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Impact of Rapid Cytologic Evaluation of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration on the Value of Adjunctive Transbronchial Biopsy in SarcoidosisTake-Home Points

Anthony J. Gerbino, MD; Daniel R. LaPorte, MD; Luke Seaburg, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: When bronchoscopy with endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is performed to diagnose sarcoidosis, rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) permits selective use of adjunctive transbronchial biopsy (aTBB), improving aTBB safety. Current sarcoidosis…

Increased Xanthine Oxidoreductase Activity in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Pulmonary Arterial HypertensionTake-Home Points

Julie C. Coursen, MD; Tijana Tuhy, MD; Adrianne Woods, CCRP dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Preclinical studies have demonstrated the importance of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) in the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) through generation of uric acid, reactive oxygen species, and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Research Question: In 2 well-characterized cohorts of…

Tolerability and Safety of Nintedanib and Immunosuppression in Autoimmune Inflammatory Myopathy-Associated Progressive Pulmonary FibrosisTake-Home Points

Deborah Assayag, MD; Benoit Brilland, MD, PhD; Marie Hudson, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Autoimmune-inflammatory myopathy-related interstitial lung diseases (AIM-ILDs) are often progressive and fibrotic. Given their rarity, little is known about the safety and tolerability of antifibrotic nintedanib in combination with immunosuppression in AIM-ILD. Research Question: Is the…

Investigating Partial Registration for Optimizing Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy Evaluations of Peripheral Lung Nodules (I-PROBE)Take-Home Points

Bryce Duchman, MD; Jaskiran K. Khosa, MD; Liqin Xu, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy has transformed the diagnostic approach to lung cancer by improving access to peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). Among these platforms, shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) relies on registration techniques to align virtual airway maps with…

Chronic Pulmonary Complications After COVID-19Take-Home Points

Tarek Mohamed M. Mansour, MD; Ahmed Abd elrady Ahmed teleb, MD; Hytham Abdalla, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Long-term pulmonary complications after COVID-19 are increasingly recognized, but few studies have characterized their progression and risk factors over extended follow-up. Research Question: What are the prevalence, progression, and predictors of chronic pulmonary complications in…

Impact of a COPD Bundled Payments for Care Innovation Program on Readmissions and Inpatient Care QualityTake-Home Points

Nathan C. Nowalk, MD; Juan C. Rojas, MD; William F. Parker, MD, PhD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: One-fifth of US patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs) are readmitted within 30 days, contributing to high morbidity and costs. Medicare included COPD in their Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) in 2014 and offered voluntary value-based COPD care…

CHEST Pulmonary Journal in 2026

Matthew C. Miles, MD, MEd

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

A 48-Year-Old Woman With Shortness of Breath and a Recent Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Sami M. Bennji, FCP; Brian Allwood, PhD; B. Jayakrishnan, FRCP dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old perimenopausal woman presented to our hospital in May 2024 with New York Heart Association functional class III dyspnea and a dry cough. Her symptoms had been ongoing for several months but worsened significantly in the weeks before admission. She reported fatigue…

Effects of Clot Burden and Distribution on Pulmonary Embolism Response Team PatientsTake-Home Points

Maanasi Samant, MD; Nathan Droz, MD; Daphne Lew, PhD, MPH dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: The importance of clot burden on CT scan in determining outcomes in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) is poorly studied. We sought to analyze the association between PE clot burden and outcomes in patients who underwent a PE response team activation. Research Question: Does clot…

Incidence, Characteristics, and Management Pathways of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in EnglandTake-Home Points

Asad Ali, FRCP; Melike Deger, MSc; Ankit Ghildiyal, MSc dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: OSA is common and can be effectively treated with CPAP. Up-to-date English epidemiologic data to inform care are scarce. Research Question: What are the incidence of OSA, patient characteristics, comorbidities, diagnostic methods, treatment pathways, and waiting times in England? Study…

