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Volcanica
Scopus
ISSN 2610-3540 · Volcanica · 219 articles in the index
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Journal Article
The first seismo-volcanological observatory on Montserrat
The first seismo-volcanological observatory in the anglophone Caribbean was established on Montserrat in 1936, in response to a volcano-seismic crisis that began with repeated felt events in 1933. Staff at Montserrat's agricultural office began routinely recording earthquake shocks in 1934. In…
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Journal Article
Post-glacial melt generation in Southern Chile and the development of the Carrán-Los Venados Volcanic Field (40°20'S)
The Carrán-Los Venados volcanic field in southern Chile comprises small basaltic eruption centres of Holocene to historical ages. These centres are atop extensive, basaltic flows that erupted during late glacial or early postglacial times (< 14ka), marking a dramatic change in eruption style over a…
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Journal Article
VIGIA-PlumeNet and VIGIA-PlumeData
Continuous monitoring of volcanoes is essential for advancing scientific understanding and issuing alerts to at-risk populations. Many volcanoes are equipped with ground-based RGB cameras, whose recordings are analyzed by experts or semi-automatic models. Automatically distinguishing clouds from…
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Journal Article
The origin of fresh glass in phreatic eruptions at Rincón de la Vieja and Turrialba volcanoes, Costa Rica
Despite involving no fresh magma, phreatic eruptions are increasingly found to contain juvenile material. This study seeks to determine whether the glass is the result of an input of new magma or shallow stalled magma passively entrained. Using hydrogen isotope analysis (δD) and water speciation…
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Journal Article
Intra-crater clast recycling and flow confinement during the moderate 1963–1965 eruption at Irazú volcano (Costa Rica)
Despite extensive contemporary documentation of the 1963–1965 Irazú eruption, a detailed analysis of its proximal tephra deposits has been lacking. Here, we characterize the stratigraphy and sedimentology of these deposits, interpret their depositional processes including tephra recycling, and…
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Journal Article
Relating glassy rind thicknesses to ambient air temperatures at the Lost Jim flow field in the Imuruk Lake volcanic field, Alaska
The Lost Jim flow field, in the Imuruk Lake volcanic field, Alaska, extends west ~34 km from a single vent, crossing subarctic tundra and currently touches several lakes and streams. The weighted mean of five 36Cl cosmogenic exposure ages from the Lost Jim pāhoehoe flow is 7.73 ± 0.37 ka…
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Journal Article
Pit crater formation and caldera subsidence at Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (Chile) documented with satellite, drone, and field observations
Pit craters are observed throughout the solar system, but are rarely seen forming. Here we document pit crater formation and characteristics following the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle rhyolitic eruption using satellite and drone data with field observations. Syn-eruptive shallow intrusion (laccolith)…
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Journal Article
Volcaniclastic deposit failure as a source of pyroclastic density currents during the 1944 eruption of Vesuvius
Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are among the most lethal volcanic phenomena and are mainly generated by column collapse, lateral blasts, or dome failure. An additional but still poorly constrained hazard is represented by PDCs produced by the collapse of hot volcaniclastic deposits. Here we…
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Journal Article
Plumbing system dynamics during the 2024 paroxysmal sequence at the Voragine crater of Mt. Etna volcano as revealed by the olivine crystal cargo
The sequence of six paroxysmal eruptions that occurred between July and August 2024 at Mt. Etna’s Voragine crater has been investigated in order to constrain the plumbing system dynamics. Whole-rock and glass major-element analyses have been integrated with a detailed petrological study of erupted…
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Journal Article
Oxidation state of Mayotte magmatic series
Following the 2018–2020 Fani Maoré submarine eruption near Mayotte Island, Indian Ocean, multiple oceanographic expeditions provide unprecedented access to fresh alkaline volcanic glasses spanning basanite to phonolite compositions from the East-Mayotte Volcanic Chain (EMVC). We applied Fe and S…
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Journal Article
Eruptive flux drives atmospheric lightning rates and submarine hydroacoustic signals during the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption
The August 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba (FOB) volcano in Japan was a remarkable VEI 4 shallow submarine eruption, partly because it generated a 16-km water-rich atmospheric plume, new islands, and a large pumice raft. Recent studies provide complementary summaries of the atmospheric and…
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Journal Article
Practical guide for volcano observatories on paleomagnetic sampling of pyroclastic deposits from active volcanoes
This brief guide is designed to teach workers at observatories of volcanoes exhibiting explosive activity how to take samples of pyroclastic deposits for paleomagnetic studies. Paleomagnetism is a powerful tool for studying volcanoes, both dormant and currently active. Studies of the rock magnetic…
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Journal Article
Insights into the magma plumbing system architecture beneath an off-ridge ocean island (Terceira, Azores) from crystal zoning
Understanding the architecture and dynamics of crustal magmatic plumbing systems is essential for interpreting volcanic processes and eruption styles in ocean island settings. We present a comprehensive investigation of the magmatic plumbing system beneath Terceira Island (Azores), integrating…
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Journal Article
PetThermoTools: a fast, flexible, and accessible Python3 package for performing thermodynamic calculations
We present PetThermoTools: an open-source Python3 tool for performing thermodynamic simulations of mantle and magmatic processes. Thermodynamic modeling forms a central component to many research projects in igneous petrology. However, few studies utilize the full potential of these methods due to…
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Journal Article
Vulnerability of the petroleum sector to volcanic hazards
Volcanic eruptions can cause substantial damage and disruption to infrastructure and communities. Contemporary societies typically depend on petroleum infrastructure. Volcanic unrest and eruptions can cause considerable operational and structural challenges for the petroleum sector. The…
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Journal Article
Lower crustal magmatic processes and andesite genesis at Shiveluch Volcano
The silicic melts that eventually erupt at arc volcanoes are produced in the lower crust, yet, the storage conditions of magma in the lower crust have not been the topic of extensive study. In this study, we conduct and analyze hydrous piston cylinder experiments to determine the mid-to-lower magma…
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Journal Article
A gas-slug model for basaltic Vulcanian eruptions at open-conduit volcanoes, constrained by textural characteristics and dynamics of the July 3rd, 2019, Stromboli eruption (Italy)
Stromboli is a unique open-conduit mafic volcano known for persistent Strombolian eruptions of highly porphyritic (HP) basalticshoshonite scoria. Stronger paroxysmal explosions occur once or twice per decade, ejecting low porphyritic (LP) golden pumice from deeper volatile-rich magma. The July 3rd…
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Journal Article
Evaluating steady-state volcanism in Iceland, La Réunion, Hawaiʻi and western Galápagos: connections with volcanic hazards and future perspectives
Steady-state volcanoes and magmatic provinces erupt magmas at nearly constant rates over the course of decades. Here, we analyzed the reliability of steady-state volcanism and its relationship with volcanic hazard evaluation in terms of forecasting the erupted volume at four frequently erupting…
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Journal Article
Magma in the microwave
Classroom demonstrations of volcanic processes are typically performed with low-temperature materials designed to exhibit behaviors conceptually analogous to magma. However, there are advantages to finding methods by which real magma can be created and used with audiences and students. Here, we…
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Journal Article
Volatile emissions and magma storage conditions for the 2021 explosive eruption at La Soufrière volcano, St Vincent, from melt inclusions
The VEI 4 eruption of La Soufrière Volcano underwent a dramatic transition in style from initial lava dome effusion in December 2020 to hazardous explosive activity in April 2021. Understanding the magmatic processes underpinning such transitions is critical. We provide the first comprehensive…