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Comparative Theology
ISSN 2008-9651 · University of Isfahan · 526 artikel di indeks
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A Comparative Study of the Manifestation of Man in Christianity and the Religion of the Righteous on the Perfection of Man
The Religion of the Righteous emerged in the early centuries of the Islamic calendar in western Iran, particularly among the Kurdish people. Although this religion traces its origins to a sect that diverged from Islam, many of its teachings reflect the influence of ancient religious traditions…
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A Qualitative Approach to Understanding Religion in the Thought of Mohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi and Mostafa Malekian
Religion has always been regarded as one of the fundamental pillars of legitimacy and governance in post-revolutionary Iran. Consequently, various theoretical and discursive efforts have emerged to understand, interpret, and reexamine religion, among which two major currents—“traditional Islam” and…
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The Role of Private Evidence in Avoiding Epistemic Suspension of Judgment (Agnosticism) Regarding the Existence of God
According to the evidentialist approach, one’s final position on a proposition emerges from the balance between supporting and opposing evidence, and justifying that proposition requires considering (or weighing) all available evidence. Unlike theists and atheists—who interpret evidence to favor…
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A Comparative Study of Apostasy in Zoroastrianism and Islam Based on Pahlavi Literature of the Sassanid Period and the Early Islamic Centuries
Apostasy has been a controversial issue in many religions, particularly among monotheistic faiths. This study investigates the historical and jurisprudential aspects of apostasy in Zoroastrianism and Islam, drawing upon Pahlavi sources from the Sassanian era and early Islamic centuries, as well as…
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Holy Protest in the Face of the Psychologically Devastating Effects of Illness
The theology of protest is a contemporary theological trend that emerged in the aftermath of the Holocaust, emphasizing humanity's right to protest and lament before God in the face of evil and suffering. This article adopts a comparative-analytical approach to examine the theoretical foundations…
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A Comparative Study of Ghiyath al-Din Dashtaki’s and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli’s Views on the Factors of Spiritual Wayfaring from a Foundational Perspective
The spiritual journey in Islamic wisdom aims at reaching the highest stage of perfection, which is direct intuitive knowledge of the Divine Reality. Achieving this goal demands accurate cognition, spiritual refinement, and guidance under a qualified master. This study examines the factors…
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Beyond Religious Governance and Governance over Religion: Seeking a Third Way in the Thought of Spinoza and Allamah Tabataba'i
This study conducts a comparative-synthetic rereading of the controversial relationship between religion and government in the thought of Baruch Spinoza and Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai. The main research question moves beyond mere comparison to ask: How can a dialogue between the two…
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A Philosophical Reassessment of Cosmic Unity with an Emphasis on the Dialectic of Reason and Matter in Stoic Cosmology
This study offers a philosophical reassessment of cosmic unity, emphasizing the dialectical interplay between reason and matter within Stoic cosmology. It aims to elucidate the interactive dynamics between Logos and matter as the active and passive principles structuring existence. Unlike the…
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The Scope of the State of Muraqaba in the Thought of Rumi and ʿIzz al-Din Kashani (With Emphasis on Masnavi Maʿnavi and Miṣbaḥ al-Hidayah)
Muraqaba is one of the foundational states (aḥwal) of the mystical path, signifying the servant’s certitude of God’s constant watch over the inner self, as well as the vigilant monitoring of one’s own deeds, behaviors, and blameworthy thoughts. This study, using a descriptive-comparative method…
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A Holistic and Methodical Approach to Determining the Role of the Bible in Understanding Islamic Narrations, With a Focus on Interpretive Narrations
The present study aims to scrutinize the role of the Bible in the understanding of Islamic narrations, employing a holistic and methodical approach. In this respect, the authors find that alteration/distortion (Tahrif) has not affected all parts of these religious texts, and “interreligious…
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Personality of Christ: A Comparative Study of the Roles of Davidic, Aaronic, and Prophetic in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Four Gospels
This research examines the comparative characterization of three messianic-Davidic roles (the royal dimension), Aaronic (the priestly dimension), and prophetic in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Four Gospels. The aim of the study is to clarify the different types of messianic expectations and how…
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Analyzing the Status of People in Shi'a Theology Based on the Principle of Rational Good and Bad (Husn wa Qubh Aqli)
This research aims to analyze the position of people within the Shi'a theological system by examining the principle of intellectual good and evil (ḥusn wa qubḥ ‘aqli) and its impact on the human-God relationship. This study, employing an analytical-descriptive approach, scrutinizes traditional…
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From Descent to Transcendence: A Comparative Study of the Mystical Views of Boehme and Ibn Arabi on the Fall of Adam and Its Role in Education and Spiritual Wayfaring
This research presents a comparative analysis of the concept of "human descent" (Hebut) in the mystical systems of Jacob Boehme, the German Christian mystic, and Ibn Arabi, the Andalusian Muslim mystic. The study interprets descent not merely as a historical event but as an ontological and…
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Mani and the Angel Twin, Apostle of Yazdan and Crown Prince of Jesus Christ: A Comparative Study of Sources and Revisions of Some Previous Viewpoints
The present philological-textual study, after evaluating and comparing various Syriac, Middle Persian, Parthian, Greek, Latin, Coptic, and Chinese sources, tries to show with what concepts and under what epithets Mani identified himself with his twin and angel of revelation, Syr. taumā (MP…
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Atheism of Female Characters in Selected Novels of the Seventies and Eighties AH
One of the problems in the field of ideology is atheism, which manifests itself with a kind of disbelief or disobedience. The modern era has faced a modernist challenge to religious belief due to its tendency towards rationality, experience, and scientism. Some intellectuals have contributed to…
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Mulla Sadra’s Innovation Compared to Ibn Sina in the Ontological Explanation of Ethics
Human ethics are fundamental elements in shaping personality, and their philosophical explanation is essential. This study examines Mulla Sadra’s ontological approach in contrast to Ibn Sina’s essentialist perspective on the explanation of ethics. According to Ibn Sina, ethics are accidental…
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Augustine’s Narrative and Critique of Arian Christology (With an Emphasis on the Treatise on the Arian Sermon and its Refutation)
Since its earliest centuries, Christianity has faced various doctrinal challenges, among which Arianism posed a significant threat to the orthodox understanding of Christ’s divinity and His relationship with the Father. Arius, relying on both New Testament passages and rational arguments, proposed…
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An Examination of the Applications and Challenges of Aesthetic Theology in Ethical, Social, and Spiritual Domains
In examining the applications of aesthetic theology in the moral and spiritual realms, several important aspects can be noted that indicate the deep connection between beauty, ethics, and spirituality. Aesthetics, as a branch of philosophy, studies the nature of beauty and taste, and in this…
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Revisiting the Concept of “God-born” in the Testaments and The Manner of Confronting It
The word "God-born" meaning claiming or thinking of being the child of God and being from his generation can be seen in some of the ancient texts left over from different human civilizations, the Testaments and the Holy Quran. These records show the interests and attractions that have been…
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A Comparative Study of the Relationship Between Humans and God in the Philosophy of Ibn Bajja, Plato, and Farabi
In the Zoroastrian religion, marriage has a special importance and position, and every Zoroastrian is obliged to get married and form a family in order to keep the name (nāmagānȋh) and the heart of the family alive. In addition, the preservation of family property is also very important, and family…