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npj Antimicrobials and Resistance
ISSN 2731-8745 · Nature Portfolio · 199 artikel di indeks
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Global perspectives on Klebsiella epidemiology and biology: conference report on the KLEBS 2024 symposium
The inaugural Klebsiella Epidemiology and Biology Symposium (KLEBS) took place in November 20-22, 2024, at the Institut Pasteur in Paris. It covered a broad multidisciplinary range of topics from fundamental biology to public health aspects, including epidemiology and public health burden, One…
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Biofilm removal in hospital sink drains drives unintended surges in antibiotic resistance
Abstract The prevalence and proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is considered one of the critical issues of our time. Wastewater is a habitat for complex microbial communities where bacteria share antimicrobial-resistance genes through horizontal gene transfer. Hospital wastewater…
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Food safety culture and the control of microbial communities in food production environments
Abstract Food safety risks are controlled in agrifood settings by reducing the microbial burden in food ingredients and food production environments. Hygiene programmes involve an incremental implementation of chemical treatments (e.g., disinfectants) and engineering controls (e.g., elimination of…
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Enhancing quality of antimicrobial prescribing through ‘Ask Eolas’ (language model): a user-testing and simulation evaluation
Abstract We aimed to assess prescribing accuracy, error reduction, usability, and clinician confidence of Ask Eolas (a retrieval-augmented generation-enhanced AI-CDSS) compared to existing antimicrobial guidance tools. We conducted a structured simulation single-site study evaluating Ask Eolas…
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Development of the antimicrobial resistance burden score through a modified eDelphi
Abstract Current antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance relies on fragmented indicators that fail to capture institutional AMR burden complexity. To develop the AMR Burden Score, a three-round modified eDelphi study engaged interdisciplinary experts (Round 1: n = 17, Rounds 2 and 3: n = 7)…
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Novel continuous experimental evolution methodology uncovers rapid resistance development and cross-resistance
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health threat. Experimental evolution studies are crucial in understanding resistance mechanisms and thereby informing strategies to preserve antibiotic efficacy. We developed a novel continuous experimental evolution system enabling…
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Genomic survey uncovers the emergence of a multidrug-resistant dominant lineage in Proteus mirabilis populations
Abstract Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium renowned for its distinctive swarming motility, is a major causative agent of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and nosocomial complications. While advances in sequencing technologies have generated extensive genomic data…
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Survival of ampicillin-treated uropathogenic Escherichia coli is independent of single-cell growth rates
Abstract The refractoriness of persistent infections to antibiotics necessitates lengthy treatment regimens to prevent therapeutic failures and relapses. Persistence has been attributed to entry of a small fraction of bacterial cells into a slowly growing or non-growing physiological state, which…
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A conjugal gene drive-like system efficiently suppresses antibiotic resistance in a bacterial population
Abstract Antibiotic resistance (AR) is an escalating public health threat, necessitating innovative strategies to control resistant bacterial populations. One promising approach involves engineering genetic elements that can spread within microbial communities to eliminate AR genes. Previously, we…
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Prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among wildlife populations in Africa: a systematic review
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly reported in wildlife, yet evidence from Africa remains fragmented. We conducted a systematic review of AMR in African wildlife, screening 4,802 records and including 61 studies from 21 countries. Phenotypic testing was performed in all…
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Genomic landscape of antimicrobial resistance in India: findings from a multi-species surveillance study
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health threat, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where large datasets linking antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) with genomic data remain limited. We analyzed AST results and whole genomes from 266 resistant…
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Global response to antibiotic exposure reveals a critical role for nucleotide metabolism in high-level β-lactam tolerance
Abstract Antibiotic tolerance, the ability to survive lethal antibiotics for a prolonged period of time is a rising threat due to its role as a steppingstone towards antibiotic resistance. While tolerance has been recognized as a severe clinical threat, little is known about the mechanisms…
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Phage-meropenem synergy against OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global healthcare crisis, driven by the rapid spread of resistant pathogens that compromise existing treatments. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major public health threat, requiring novel therapeutic strategies. Phage therapy, which…
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Enhancing infection diagnostics in advanced chronic liver disease: harnessing clinical metagenomics for rapid pathogen and antimicrobial resistance detection
Abstract Patients with advanced chronic liver disease who have underlying cirrhosis are highly susceptible to bacterial infections, which significantly increase the risk of complications and mortality, compounded by escalating antimicrobial resistance. The current gold standard for infection…
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Functional characterization of macrolide esterase from cyanobacteria and their potential dissemination risk
Abstract The global dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across diverse environments has emerged as a critical challenge to public health. As essential primary producers, Cyanobacteria colonize extreme and heterogeneous habitats, coexisting with gut microbiota in wastewater, marine…
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Biofilm-driven LPS remodeling and colanic acid overproduction mediate biocide adaptation and antibiotic cross-resistance in E. coli
Abstract The identification of the determinants driving antimicrobial resistance is a prerequisite for improving the control of resistance emergence and dissemination. Disinfectant biocides, daily used in food-processing industries, have already been associated with the cross-selection of…
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Harnessing generative AI for predicting and optimizing antimicrobial peptides against drug-resistant infections
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major global health threat that demands the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising therapeutic alternative due to their broad-spectrum activity and reduced likelihood of resistance development. In the…
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NV716 acts as an envelope-active adjuvant that enhances antibiotic accumulation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract Treatment of Gram-negative infections remains challenging due to limited compound penetration and the presence of efflux mechanisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in particular, exhibits strong intrinsic resistance, leaving few effective therapeutic options. Here, we provide mechanistic insight…
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Metagenomic profiling reveals shared resistome signatures between humans and pigs in Vietnamese smallholder farms
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern, yet the extent of resistant genes and microbial exchange between humans and livestock in low- and middle-income countries remains underexplored. Vietnam, an AMR hotspot, was studied using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of paired…
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Treatment of Herpes simplex encephalitis with the helicase-primase inhibitor pritelivir in an immunocompromised patient
Abstract Pritelivir, a novel helicase-primase inhibitor, has successfully completed a global Phase 3 trial for refractory herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in immunocompromised patients. This case report is the first clinical use of pritelivir in Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). An allogeneic…