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Journal of Respiration
ISSN 2673-527X · MDPI AG · 115 artikel di indeks
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Bronchiectasis Evaluation of Adjunctive Therapy with Erdosteine and Nebulized Amikacin for Chronic Cough and Healthcare Outcomes (BEAT-COUGH Study): A Two-Centre Experience
Background: Chronic cough is a major determinant of impaired quality of life and recurrent exacerbations in bronchiectasis. The BEAT-COUGH Study evaluated the effectiveness of adjunctive oral erdosteine plus nebulized amikacin during acute exacerbation and long-term maintenance in patients with…
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Incremental PEEP Increases Peak Inspiratory Flow Disproportionately to Inspiratory Pressure Swing Across Respiratory Exposure Groups in Spontaneously Breathing Volunteers
Background: How spontaneously breathing individuals modulate inspiratory pressure and peak inspiratory flow (PIF) during incremental positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) loading, and whether this differs across respiratory exposure groups, are incompletely characterised. Methods: In a secondary…
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The Role of Cellular Senescence in Chronic Lung Diseases: Emerging Mechanisms and Translational Perspectives: A Narrative Review
Cellular senescence is one of the major risk factors for the onset and progression of chronic pulmonary diseases. Cellular senescence can be induced by diverse stressors, including genotoxic damage, oncogenic signaling, and therapeutic interventions. These senescent cells communicate via the…
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Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) in Immune Inflammatory Myopathies—A Comprehensive Review Focusing on ILD in Antisynthetase Syndrome and MDA5 Dermatomyositis
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), particularly in antisynthetase syndrome (ASyS) and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) dermatomyositis. Although these…
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Tidal-Breathing Analysis: A Potential Non-Invasive, Bedside Method for Objective Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics and Bronchodilator Responsiveness in Acute Bronchiolitis—Case Report and Review of the Literature
Background: Acute bronchiolitis is among the most common causes of lower-respiratory-tract infection in infancy and remains a clinically heterogeneous syndrome. Current international guidelines recommend supportive management and generally discourage routine bronchodilator administration; however…
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Pulmonary Vasodilators in COPD-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Evidence
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), termed COPD-associated pulmonary hypertension (COPD-PH), and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. The efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in COPD-PH remain uncertain…
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Pulmonary Involvement in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: Interstitial Lung Disease Phenotypes and Diagnostic Challenges
Pulmonary involvement in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is common and exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity, particularly in cases where interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD) develops. Reported variability in prevalence, radiologic phenotypes, and clinical outcomes indicates both underlying…
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Rituximab-Induced Lung Disease Presenting as Organizing Pneumonia in a Patient with Stable Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rituximab-induced lung disease (R-ILD) is a rare but potentially serious complication most commonly reported in patients receiving rituximab as part of combination chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. Pulmonary toxicity associated with rituximab monotherapy in autoimmune disease remains…
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The Impact of Breathing Pattern (Nasal vs. Oral) on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Background: Nasal obstruction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), potentially contributing to upper airway instability and impaired breathing during sleep. However, its precise role in determining disease severity remains unclear. This study aimed to…
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Exploring New Therapeutic Targets in NSCLC: Unraveling the Interplay Between NTRK and PD-L1 Expression
Background: Precision medicine has introduced immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as key therapies for lung cancer. However, the interaction between PD-L1 expression and NTRK rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Methods: A…
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Biomarkers in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Predicting Neurodegenerative Risk and Treatment-Responsive Vulnerability
Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is increasingly associated with earlier onset and accelerated trajectories of neurodegenerative change. Mechanistically, this relationship is thought to reflect convergent pathways spanning intermittent hypoxia. Biomarker profiling offers a pragmatic route…
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S2k Guideline: Breathing, Respiratory Support and Ventilation in Acute and Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Background/Objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently leads to impaired respiratory function and increased pneumonia risk due to reduced respiratory muscle strength, altered thoracic compliance, autonomic dysregulation, and diaphragm displacement. This guideline aims to ensure appropriate…
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Experimental and Computational Analyses of Accessory Ostia Effects on Maxillary Sinus Ventilation
Background: Accessory ostia (AOs) can notably alter maxillary sinus ventilation, yet configuration-specific effects remain unclear. This study quantified how AO location and orientation regulate sinus ventilation using in vitro measurements and numerical analyses. Methods: One patient-specific…
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Post-COVID-19 Cardiovascular Complications: An Updated Systematic Review
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause persistent, multisystem complications collectively termed long COVID. Cardiovascular sequelae are among the most clinically significant yet remain incompletely characterized. This review aimed to synthesize current…
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The Effect of Home-Based Inspiratory Muscle Training in Post-COVID Population—Systematic Review
Background/Objective: Post-COVID survivors present significant respiratory deficiency that has been associated with ongoing shortness of breath and impaired lung function. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is increasingly used in survivors of COVID-19 rehabilitational programs as a means to…
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Beyond the Ordinary: Diagnosing a Case with Urinothorax
Urinothorax, the presence of urine in the pleural space, is an exceptionally rare cause of pleural effusion, with fewer than 100 cases described in the literature. It most often follows trauma or urological procedures, though obstructive uropathy is also a recognized mechanism. We report an…
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Feasibility and Effectiveness of the Passio™ Digital Drainage System in Reducing Chest Pain During Indwelling Pleural Catheter Drainage
(1) Background: Indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) with vacuum-based drainage can cause pain, especially in patients with a non-expandable lung (NEL). This evaluation assessed whether the Passio™ digital drainage system offers a viable alternative for patients experiencing pain during IPC…
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Effect of Medical Comorbidities on Procedural Success in Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Lung volume reduction surgery improves outcomes in a select cohort but portends high morbidity. Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) is a less invasive, reversible…
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Medical Thoracoscopy in Pleural Effusion Versus Dry Space: A Narrative Review on Diagnostic Yield and Complication Rates
Background: Medical thoracoscopy (MT) represents the gold standard for undiagnosed pleural effusions, traditionally performed in the presence of pleural fluid. Recent technical advances have enabled MT in “dry space” conditions (minimal or absent pleural effusion), raising questions about…
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Structural and Compound ALK Resistance Mutations: A Unified Framework to Understand Lorlatinib Failure and Beyond
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically transformed the clinical management of ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Successive generations of ALK inhibitors have been developed to overcome resistance mediated by kinase domain mutations…