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Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Sciences
ISSN 2312-9433 · Gandhara University · 521 articles in the index
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Journal Article
Influence of Active Cigarette Smoking on Postoperative Outcomes after Elective General Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the association between active cigarette smoking and postoperative morbidity and hospital stay among adults undergoing elective non-cardiac general surgery at a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan. METHODOLOGY This prospective observational cohort study enrolled…
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Journal Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of Barium Swallow Study for Differentiating Benign and Malignant Esophageal Strictures Using Endoscopy with Biopsy as Gold Standard
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of barium swallow for differentiating malignant from benign oesophageal strictures using endoscopy with biopsy as the reference standard. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional validation study included 88 consecutively selected…
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Journal Article
Kidney Transplantation in Patients with a Previous History of Femoral Lines: Surgical Challenges and Outcomes
OBJECTIVES To assess surgical complexity, early complications, and short-term graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with a history of femoral lines. METHODOLOGY This prospective cohort study included 47 adult renal transplant recipients with prior femoral catheterisation who underwent…
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Journal Article
Frequency of Positive Blood Cultures and Pathogen Distribution among Febrile Patients Admitted to Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar
OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of positive blood cultures, describe the distribution of clinically significant pathogens, and compare selected clinical outcomes according to blood-culture status among febrile adult inpatients at Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar. METHODOLOGY This…
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Journal Article
Exploring Tutors' Perspectives on Tutor Preparedness for Student Support and the Challenges Faced in Medical Education
OBJECTIVES This study examined the tutors’ perspectives about the student support programs and the problems faced in providing effective student assistance at their dental institutions. METHODOLOGY This qualitative study was conducted in three dental institutions in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Four focus…
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Journal Article
Occlusal Assessment of Porcelain-Fused-To-Metal (PFM) Crowns during try-in Appointment in the Prosthodontics Department, Saidu College Of Dentistry
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To assess the quality of occlusal contacts in PFM crowns during try-in appointments using modified FDI criteria at the Prosthodontics Department, Saidu College of Dentistry. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional observational study involved 193 patients receiving PFM crowns. Occlusal…
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Journal Article
Infraorbital Nerve Injury in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures in Patients Presenting to Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse the frequency and trends of infraorbital nerve (ION) damage in zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. METHODOLOGY We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad…
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Journal Article
Comparison of Functional and Morphological Outcomes of Open Versus Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in Infants with Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to compare functional, morphological, perioperative, and short-term surgical outcomes of open and laparoscopic pyeloplasty in infants with unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction. METHODOLOGY This prospective quasi-experimental study enrolled 116 infants…
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Journal Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Diagnosing Craniosynostosis in Infants Using CT as the Gold Standard
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of cranial ultrasound in detecting craniosynostosis in infants using computed tomography (CT) as the reference standard. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional validation study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, MTI–Hayatabad…
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Journal Article
Diagnostic Performance and Radiocytological Correlation of ACR TI-RADS in Thyroid Nodules Using Bethesda-Reported FNAC as the Reference Standard
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and radiocytological concordance of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) categories for thyroid nodules, using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) reported according to the…
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Journal Article
Comparison of Tooth Length Measured with Conventional Periapical Versus Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To compare tooth length measurements obtained using intraoral periapical radiographs (IOPA) and CBCT in extracted single-rooted premolars. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department, Riphah International Dental…
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Journal Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of Non-Invasive Parameters for Detecting Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients in a Resource-Limited Setting
OBJECTIVES This study evaluates the ability of selected non-invasive markers—portal vein diameter (>13 mm), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), platelet-to-spleen diameter ratio, spleen size, and INR to detect oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients accurately…
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Journal Article
Assessment of Postural Stability in Pediatric Population with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine the postural stability of children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2024 to January 2025 at Children's Hospital Lahore. Seventy children aged 6- 15 years with JIA and active joint…
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Journal Article
From Adoption to Account Ability: Governing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its Subsets in Medical and Dental Education
The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical and dental education marks a transformative shift in how knowledge is produced, delivered, and assessed. From adaptive learning systems to generative tools, AI is reshaping medical and dental learning environments globally. This…
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Journal Article
Frequency of Common Causes of Bleeding Per Rectum among Patients Presenting to Surgical OPD at A Tertiary Care Hospital
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate the frequency and 95% confidence intervals of harmonised, clinician-recorded etiological categories among adults presenting with bleeding per rectum to the surgical outpatient department of a tertiary-care hospital. METHODOLOGY This descriptive…
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Journal Article
Interpreting Complexity: How Senior Clinical Fellows Approach Challenging Cardiothoracic Imaging Cases - A Qualitative Study
OBJECTIVES To explore how senior clinical fellows in cardiothoracic radiology approach complex imaging cases in routine clinical practice, with secondary objectives of understanding how they manage diagnostic uncertainty, the factors influencing their decision-making, and the development of…
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Journal Article
Immunization Status and Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy among Children Under Five Years of Age
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine immunisation status and identify demographic, socioeconomic, access-related, and caregiver factors associated with incomplete immunisation among children under five years. METHODOLOGY This descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled 345 children who presented…
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Journal Article
Understanding Bacterial Profiles and Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections: A Study from THQ Swabi
Background: UTI is a frequent disorder of pregnancy and if not treated properly, could result in complications in both mother and baby. Local knowledge of the bacterial isolates and the antimicrobial sensitivity of the bacteria is crucial in the selection of appropriate and safe antibiotic in…
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Journal Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Modified CT Severity Index for Severe Acute Pancreatitis Using the Revised Atlanta Classification as Reference Standard
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index (mCTSI) for identifying severe acute pancreatitis using the Revised Atlanta Classification as the reference standard. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional validation study included 155…
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Journal Article
Functional Outcomes after Multiligament Knee Reconstruction at a Tertiary Care Hospital
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine short-term functional outcomes after multiligament knee reconstruction and identify factors associated with satisfactory recovery. METHODOLOGY This observational study with three-month follow-up included 142 patients aged 20-70 years with magnetic resonance…