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DNA
ISSN 2673-8856 · MDPI AG · 171 articles in the index
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The Coordinated Roles of DNA Damage Repair, Genome Stability and Non-Adaptive Radiations in Vertebrate Evolution
A correlation between karyotype diversity and species richness was first observed in mammals in 1980 and subsequently confirmed after controlling for phylogenetic signal. The correlation was attributed to sub-microscopic factors, presumably operating at the level of the nucleus. The identities of…
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The Greatest Cytogeneticist—Comparatively
Malcolm Andrew Ferguson-Smith (born 5th September 1931 and pictured here (Figure 1) in 2014) sadly passed away on 4th February 2026 [...]
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Multi-Locus DNA Barcoding and Ultrastructural Analyses Reveal the First Record of Sporolithon (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta) from the Northeastern Bay of Bengal
Background/Objectives: Non-geniculate coralline red algae of the order Sporolithales are ecologically important calcium carbonate producers in tropical and subtropical seas globally; however, molecular surveys of this group in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are entirely lacking, and no species of…
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Antimicrobial Resistance and SOS-Mediated DNA Damage Responses: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Targets
Antibiotic exposure promotes the emergence of antimicrobial resistance by activating SOS-dependent mutagenesis and facilitating horizontal gene transfer (HGT), both of which accelerate bacterial adaptation under selective pressure. Consequently, pharmacological inhibition of the SOS response has…
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DNA Barcoding and Molecular Taxonomy Confirm the Occurrence of Polyclinum constellatum (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) from Malta
Background/Objectives: The Mediterranean Sea is highly susceptible to marine bioinvasions, with non-indigenous ascidians frequently introduced and dispersed via maritime traffic. Here, we report the first records of the non-indigenous ascidian Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816 in Maltese…
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DNA Aneuploidy and Abnormal DNA Ploidy Status as Predictors of Malignant Transformation in Oral Leukoplakia: A Narrative Review
Background: Oral leukoplakia is a clinically important oral potentially malignant disorder with variable risk of progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological grading of oral epithelial dysplasia remains the primary method for risk assessment; however, its predictive accuracy is…
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Overview of Genetic and Genomic Research Related to Stingless Bees (Meliponini): An AI-Assisted Science Mapping and Structural Topic Modeling Analysis
Background/Objectives: Stingless bees (tribe Meliponini) are the most species-rich group of eusocial bees and critical pollinators across tropical ecosystems. Over the past seven decades, a growing number of studies have addressed their genetics and genomics, but coverage of the tribe remains…
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Telomerase-Related Gene Expression Networks Predicting Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Background: Telomerase is a ribonucleic multimeric reverse transcriptase complex protecting the chromosomal ends from erosion and thereby from cellular senescence. The prognostic value of the components of this complex and their interrelationships with the immune system are not well understood…
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Sphingolipid Regulation of Genome Stability: Stress Signaling, Chromatin Control, and Organelle Dysfunction
Sphingolipid metabolism has emerged as a regulatory interface between lipid homeostasis, organelle stress, and genome maintenance. Although sphingolipids are essential structural components of cellular membranes, specific metabolites also function as bioactive mediators that shape cellular…
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Pharmacogenomics in Primary Care: A Narrative Review of DNA-Guided Prescribing in Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy
Pharmacogenomics can convert stable DNA variation into prescribing information, but its value in primary care depends on whether a result changes a decision at the right moment. This narrative review critically examines selected actionable gene–drug pairs, implementation models, conflicting…
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Transcriptomic Profiling of Pim Kinases in Acute Leukemia Highlights Pim3 Upregulation and Its Association with Cytogenetic Risk and Stress Response Pathways
Background/Objectives: The PIM kinase family, comprising three serine/threonine kinase isoforms (PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3), plays a fundamental role in various cancer types, where they are frequently described as regulators of proliferation, survival, and metabolic pathways. Acute leukemia is a group…
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NanoPrism: A Taxonomy-Guided Pipeline for Rapid Functional Profiling of Oxford Nanopore Long-Read Metagenomes
Background/Objectives: Oxford Nanopore sequencing produces long reads quickly, but most functional profiling tools were developed for short reads or rely on assembly pipelines that are computationally costly and sensitive to long-read error rates. We present NanoPrism, a taxonomy-guided pipeline…
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A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model for the Overexpression of the Base Excision DNA Repair Protein Ntg1 Reveals Novel Genetic Interactions
Background/Objectives: The base excision repair (BER) pathway repairs oxidative DNA damage, a common and detrimental form of damage to the genome. Although biochemical steps in BER have been well defined, little is understood about how the pathway is regulated. Such regulation is critical, as cells…
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New WC-Type DNA/RNA Microhelices Determined by a DFT Study with the Comparison of Their Structural Geometric Parameters and Their Intra-/Intermolecular H-Bonds
Background: The computation of DNA is a field of growing interest, primarily focused on studying its individual constituents, but a few authors have gone further by analyzing standard microhelices with DFT methods. Objective: Because these studies did not consider that, at the atomic level, other…
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Genotyping of the River Shad (Tenualosa ilisha) Revealed Female Heterogametic Sex Determination System and a Single Genetic Stock in Bangladesh
The migratory shad, Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) is an iconic species of profound economic and cultural value across the Indian sub-continent due to its delicious taste and significant contributions to gross domestic product (GDP). Lack of fundamental genomic data regarding sex determination, impedes…
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Computational Analysis of Missense Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) in the GHSR Gene Linked to Obesity
Background/Objectives: In recent years, efforts to understand obesity’s pathophysiology have focused on satiety signals in the hypothalamus and hormonal signalling in orexigenic and anorexigenic neurons. These signals, linked to hunger, satiety, and energy expenditure, are influenced by peptides…
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Beyond the Test Result: A Two-Year Real-World Characterization of Quantitative Aspergillus PCR in a Tertiary Pulmonology Center
Background: Pulmonary aspergillosis remains underdiagnosed in patients with structural lung disease, as conventional methods might miss a part of cases. There are few real-world data on quantitative PCR performance outside immunocompromised populations. We evaluated the Aspergillus ELITe MGB Kit…
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The Genomic Revolution in Pulmonary Medicine: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Genomic and Multi-Omic Technologies in Respiratory Conditions
Chronic respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), represent a major global health burden. Their significant clinical and biological heterogeneity complicates diagnosis and limits the efficacy of traditional…
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Interactions of Potential Anticancer Drug 4-chloro-6-(1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol with Supercoiled and Linear Plasmid DNAs
Introduction: Does DNA superhelicity effect nucleic acid interactions with drugs? To test such a possibility, the interactions of the linear and superhelical forms of the pGEX-4T-2 plasmid have been investigated with a newly synthesized compound, 4-chloro-6-(1H-imidazo…
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Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Genetic Susceptibility, Epigenetic Overlap, and Immune Dysregulation in Dual Diagnosis
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are immune-mediated disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that, despite involving different tissues, are increasingly recognized to coexist. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate a bidirectional association, with patients…