104 hasil
Menampilkan 1–20 · 0,51 detik · RSS
Computational Psychiatry
Scopus
ISSN 2379-6227 · Ubiquity Press · 104 artikel di indeks
-
Artikel Jurnal
Computational Modelling Reveals Slower Safety Learning and Threat Extinction are Associated With Higher Anxiety Severity in Remote Fear Conditioning
Anxiety disorders are chronic, pervasive, and debilitating; characterised by a persistent or exaggerated response to distal or abstract threats. Impaired threat discrimination (distinguishing safe from threatening stimuli) and impaired threat extinction (learning a once threatening stimulus is now…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Classifying Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder from Resting-State EEG Using Convolutional Neural Networks: A Pilot Study
Objective: Identifying obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using brain data remains challenging. Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) offers an affordable and noninvasive approach, but identifying predictive signals in EEG data has met with little success, even with the application of…
-
Artikel Jurnal
OCD Compulsions as Aberrant Integration of Uncertainty from Local Goals to Global Goals
Recent years have seen unprecedented increases in compulsive behaviors, even in previously undiagnosed populations. Yet, despite their rising prevalence and the fact that compulsions—notably associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but also a key feature of other disorders such a…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Cortical Microstructural Variations Correlate With Individual Differences in Gamified Exploration–Exploitation Behaviours
The exploration-exploitation trade-off is ubiquitous in our everyday lives, and individuals display considerable variability in their preferred decision-making strategies. Most previous work pertaining to neural signatures of exploration is restricted to functional pathways. However, the specific…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Anhedonic Traits Do Not Impair Performance in a 3-Arm Bandit Task
Anhedonia, a transdiagnostic symptom marked by diminished reward sensitivity, is often linked to impairments in reinforcement learning (RL). Standard tasks (e.g., the 4-arm bandit) can place substantial demands on participants and may blur valuation with other processes. We therefore adapted a…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Neural Bases of Affect-Based Impulsivity: A Decision Neuroscience Account
Affect-based impulsivity describes the tendency to behave impulsively while experiencing negative or positive affective states. In the context of psychiatric disorders, the consequences of affect-based impulsivity can be dire, including suicidal behavior and harmful substance use. Here, we provide…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Self-Reflection Protects Behavior from Volatile Beliefs Linked to Paranoia
Processing uncertainty may be pathognomonic (characteristic of a disease) for some psychiatric conditions. Some people expect the world to change, even when it doesn’t. This tendency is central to paranoia, where individuals often anticipate threat or change without clear evidence. But what…
-
Artikel Jurnal
The Role of Alexithymia in Social Learning and Feedback-Driven Social Inferences
Dynamic social interactions and feedback are crucial for understanding others’ emotions, particularly when confronted with contradictory emotional cues. Alexithymia, a condition that co-occurs with many psychiatric disorders, is characterized by impairment in emotional processing. However…
-
Artikel Jurnal
An Active Inference Model of the Optimism Bias
The optimism bias is a cognitive bias where individuals overestimate the likelihood of good outcomes and underestimate the likelihood of bad outcomes. Associated with improved quality of life, optimism bias is considered to be adaptive and is a promising avenue of research for mental health…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Increasing Response Vigour Under Time Pressure as a Transdiagnostic Marker of Eating Disorders
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterised by intense concerns about food and weight. These concerns are linked to changes in decision-making, such as persisting with actions that are no longer rewarding. For example, individuals might engage in long exercise sessions or time-consuming body checking…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Computational Mechanisms of Approach-Avoidance Conflict Predictively Differentiate Between Affective and Substance Use Disorders
Psychiatric disorders are highly heterogeneous and often co-morbid, posing specific challenges for effective treatment. Recently, computational modeling has emerged as a promising approach for characterizing sources of this heterogeneity, which could potentially aid in clinical differentiation. In…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Investigating Learning, Decision-Making, and Mental Health in Pregnancy: Insights From a UK Cohort Study
Background: Parental capacity to learn from infant responses is a fundamental component of early dyadic interactions. However, the precise cognitive processes involved in these interactions and how these processes are influenced by mental health difficulties remain unclear. Methods: We investigated…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Leveraging large language models to estimate clinically relevant psychological constructs in psychotherapy transcripts
Developing precise, innocuous markers of psychopathology and the processes that foster effective treatment would greatly advance the field’s ability to detect and intervene on psychopathology. However, a central challenge in this area is that both assessment and treatment are conducted primarily in…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Decomposing Intolerance of Uncertainty: No Association With Affective Decision Making in a Community Sample
Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is a transdiagnostic factor in psychological disorders, yet its underlying psychological mechanisms remain unclear. To close this gap, we first identify three potential mechanisms from existing definitions of IU: (1) negativity overweighting, (2) probability…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Computational Perspectives on Cognition in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder, marked by persistent changes in behaviour, cognition and neural activity that result in insufficient body weight. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using computational approaches to understand the cognitive mechanisms that underlie AN…
-
Artikel Jurnal
The Value of Non-Instrumental Information in Anxiety: Insights from a Resource-Rational Model of Planning
Anxiety is intimately related to the desire for information and, under some accounts, thought to arise from the intolerance of uncertainty. Here, we seek to test this hypothesis by studying the relationship between trait anxiety and the willingness to pay for non-instrumental information (i.e…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Signatures of Perseveration and Heuristic-Based Directed Exploration in Two-Step Sequential Decision Task Behaviour
Processes formalized in classic Reinforcement Learning (RL) theory, such as model-based (MB) control, habit formation, and exploration have proven fertile in cognitive and computational neuroscience, as well as computational psychiatry. Dysregulations in MB control and exploration and their…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Improving the Reliability of the Pavlovian Go/No-Go Task for Computational Psychiatry Research
Background: The Pavlovian go/no-go task is commonly used to measure individual differences in Pavlovian biases and their interaction with instrumental learning. The task has also been widely used in computational psychiatry research, to correlate Pavlovian biases with mental health symptoms…
-
Artikel Jurnal
Illness Severity in Psychotic Disorders Amplifies Anterior Insula’s Sensitivity to Unreciprocated Smiles
When we smile, we expect that others will smile back. When one’s smile is not reciprocated, these expectations are violated, producing prediction error signals in the brain. Prediction error signals may be experienced as aversive, disincentivizing smiling. Social smiling is impaired in psychotic…