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Fossil Record
Scopus
ISSN 2193-0074 · Pensoft Publishers · 641 artikel di indeks
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Revealing elasmobranch diversity across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in the Central Tethys (Byala, Bulgaria)
Extensive bulk-sampling of the continuous K-Pg succession at Byala (Central Tethys) provides high-resolution insights into elasmobranch responses to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction of a deep-marine environmental setting. The studied section represents a rhythmic alternation of marls and marly…
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Locomotor reassessment of Iguanodon, Ouranosaurus and Lurdusaurus (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda) using osteological correlates
Large ornithopod dinosaurs have been successively described as quadrupeds, bipeds and facultative bipeds. Here we study the case of three ankylopollexians (Iguanodon bernissartensis, Ouranosaurus nigeriensis and Lurdusaurus arenatus) for which locomotion remains debated. We examine in detail their…
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Skeletal growth pattern of Protoentactinia gracilispinosa Kozur, Mostler & Repetski, 1996, a late Cambrian - Early Ordovician radiolarian species, revealed by X-ray tomography
Micro-computed tomography is increasingly important for the taxonomic analysis of early Palaeozoic radiolarians. It provides an opportunity to conduct detailed observations of the most internal parts of radiolarian skeletons in a non-destructive way. Our observations on 3D models of the species…
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Considerations on the taxonomy of Late Jurassic Avialae (Theropoda) from the Solnhofen Archipelago
The iconic Archaeopteryx still represents the oldest known volant avialan, but its taxonomic history is complex. Several avialan specimens from the Solnhofen Archipelago have been variously assigned to distinct genera, most recently, the Haarlem and Mühlheim specimens. A recent reinterpretation…
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The oldest Naibiomorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera): new fossil from NW China with implications for their early evolution
The early morphology and evolution of Naibiomorpha, an extinct infraorder of Sternorrhyncha, remain poorly understood due to scarce fossil material. Herein, we report the oldest known representative of this infraorder: a new specimen of Dracaphis angustata from the Tongchuan Formation (Ladinian…
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Deciduous dentition and ontogenetic development of the skull and teeth of Chilotherium (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Miocene of Eurasia
The hornless rhinoceros genus Chilotherium is characterised by high taxonomic complexity, with more than 30 species having been included in the genus at some point. This frequently prevents the identification of incomplete material, which has historically limited understanding of the genus’s…
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The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns
The Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian Central Paratethys stage) plant assemblage of Graz-Andritz comprises isolated leaves and a few fruit remains. The fossil-species represent mainly the swamp and riparian vegetation (cf. Glyptostrobus, Zingiberites, Platanus, Liquidambar, Ulmus, Myrica, Salix…
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A new species of gerbil (Gerbillidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Early Pliocene of the Iberian Peninsula and its bearing on faunal dispersals during the Messinian (Late Miocene)
In this paper, the new gerbil species Debruijnimys primaevus sp. nov. is described from the Early Pliocene site of La Piquera in central Spain. This species differs from the type species Debruijnimys julii in its smaller dimensions and less developed longitudinal ridges in the lower molars. It can…
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New insights into the postcranial anatomy of Paludidraco multidentatus (Sauropterygia, Simosauridae), from the Late Triassic of Spain
Sauropterygia is a diverse clade of aquatic reptiles spanning from the Lower Triassic (Olenekian) to the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian). Complete or almost complete skeletons are known for placodonts, pachypleurosaurs, nothosaurs and pistosauroids (including plesiosaurs). Conversely, the…
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An in utero foetus of the Middle Triassic ichthyosaur Besanosaurus leptorhynchus from Monte San Giorgio, Italy
Besanosaurus leptorhynchus is an early-diverging merriamosaurian ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation of Alpine Europe. When the holotype specimen was first described, potential foetal material within the specimen was identified via X-ray imaging. Now, following further…
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Everything, everywhere, all at once? Trends in Diplodocoidea diversity during the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition
Estimating diversity patterns from the fossil record is essential for understanding the factors that shape biodiversity. The Jurassic/Cretaceous transition 143.1 million years (Ma) ago is a particular interval of pronounced ecological turnover accompanied by a global sharp diversity decline…
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A case of an expansile lesion in a caudal vertebra of Medusaceratops lokii
This study presents the first documented case of chronic osteomyelitis with a draining sinus tract in the centrosaurine ceratopsid Medusaceratops lokii, based on a pathological seventh caudal vertebra from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of Montana. Integrated macroscopic and computed…
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Not only boring issues: bioerosion on bones from the Upper Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin (Romania) and the implications for carcass decomposition on Haţeg Island
Bioerosion of fossil bones provides insights into trophic relationships as well as carcass decomposition processes in past ecosystems. Despite this potential, however, exhaustive documentation of traces of bioerosion for specific deep-time vertebrate assemblages is rarely done. Such occurrences are…
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Osteology, paleoecology, and phylogenetic relationships of the carettochelyid turtle Allaeochelys crassesculpta from the middle Eocene Konservat-Lagerstätte of Messel, Germany
Allaeochelys crassesculpta is a carettochelyid turtle from the middle Eocene Messel Pit, near Messel, Germany. The species is known by one of the richest fossil records among turtles consisting of dozens of specimens, of which most represent near-complete and articulated skeletons. Despite this…
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The smallest known Xinpusaurus (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) from the Late Triassic of South China: ontogenetic and phylogenetic implications
Thalattosaurs were a group of large predators in the Triassic oceans, and their diversity is therefore crucial for understanding the biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction in marine environments. Specimen HFUT GL-17-006, a very small thalattosaur skeleton from the Late Triassic…
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Gemmatricolpites R.L. Pierce pollen from the Lower Cretaceous of the Araripe Basin (NE Brazil) - an extinct lineage of Aquifoliaceae or a product of convergent evolution?
Aquifoliales are an early diverging clade of asterids and its important, large woody genus Ilex is widespread in moist, warm to tropical habitats today. The origin and evolution of Ilex are still under debate because fossils assigned to Ilex often are seen as ambiguous and their fossil occurrence…
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Digging Sauropods: excavation behaviour or evidence for nest building? An example from the Late Cretaceous El Molino Formation (Maragua, Bolivia)
The Late Cretaceous deposits of Bolivia contain a diverse record of fossil vertebrate tracks. Extensive surfaces within the El Molino Formation (Maastrichtian) preserve evidence of diverse animal behaviour. Here, we report an unusual sedimentary structure from a titanosaurid track-bearing surface…
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Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin
Solenopsis is a diverse genus of myrmicine ants with a global distribution. Several extinct species have been described but these occurrences are limited to the Palaearctic as imprint fossils. Wilson (1985, 1988) mentioned specimens of Solenopsis preserved in Dominican amber (Middle Miocene, ca. 16…
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New palaeontological remains from the early Permian Réalmont Basin (Tarn, France): implications for late-Variscan palaeobiogeography and Progyrolepis taxonomy (Actinopterygii)
The Réalmont Basin (Tarn, France) is a Variscan intra-mountainous basin from the Carboniferous–Permian boundary, located in the southern part of the Massif Central. The palaeofauna of this basin had been mentioned in reports but had never been described until now. This important basin provides…
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Eocene penguin fossils as archives of Antarctic weathering and climate change: insights from micro-X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping
One of the richest known fossil records of penguins occurs in the Eocene La Meseta and Submeseta formations on Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. These fossils provide a unique window into penguin evolution and associated Antarctic paleoclimate transitions. In this study, µ-XRF mapping was used…