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Metals
Scopus
ISSN 2075-4701 · MDPI AG · 15,241 articles in the index
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Journal Article
The Influence of Applying PVD Coatings on Adhesion Wear Resistance of Quenching and Tempering Steels
The article examines the effect of different types of two-layer nanostructured coatings (cVIc and nACVIc) deposited on three types of steel substrates, 45S20, C45E, and 42CrMo4, to determine the resistance to adhesive wear of the substrate/coating system. The samples underwent different heat…
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Large Language Models for High-Entropy Alloys: Literature Mining, Design Orchestration, and Evaluation Standards
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) present a fundamental design paradox: their exceptional properties arise from complex, high-dimensional composition–process–microstructure–property (CPMP) relationships, yet the knowledge needed to navigate this space is fragmented across a vast and unstructured…
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A Numerical Simulation on the Melting Behavior of Ferrochrome Alloy in Molten Steel
Ferrochrome alloy is a crucial additive in steelmaking, significantly enhancing the strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance of steel; investigating the melting behavior of ferrochrome alloy could provide a theoretical foundation for producing stainless steel with improved properties. To gain…
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Separation Strategies for Indium Recovery: Exploring Solvent Extraction, Ion-Exchange, and Membrane Methods
Indium is a strategically important metal, essential for the production of transparent conductive oxides, flat panel displays, thin-film photovoltaics, and advanced optoelectronic devices. Due to its limited natural abundance and its occurrence in trace amounts alongside other metals in both…
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Research on a High-Quality Welding Method for Multi-Layer Aluminum Foil Current Collectors Based on Laser Power Control
Reliable joining of multi-layer aluminum foil current collectors is crucial for enhancing the performance and safety of high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. However, laser welding of such thin-thick aluminum combinations is often hindered by porosity, cracks and unstable weld-pool behavior. In this…
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Effect of the Welding Electrode Geometry on the Peak Load, Energy Absorption, Fracture Type, and Microstructure of Resistance Spot-Welded Dissimilar Ultra-High Strength MS1500 and SPFC590 Steels
In the present study, the effects of electrode geometry and welding current on the tensile-shear strength, failure energy, fracture type, and joint microstructure were investigated during the RSW of ultra-high-strength MS1500 steel to high-strength low-alloy SPFC590 steel, both 1.2 mm in thickness…
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Metallic Functional Materials: Development and Applications
Metallic functional materials have become a strategic focus in contemporary material research, driven by the rising demand for intelligent, adaptive, and high-performance systems across energy conversion, aerospace actuation, biomedical devices, and next-generation flexible or…
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Hot-Formed, High-Strength, Integrated Automotive Parts: Numerical Analysis and Process Optimization
Hot-forming, as a typical representative forming technology of high-strength steel (HSS), is one of the most effective ways to manufacture structural components for achieving automotive lightweighting goal. In this paper, a newly-developed commercial microalloyed hot-formed steel is selected and…
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High-Temperature Mechanical Properties and Friction-Wear Performance of CrAlN Coatings Prepared by Arc Ion Plating via Mo Doping
CrAlN coatings are widely used for surface protection because of their excellent properties. Alloying with additional elements has been shown to effectively modify mechanical and tribological behavior of these coatings. In this study, CrAlMoxN coatings (x = 0–18.83 at%) were prepared by an arc ion…
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Accelerated Optimization of Superalloys by Integrating Thermodynamic Calculation Data with Machine Learning Models: A Reference Alloy Approach
The multi-objective optimization of multicomponent superalloys has long been impeded by not only the complex interactions among multiple elements but also the low efficiency and high cost of traditional trial-and-error methods. To address this issue, this study proposed a thermodynamic calculation…
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Effect of Weld Surface Quality on the Fatigue Performance of Q420 Steel Used in Offshore Wind Tower Tube
The size of offshore wind turbine towers is increasing, and they are subjected to larger and more complex loads, which imposes more stringent requirements on the fatigue performance of welded plates in new offshore wind turbine towers. This study investigated the axial fatigue performance of 25 mm…
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Path Optimization of Laser Welding for Large-Scale Tube-to-Tubesheet
To address issues of residual stress concentration and deformation in large-scale multi-seam laser welding of tube-to-tubesheet, we established a 12 mm thick Q235 steel simulation model. The model considers the material’s high-temperature performance and mechanical properties. We designed three…
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Slip Irreversibility, Microplasticity, and Fatigue Cracking Mechanism in Near-α and α + β Titanium Alloys
The micromechanisms “slip transfer, slip irreversibility, microplasticity, and fatigue cracking” in titanium alloys are reviewed, with a special emphasis on near-α and α + β alloys. As the interplay between slip activity, microplasticity, and fatigue cracking governs both the microscale and…
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Effect of Heat Treatment Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Mg-8Gd-1Y-2Sm-1.2Zn-0.5Mn Alloy
This study investigates the as-cast Mg-8Gd-1Y-2Sm-1.2Zn-0.5Mn (wt.%) alloy with high rare-earth content. Solution treatments were conducted at 480 °C, 520 °C, and 560 °C for 6–10 h. Microstructure and mechanical properties were characterized using OM, XRD, SEM-EDS, and compression testing. The…
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Technological and Chemical Drivers of Zinc Coating Degradation in DX51d+Z140 Cold-Formed Steel Sections
This study investigates the technological and chemical causes of early zinc-coating degradation on cold-formed steel sections produced from DX51D+Z140 galvanized coils. Commercially manufactured products exhibiting early corrosion symptoms were used in this study. The entire processing route, which…
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Effects of Combined Cr, Mn, and Zr Additions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al–6Cu Alloys Under Various Heat Treatment Conditions
This study investigates the synergistic effects of Cr–Zr and Mn–Zr additions on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Al–6 wt.%Cu alloys. Alloys were designed with solute concentrations positioned below, near, and above their maximum solubility limits, and were evaluated under…
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Corrosion Properties and Performance of Nanostructured Multilayered Chromium–Amorphous Carbon Coatings on HS6-5-2 Steel
Magnetron-sputtered coatings consisting of multiple alternating layers of chromium and amorphous carbon (Cr/a-C)ml were deposited on HS6-5-2 steel with an intermediate chromium layer by varying deposition rates. Three series of coatings, S1, S2, and S3, with thicknesses of 1.74, 1.15, and 1.14 μm…
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On Microstructure Evolution and Magnetic Properties of Annealed FeNiCrMn Alloy
Fe-Ni-based alloys have attracted attention due to their potential for applications such as transmission line de-icing, where the core requirements include a Curie temperature near the freezing point and sufficient saturation magnetization. Accordingly, this study designed an Fe-29Ni-2Cr-1.5Mn…
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Parallel Hybrid Modeling of Al–Mg–Si Tensile Properties Using Density-Based Weighting
A hybrid modeling framework for predicting the mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si alloys, that blends physics-based and machine-learning models, is developed and tested. Motivated by a demand for post-consumer material (PCM) content in wrought aluminium applications, this work proposes, analyses…
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Predicting the Ti-Al Binary Phase Diagram with an Artificial Neural Network Potential
The microstructure of the Ti-Al binary system is an area of great interest, as it affects material properties and plasticity. Phase transformations induce microstructural changes; therefore, accurately modeling the phase transformations of the Ti-Al system is necessary to describe plasticity…
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