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The Sky
ISSN 2523-9368 · Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, The University of Lahore. · 102 articles in the index
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Journal Article
Acute Hemodynamic Responses and Chronic Biomarker Associations of Sexual Activity in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sexual activity produces transient cardiovascular responses that may overlap with moderate-intensity exercise; however, the size and consistency of its acute hemodynamic effects and associations with longer-term vascular and inflammatory biomarkers are unclear. This review quantifies both immediate…
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Journal Article
Comparative Effectiveness of Fartlek and Interval Training on Selected Physiological Variables Among Volleyball Players: An Electromyographic Analysis
Volleyball is a fast-paced sport demanding speed, agility, explosive power, endurance, and neuromuscular coordination. While various periodized training models have been heavily utilized to condition athletes, there remains a distinct need for scientific validation regarding their functional impact…
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Journal Article
Long-Term Performance Trends in Elite Cross-Country Skiing
Performance trends in elite long-distance cross-country skiing were analyzed using the Winter Olympics, FIS Cross-Country World Championships, and FIS World Cup race results from 1992 to 2026 for the top 30 finishers in men’s 50 km and women’s 30 km races performed in classical and freestyle…
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Journal Article
Development of a Mathematical Model for Optimizing Rugby Scrum Performance while Minimizing Injury Risk
The Rugby scrum is among the most physically challenging and injury prone stages in contact sports that require optimal balance of production of horizontal force and stabilization of the neck. Improper posture causes changes in the direction of the force vectors, lowering the efficiency of the…
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Journal Article
Promoting Physical Activity and Sports from an Islamic Perspective: Implications for Physical Education and Sports Sciences
This research paper explores physical activity and sports endorsement in the Islamic tradition by focusing on the Quranic teachings, the practices of Prophet Muhammad (Sunnah), and the classical Islamic jurisprudence to infer its implications for modern physical education and sports sciences. The…
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Journal Article
Injury Patterns in Physical Education Students: A Somatic Mapping Study
This descriptive, cross-sectional study aimed to map the somatic distribution of injuries among first-year students in the Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities program (2019-2020) at the National Institute of Youth, Physical Education, and Sport, in order to understand the…
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Journal Article
Effectiveness of immersive virtual environment in adjunct to conventional physical therapy in adolescent athletes with sub-acute tennis elbow
Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) is a condition that is depicted by presence of pain on the lateral aspect of elbow. It includes distress and tenderness that may be due to degeneration of tendons that link the muscles of forearm to the lateral epicondyle of elbow. This study focused on the…
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Journal Article
Effectiveness of Basketball Coaching Enrichment Program for Youth and Elite Female Basketball Players in Pakistan
Basketball demands skills that must be executed in a dynamic environment, frequently during high-speed movement or altering directions. Working only on athlete development is not enough. It is vital to empower both coaches and athletes for the advancement of basketball, particularly for female…
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Journal Article
Long-Term Rugby Player Development: Strategies and Complications: A Qualitative Review
ong-term player development in rugby is a complex process that involves physical, technical, tactical, and mental growth. This progression follows structured models like the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) framework. Key factors for maximizing a player’s potential over time include learning…
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Journal Article
Emotional Intelligence as a Catalyst for Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study in the Ethiopian National Sport Federation
The main purpose of this research was to examine the impact of emotional intelligence on organizational performance within Ethiopian national sports federations, addressing gaps in the literature on sports organizations and developing countries like Ethiopia. The researchers used a quantitative…
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Journal Article
The Impact of Sports on Personality Development among University Students
Sports play an important role in personality development of university students. This study investigated the impact of sports on personality development of university students. Total 200 participants (110 males and 90 females), aged 18-25 years were the respondents of the study from public and…
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Journal Article
Analysis Of Effective Recess Duration on Academic Efficiency of Elementary School Children
Recess or break time is squeezing day by day in many parts of the world while increased instructional time has become a common practice. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of active recess on the academic achievement among third and fourth grade students. The main objective of the…
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Journal Article
Physiological effects of Calisthenics on Explosive Strength of the students
This research study considered the effect of calisthenics training intervention of 12 weeks on explosive strength of the male University of Lahore (UL), Punjab, Pakistan (UL) university student athletes. In this particular study longitudinal experimental research design was applied, totally…
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Journal Article
Relationship between Motivation, Performance Anxiety, and Subjective Vitality in Female Table Tennis Players from Hyderabad District
Understanding the psychological influences on female athletes is crucial for enhancing performance, particularly in precision-oriented sports such as table tennis. This research investigated the relationship between motivation, performance anxiety, and subjective vitality. It was a descriptive…
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Journal Article
Effects of Strength Training on Dynamic Balance Among Pakistani Baseball Athletes
The purpose of this study was to investigate Effect of strength on dynamic balance in Pakistan baseball Athletes. This study demonstrates how elite Pakistani baseball players’ dynamic balance could be improved after 12 weeks of strength training Pre/post intervention. The selected participants were…
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Journal Article
Effects of Advanced Training Techniques of Parachute and Weighted Vest on Sprint Performance of Sprinter
This study investigated the effect of an advanced training technique involving parachutes and weighted vests on the sprint performance of sprinters. Thirty sprinters participated in both pretest and post-test measurements of their 30-meter sprint times. Descriptive statistics revealed a significant…
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Journal Article
Understanding Gender Differences in School Sports Harassment: Patterns, Impacts, and Implications
This study investigates gender-based differences in experiences of harassment within school sports settings, drawing on data collected from 1,067 secondary school students in northeastern France. The research adopts a cross-sectional design using structured questionnaires to assess the prevalence…
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Journal Article
Obesity Among Athletes: An Analysis of Contributing Factors and Impact on Sports Performance
This study investigates the complex relationship between obesity and athletic performance among athletes in the district of Shikarpur, with the aim of identifying underlying causes, assessing performance-related consequences, and exploring strategies to mitigate these effects. Using a qualitative…
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Journal Article
Brain Activity During Cognitive Performance of Elderly People with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Memory and mental processing speed are impaired in older adults who have mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Physical and cognitive stimulation can generate positive results in MCI. There are also differences in the intragroup analyzes e impact on memory performance, mental processing speed and brain…