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Al-Hilal
ISSN 2775-1236 · Faculty of sharia and Law Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo · 57 artikel di indeks
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Artikel Jurnal
Assessing the Accuracy of Approximated Ephemeris Data for Prayer Time Calculations
Prayer (ṣalāh) is an obligatory act of worship in Islam, with its timing determined by astronomical parameters derived from ephemeris data. Although many mobile applications are available to calculate prayer times, most depend on internet connectivity, limiting their usability in certain…
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Artikel Jurnal
Reconstructing al-Farghānī’s Southern Astrolabe: A Philological and Astronomical Study for Equatorial Observations in Indonesia
This study reconstructs al-Farghānī’s concept of the southern astrolabe through an interdisciplinary approach combining Arabic philology and computational astronomy. Focusing on the sixth chapter (al-Naw’ al-Sādis) of Kitāb al-Asturlāb, the research aims to examine the technical relevance of the…
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Artikel Jurnal
Qibla Direction Accuracy in Bangka Belitung Mosques: An Astronomical–Geospatial Study
Accurate Qibla orientation is essential for the validity of Muslim prayer; inconsistencies in both traditional and modern determination methods continue to produce significant inaccuracies, particularly in archipelagic regions. This study assesses the accuracy of Qibla direction in mosques across…
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Artikel Jurnal
Islamic Prayer Time Calculation in High-Latitude Summer: A Computational Approach Using the Ittibāʿ Aqrab al-Bilād Method in Iceland
Determining Islamic prayer times in high-latitude regions is challenging, particularly during summer when continuous twilight prevents the Sun from reaching required depression angles below the horizon. This condition causes conventional solar-angle-based methods to produce undefined (NaN) values…
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Artikel Jurnal
Religious Moderation in Addressing Qibla Direction Deviation: A Case Study of Al-Munawwar Grand Mosque in Tulungagung, Indonesia
The qibla direction is a fundamental requirement in Islamic prayer, yet its misalignment often generates debate at the community level. The Al-Munawwar Grand Mosque in Tulungagung, Indonesia, exhibits a deviation of approximately 30°, leading to differing responses among religious leaders, Islamic…
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Artikel Jurnal
Rashd al-Qiblah in the Pesantren Tradition of Islamic Astronomy: The Contribution of Muhammad Faqih Maskumambang
This article examines Muhammad Faqih Maskumambang's contribution to the transmission and practice of Rashd al-Qiblah within the pesantren tradition of Islamic astronomy in Java. Using a qualitative approach through historical-textual analysis and intellectual history, this study analyzes the…
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Astronomical Verification of the Prophet Muhammad’s Birth Date: Revisiting the Surakarta Palace Senin Pon Tradition
The Surakarta Palace preserves a long-standing tradition that associates the birth of Prophet Muhammad with Monday Pon (Senin Pon) in the Dal year cycle, forming the basis of the Grebeg Mulud commemoration. Despite its cultural significance, the historical and astronomical foundations of this…
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Artikel Jurnal
Ḥadīd al-Baṣar in the Thought of Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī and Its Implications for Ru’yat al-Hilāl Testimony in Indonesia
The determination of the Islamic lunar month through ru’yat al-hilāl remains contested in Indonesia, particularly when individual testimony conflicts with established visibility criteria (imkān al-ru’yah). This study examines the concept of ḥadīd al-baṣar in the thought of Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī and…
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Artikel Jurnal
Integrating Astronomical Observations and Islamic Law: The Case of Sunrise and the Ishrāq Prayer Time
This study discusses determining the initial time for the Ishrāq prayer based on a combination of classical Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and contemporary astronomical approaches. Traditionally, the time for Ishrāq is associated with the sun having risen to the height of one spear-length after…
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Artikel Jurnal
Territory, Hilāl, and Sovereignty: Revisiting Indonesia’s Maṭla’ under MABIMS’ New Criteria
