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Arctic Science
Scopus
ISSN 2368-7460 · Canadian Science Publishing · 509 articles in the index
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Journal Article
Local primary production hotspot in the coastal waters of Southampton Island, Nunavut, Canada, in summer 2019
The marine region surrounding Southampton Island, northwestern Hudson Bay, Canada supports relatively large populations of marine mammals and seabirds. However, little information exists about primary production at the base of the marine food web. We estimate phytoplankton primary production from…
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Journal Article
“Connected to the land and to each other”: clam harvesting, Inuit community health, and wellbeing in Nunavut
Inuit communities in Nunavut hold deep and intricate relationships with country food that are integral to daily life, health, and wellbeing. Clams (Mya truncata) (ᐊᒻᒨᒪᔪᐃᑦ) provide important sustenance for many Inuit communities, yet research focused on the role of clams in supporting community…
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Journal Article
Sea Ice Dynamics in Foxe Basin: Formation of a Thick Dirty Seasonal Ice Cover along a Proposed Year-Round Shipping Route
Foxe Basin is a shallow inland sea in the Canadian Arctic that has strong tidal dynamics and is covered by a notoriously deformed and dirty sea ice cover for 9 months a year. Observations are limited, but the proposed development of year-round shipping to Steensby Inlet in northern Foxe Basin makes…
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Journal Article
First records of severely deformed invasive pink salmon in Arctic waters
Native pink salmon have shown low occurrence of vertebral deformities and large inter-population variation in number of vertebrae in the Pacific Ocean. Invasive pink salmon have, however, not been assessed for these endpoints in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The present study assessed…
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Journal Article
Polar bear visits to human infrastructure increase with sea ice loss, not poor body condition
Climate warming has reduced Arctic sea ice, forcing some populations of polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) to spend more time on land and increasing the potential for encounters with humans. We recorded 580 polar bear visits to four sites along western Hudson Bay from 2011 to 2021 using…
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Journal Article
First characterization of the marine ecosystem of Archer Fiord in the Lasting Ice Area of the High Arctic: a productivity paradox
The Lasting Ice Area along the northern coastline of Ellesmere Island and Greenland will be the region where Arctic multiyear sea ice will persist the longest in a warming climate, making this area critical for ice-dependent species. In 2019, the Tuvaijuittuq Marine Protected Area was established…
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Journal Article
Long-term low-level factorial nitrogen and phosphorus additions significantly impact a Low Arctic mesic tundra plant community, but species responses differ from high-level fertilization: Implications for predicting climate warming effects
Arctic climate warming is expected to enhance plant growth-limiting nutrients in tundra soils, thereby affecting community composition. Much of our understanding of nutrient influences on tundra plants is derived from very high level fertilization experiments. Here, we report effects of 11–19 years…
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Journal Article
Sea-ice perturbation and mass starvation of Thick-billed Murres in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean
Mass mortality among seabirds has been associated with ocean heatwaves. Though less commonly reported, cold water events can also be devastating. During spring 2022, thousands of Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia Linnaeus 1758) died on the southern Labrador and northeastern Newfoundland coasts. We…
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Journal Article
Co-developing a conceptual model rooted in Inuit Knowledge of the landfast sea ice season near Makkovik, Nunatsiavut
Conceptual models in Western science are used to represent key processes and relationships within a system and to unify knowledge across disciplines. In this paper, we develop a conceptual model through research that spans both Western science and Indigenous Knowledge. Drawing on participatory…
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Journal Article
Black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) readily consume Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in the Canadian Arctic: insights from stomach content and stable isotope analyses
The Arctic is undergoing rapid declines in sea ice and changes in Arctic ecosystems. The diet of one of the Arctic’s most abundant seabirds, the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), has been used as an indicator of ecosystem changes in the European Arctic, yet little is known about their diet…
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Journal Article
“What we see in the In-Between”: navigating ethics and equity in the role of leading research projects with Alaska Native communities
As 13 leaders in research with Alaska Native communities, we came together in a workshop to self-define the role of boundary spanners within our cross-cultural contexts. We utilized convergence methods and participatory decision-making facilitation. Reflecting on chronic challenges and current…
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Journal Article
An ∼1200-year record of common eider population trends from the eastern Canadian Arctic
Long-term monitoring data for seabird populations are often lacking, limiting the ability to set effective conservation goals. To address this, lake sediments and thick peat deposits receiving bird guano inputs can be used to track past changes in population size and dynamics. Here, we compare both…
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Journal Article
Decline and northward shift in Arctic cod distribution associated with the changing climate around Greenland
Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774) is a key species in Arctic marine ecosystems, acting as a dominant mid-trophic link that transfers up to 75% of energy to higher trophic levels. It is therefore central to cultural identity, ecosystem function, food security, and socioeconomic systems in…
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Journal Article
Multi-year assessment of coastal sea-ice algae and phytoplankton in an Arctic port ecosystem, Nunavut, Canada
This study provides a rare multi-year assessment of sea-ice algal and phytoplankton species diversity in the coastal Canadian Arctic, across sea-ice and open-water habitats, that reflect seasonal gradients critical to ecosystem function. Samples were collected near Iqaluit, Nunavut, in 2018–2022. A…
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Journal Article
Proactive Tundra conservation strategy for a rapidly changing Arctic
The Arctic tundra is warming faster than any other biome, and its biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and Indigenous land use are increasingly shaped by interacting climate- and human-driven stressors. Conservation planning must therefore move beyond static protected-area targets toward approaches…
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Journal Article
Evaluating the relationship between cold-water corals and a cold seep in a submarine slope failure at the Northeast Saglek Bank cold-water coral hotspot, Eastern Canadian Arctic
Multibeam sonar surveys and ROV-based seafloor imagery led to the discovery of active cold seeps associated with a submarine slope failure (SSF), and adjacent high local abundances of the deep-sea coral Primnoa resedaeformis, at northeast Saglek Bank on the glacially influenced northern Labrador…
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Journal Article
Linking NDVI and Leaf Senescence in High Arctic Tundra Plants: Soil Moisture Control on Senescence Phenology Revealed by Direct Observations and NDVI Sensors
A comprehensive understanding of the drivers of tundra plant senescence phenology and climate-related changes in senescence timing across tundra landscapes is currently lacking. Near-surface remote sensing (NRS) holds the potential to bridge this gap by overcoming problems common to satellite…
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Journal Article
A 25-year record linking bacterial community composition to long-term environmental change and seasonal cycles of stratification in an Arctic lake
A 25-year record from Toolik Lake, a tundra lake in Northern Alaska, shows a strikingly consistent, recurring seasonal pattern of bacterial community composition. Diversity in the epilimnion and hypolimnion tracks thermal stratification, underscoring the importance of physical drivers in shaping…
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Journal Article
Climate Change and Country Food Security: Projected Future Impacts in the Western Canadian Arctic
The Canadian Arctic is warming faster than the global average, posing significant challenges for Inuit whose livelihoods are closely linked to the environment. Climate change exacerbates food insecurity in Inuit communities by impacting the availability, access, quality, utilization and long-term…