Recurrent Malignant Pleural Effusion ManagementTake-Home Points

Michael J. Wright, MD; Phuong H. Nguyen, MD; Elliot D. Backer, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Guidelines recommend early definitive management (indwelling pleural catheter, pleurodesis, decortication, or combination approach) for patients with symptomatic, rapidly recurrent malignant pleural effusion (MPE). This study evaluates health care utilization among patients who received…

Mechanisms and Risk Factors of Cognitive Impairment in COPD

Sanchit Panda, MD; Matthew Walsh, MD; Ileana Anghel dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 1 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Topic Importance: Cognitive impairment (CI) is an underrecognized extrapulmonary complication of COPD. Emerging evidence suggests that CI in COPD is both highly prevalent and clinically significant, with detrimental effects on disease management, medication adherence, exacerbation risk, and quality…

The Growing Use of Copy-Paste and Its Impact on Creation and Propagation of Documentation Errors

Ryan Grattan, MD; Sarah T. Florig, MS; Tanuj Devra, MS dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Electronic health records have introduced tools to improve administrative productivity, but they also pose challenges that may affect documentation accuracy and clinical decisions, especially in high-acuity patients. Research Question: What is the prevalence and evolution of copy-paste…

Medium-Dose Compared With High-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroids in Combination Triple Inhaler Therapy for Asthma

Samantha Warhurst, PhD; Ryan Cullen, MBChB; Ross Sayers, MBBS dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Combination inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting beta 2 -agonist (LABA)/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) triple therapy is used in severe asthma. The clinical effect of high-dose (HD) vs medium-dose (MD) ICSs in ICS/LABA/LAMA is unclear. Research Question: What is the…

Enhancing Diagnostic Yield

Nihar Shah, MBBS; Roshen Mathew, MD, DAABIP; Hasnain Bawaadam, MD, MPH, FCCP, DAABIP dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is widely used for evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy, particularly in lung cancer diagnosis. However, its diagnostic effectiveness may be limited for conditions such as granulomatous disease and lymphoma…

The Financial Burden of Prescribed Medications in COPD

Jeenat Mehareen, MA; Mohsen Sadatsafavi, MD, PhD; Phalgun Joshi, PhD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Medication costs are an important component of chronic disease burden. Among individuals with COPD, medication costs have increased consistently over time. Research Question: What excess medication costs are observed among individuals with COPD compared with those without COPD, and what…

Performance Characteristics and 2-Year Outcomes of Digital Tomosynthesis-Assisted Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy in a Community Hospital

Elizabeth M. Sain, DO, RD; Brandon T. Rapier, MD; Michael J. Forte, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: The long-term performance characteristics of digital tomosynthesis-assisted electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (DT-ENB) has not been evaluated in the community setting. Research Question: What is the diagnostic yield and 2-year diagnostic accuracy of DT-ENB in a typical pulmonary…

Resource Utilization and Timeliness of Care in Patients With Incidentally Detected Lung Nodules

Kevin N. Zhou, BA; Mina Habib, MPH; In-Lu Amy Liu, MS dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Management of patients with incidental lung nodules varies widely, leading to possible disparities in patient outcomes. Here, we describe resource utilization and timeliness of care for patients with incidental nodules measuring ≥ 9 mm in size, a threshold at which multiple options…

Real-World Experience of Midodrine in Hospital Setting in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Noah Giese, MD; Zeenat Safdar, MD, MS; Anisha Mulumudi, BA dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a progressive disease, is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and leads to right ventricular failure and premature death. PAH therapies aim to reduce PVR; however, these treatments as vasodilators may also result in…

A 45-Year-Old Woman With a Persistent Cavitary Consolidation

Anant Jain, MBBS; Nao Hara, MD; Marina Keller, MD dkk.

CHEST Pulmonary, Vol. 4 No. 3 · 2026 · Inggris · DOAJ Scopus

Case Presentation: A 45-year-old woman with medical history significant only for benign breast disease presented to our institution in New York State with reports of nonproductive cough for 7 months as well as left chest and back pain for the preceding 2 weeks. There were no constitutional…