Differences in determining the start of the lunar month often spark polemics due to varying methods, schools of thought, and interpretations of maṭla’. Indonesia adopts a territorial-based maṭla’, yet inconsistencies remain in how its geographical boundaries are applied. Law No. 43/2008 defines…
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Artikel Jurnal
The Role of Public Law in Determining the Islamic Calendar in Indonesia
The debate over the determination of the beginning of the Islamic calendar in Indonesia is still a complex issue that has a vast impact on religious, social, and public policy aspects. This polemic arises due to differences in ḥisāb (astronomical calculation) and rukyat (hilāl observation) methods…
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Artikel Jurnal
Qibla Direction Determination in Historical Mosques: Methodological and Accuracy Assessment at Al-Anwar Grand Mosque, Bandar Lampung
Qibla direction in mosques, historically, was determined using simple methods and traditional tools, resulting in relatively low accuracy. This study aims to analyze the methods and precision of Qibla direction at Jami’ Al-Anwar Mosque, Bandar Lampung, using a qualitative field approach supported…
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Artikel Jurnal
Negotiating the New Moon: Social Media and the Dynamics of Hijri Calendar Determination among Muslims
Social media has become a primary platform for Muslims to access religious information, including the determination of the Hijri month, which is central to worship such as Ramadan fasting, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha. This study explores how social media shapes understandings and debates regarding…
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Artikel Jurnal
Dynamics of the Neo-MABIMS Criteria in Determining the Beginning of the Hijri Month in Indonesia (1443–1446 H)
This study explores the ongoing variations in determining the beginning of the Hijri month in Indonesia, despite the official adoption of the Neo-MABIMS criteria by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research outlines…
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Artikel Jurnal
Revitalizing Traditional Astronomical Instruments: Developing a Local Dial Model for Accurate Prayer Time Determination
This study addresses the limitations of contemporary prayer time instruments, which often require complex calculations, electricity, internet connectivity, or direct exposure to sunlight, by developing a practical, local dial–based tool for community use. Employing a Research and Development (R&D)…
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Artikel Jurnal
Critical Analysis and Reformulation of the Qibla Deviation Formula in the Book of Mekanika Benda Langit
The calculation of Qibla deviation using the formula presented in the Mekanika Benda Langit book has become widely adopted and frequently cited in academic studies. However, this method still produces noticeable inaccuracies. This research aims to identify the causes of error in the Qibla deviation…
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Artikel Jurnal
Verification of Hilāl Image Using AI-Based Web Tool in Aceh Jaya
The determination of Hijri month beginnings is frequently disputed, particularly due to the subjective nature of the ru’yah (visual sighting) method, which is affected by observer bias and atmospheric variability. This study addresses a contested hilāl sighting in Aceh Jaya for Zulhijjah 1, 1446…
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Artikel Jurnal
Global Qibla Direction Using Stellar Transit at Kaaba Latitude
The global rashd al-qiblah is currently considered the most accurate and easily applicable method for measuring the qibla direction, as it utilizes the sun’s shadow during its transit above the Kaaba. Unfortunately, this event occurs only twice a year, and the sun's disk diameter of 0.5° reduces…
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Artikel Jurnal
Reforming Lunar Calendar in Indonesia: The Academic Legacy of Muhammad Basiuni Imran
This study examines Muhammad Basiuni Imran's views on determining the beginning of the lunar month as outlined in his book entitled Ḥusn al-Jawāb ‘an Itsbāt al-Ahillah bi al-Ḥisāb. He emphasized that differences between rukyat (moon sighting) and ḥisāb (astronomical calculation) should not divide…
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Artikel Jurnal
Azimuthal Adaptation of the Moon-Based Raṣdu al-Qiblah Method
The Raṣdu al-Qiblah of the Moon is a night-time method for determining Qibla direction, but it can only be used once per night and not on specific dates due to natural limitations. This study introduces an innovation by applying azimuth difference values (+90°, +45°, -45°), allowing the method to…