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Exploration of Immunology
Scopus
ISSN 2768-6655 · Open Exploration Publishing Inc. · 269 artikel di indeks
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Pneumococcal live attenuated vaccine: strategies, challenges and future perspectives
Pneumococcal disease remains a major global health challenge despite the availability of polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines. Although these platforms have reduced invasive disease, their limitations, such as poor immunogenicity in infants, lack of durable protection, and restricted coverage…
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Immunomodulatory roles of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in periodontal inflammation and homeostasis
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are microbial metabolites generated through the fermentation of dietary fibers by the gut microbiota and are increasingly recognized as critical regulators of host immune homeostasis. Beyond their metabolic roles, SCFAs…
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Serum occludin as a novel biomarker in adult atopic dermatitis: a pilot case-control study
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by immune dysregulation and dysfunction of the epidermal barrier. Although occludin, a vital tight junction protein, is essential for preserving barrier integrity, very little is known about its potential as a serum biomarker…
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Postbiotics as promising oral vaccine adjuvants
For decades, vaccines have been a key tool against microbial infections. However, the high cost of production and purification renders vaccines largely inaccessible to many developing countries. The limitations of conventional vaccines can be overcome by edible vaccines. To produce an oral vaccine…
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Immunomodulation: scope and limitations in promoting diabetic foot ulcer healing
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic inflammatory disease because of persistent hyperglycemia. The pathophysiology of DFUs is mediated by chronic inflammation, decreased angiogenesis, and altered extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Impaired immune response halts the DFUs in the inflammatory…
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COVID-19, immunity, and vaccination: unravelling the interplay of sex, gender, age, and the exposome
Sex- and gender-related differences profoundly influence immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination but remain insufficiently considered in research and public health strategies. This review explores how sex, gender, age, and the exposome interact to shape susceptibility to…
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Exploring the association between human cytomegalovirus, immunological and biochemical parameters in Iraqi women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Aim: The current study was planned to assess the statistical correlation between seroprevalence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and important inflammatory markers: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) within Iraqi women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)…
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Diagnostic performance and cutoff optimisation of the CTD Screen assay for ANA detection compared with HEp-2 IFA
Aim: Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are important in diagnosing systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), and the HEp-2 cell indirect immunofluorescence assay (HEp-2 IFA) remains the gold standard for their detection. This study evaluates the utility and optimal cutoff of the EliA connective…
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Determination of CD39 and CD73 expression together with their serum soluble levels in bronchial asthma
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ectonucleotidases cluster of differentiation 39 (ecto-adenosine triphosphate diphosphohydrolase) (CD39) and cluster of differentiation 73 (ecto-5’-nucleotidase) (CD73) and determine the serum levels of their soluble forms (sCD39 and sCD73) in…
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Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in autoimmune rheumatology: toward immune tolerance reprogramming
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases arise when the immune system transitions from a flexible, self-regulating network into a metabolically and epigenetically fixed inflammatory attractor state. This review synthesizes emerging evidence that immune tolerance is governed by a coupled epigenetic-metabolic…
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Is neuroinflammation the common thread in chronic pain? Recent advances and implications of the role of glial cells
The intricate involvement of glial cells in chronic pain mechanisms represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of pain processing. From microglial-mediated neuroinflammation to astrocytic modulation of synaptic function, glial cells emerge as critical players in the complex neurobiology of…
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Cellular state transitions in neuroimmune disorders
Neuroimmune disorders are increasingly understood not as the consequence of dysfunction in isolated cell types, but as dynamic diseases shaped by coordinated transitions across interacting neural and immune cell states. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence showing how microglia…
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Human γδ T cells in colorectal carcinoma: friends or foes
Human γδ T cells represent a minor subset of lymphocytes present in the peripheral blood. This lymphocyte subset is mainly localized within the mucosae of airways and gut. In the latter context, γδ T cells can represent a key immune cell subset involved both in regulating intestinal homeostasis and…
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Exercise, leptin, and natural killer cells: a missing link in obesity-related immune dysregulation
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Isthmin-1 as a novel adipokine: a potential target for exercise-induced metabolic modulation in obesity
Obesity is a major global health challenge, now recognized as a complex metabolic and inflammatory disorder characterized by excess adiposity and chronic low-grade inflammation. Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ, secreting adipokines that regulate metabolism and immune responses. Among…
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Vitamin B12 as an immunometabolic regulator: bridging one-carbon metabolism, mitochondrial function and immunity
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble micronutrient serving as a cofactor for key enzymes in one-carbon metabolism and mitochondrial energy production. Beyond its classical roles in hematopoiesis and neurological function, emerging evidence demonstrates that vitamin B12 has emerging…
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Vaccine efficacy—the biggest challenge today
The efficacy of viral vector-based vaccines is essential to provide long-term protection and prevention of emerging epidemics and pandemics in parallel to other vaccine platforms. The key challenges of achieving high vaccine efficacy relate to the engineering of highly potent antigens and the…
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Tertiary lymphoid structures: protective mechanisms or potential pathogenic roles?
Tuberculosis (TB) accounts for the most deaths amongst humans from an infectious agent. Although the approved vaccines are effective in preventing infant meningitis, they provide inadequate protection for adolescents and adults. There is a need for an improved understanding of immunological…
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Potential molecular mimicry of proteins involved in atherogenesis and/or vasculitides with coronavirus antigens
Aim: This study explores the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, as well as the comorbidity of atherosclerosis and coronavirus infection. The objective of the article is to provide a rationale for the potential involvement of an autoimmune component in the observed comorbidity between these two…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Association of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7 gene polymorphisms with spontaneous abortion and HCMV serostatus: a case-control study in Iraqi women
Aim: The study aims to explore the relationship between TLR2 (rs3804100), TLR4 (rs1927914), and TLR7 (rs179008) gene polymorphisms and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) serostatus in Iraqi women, and to assess the association between spontaneous abortion (SA) and these polymorphisms. Methods: A…