism’. In this…
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Unité et fragmentation chez Baudelaire
In his art criticism of the 1840s, Baudelaire sought, by emphasising the importance of colour over drawing, a parallel between the artistic unity created by a superior artist and the collective unity of artists who gather around a master. However, from the 1850s onwards, he was not always seeking…