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Academia Medicine
ISSN 2994-435X · Academia.edu Journals · 94 artikel di indeks
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Artikel Jurnal
Associations of urinary NGAL with body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in obesity-related kidney injury
The global prevalence of obesity has increased markedly, contributing to morbidities such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity-related kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with obesity often progresses silently, making early diagnosis challenging. Traditional…
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Therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal encephalopathy: current challenges and future prospects
Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment globally. Currently, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) represents the only evidence-based neuroprotective treatment for moderate-to-severe neonatal HIE, having resulted in consistent…
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Emergent pan-integrase inhibitor resistance in HIV: first reported case from the Indian subcontinent
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are highly valued for their efficacy, safety, and high resistance barrier in antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, reports of emergent INSTI-selected mutations causing resistance are rising. We report the first case of emergent pan-INSTI resistance in…
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Coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula in an older adult: diagnostic and treatment insights
Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are rare vascular anomalies involving an aberrant connection between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber, great vessel, or other vascular structure. A thorough understanding of the unusual anatomy of these fistulae is important for recognizing their effects on…
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Isolated gastric tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient without pulmonary involvement
Gastric tuberculosis (TB) is rare and often overlooked, particularly in immunocompetent individuals, due to its non-specific symptoms. We report a case of a 57-year-old male with coronary artery disease who presented with epigastric pain, anorexia, and weight loss. Ultrasonography (USG) and…
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Impact of implementing the neonatal early-onset sepsis calculator in two units in Colombia
Background: Early-onset neonatal sepsis poses a significant challenge due to its impact on neonatal health outcomes. Empirical antibiotic treatment often leads to unnecessary antibiotic use and hospitalizations, as well as excessive ordering of laboratory tests. The early-onset sepsis calculator…
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Umbilical artery thrombosis in pregnancy: risk factors, diagnosis, management, and outcomes
Background: Umbilical artery thrombosis is an uncommon event in pregnancy. Data is limited to case reports and case series. Objectives: The purpose of this review is to examine the etiology, risk factors, incidence, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of pregnancies complicated by umbilical artery…
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Etiology, biochemical profile, and medications associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients in Saudi Arabia
Secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is a challenge for nephrologists, and its diagnosis and treatment take a huge effort from healthcare providers due to its associated clinical complications. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, biochemical profile, and…
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Comparison of catheter and CT biventricular pressure-volume analysis during pressure overload
Background: Admittance catheter-derived pressure–volume (PV) analysis offers the ability to assess dynamic changes in ventricular performance. The present study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of biventricular PV analysis by comparing admittance catheter-derived measurements…
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Climate change and urological health in sub-Saharan Africa: neglected risks and solutions
Climate change significantly threatens public health, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with underexplored impacts on urological health. Rising temperatures, water scarcity, and ecological shifts have fuelled increasing rates of kidney stones, urinary tract infections (UTIs), chronic kidney…
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Short-term advantages of high-intensity interval training for cardiovascular health among high-risk adults
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) cause significant global morbidity and mortality. Exercise is recognized as an essential preventive strategy. Objective: To review nine observational studies evaluating the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance training, and high-intensity interval…
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Lifelong high-fat, high-sucrose diet causes sex-specific heart dysfunction in mouse offspring
Maternal obesity and high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diets during development increase cardiometabolic risk in offspring, but long-term, sex-specific cardiac effects remain underexplored. This study examined how continuous HFHS exposure impacts cardiac function in male and female mice. Female dams…
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Biomarker-based assessment for predicting sepsis-induced coagulopathy and outcomes in intensive care
Background: Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to acquired coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with suppressed fibrinolytic activity. Currently, practical prognostic tools for assessing…
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Factors influencing the success of coronary artery bypass grafting
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is widely recognized as the optimal revascularization strategy for patients with complex coronary artery disease (CAD), especially in cases involving multi-vessel disease or significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery. Despite advances in…
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Global trends and practices in coronary artery bypass surgery
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains a cornerstone in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD), evolving with advancements in surgical techniques, personalized medicine, and artificial intelligence-driven decision-making. This narrative review examines the historical progression of…
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Cholecystectomy outcomes across income levels: analysis of the SPRiMACC global database
Background: Acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is a common surgical emergency globally, with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) representing the gold standard treatment. However, access to LC varies significantly across countries with different income levels, reflecting broader global disparities…
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Digital pathology and AI in forensic medicine: advances, limitations, and medico-legal utility
Digital pathology (DP) is revolutionizing forensic histopathology through enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility in post-mortem evaluation. Traditional histopathological evaluations are founded on physical slides and light microscopy, which are time-consuming, susceptible to human error…
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Aeroallergen sensitivity patterns in nasobronchial allergy patients from Garhwal, North India
Introduction: Nasobronchial allergy remains a substantial public health concern in India. In this part of North India (Garhwal), data on allergen sensitivity patterns are limited. This study aimed to identify the pattern of aeroallergen sensitivity among patients with nasobronchial allergies…
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The link between insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and increased mortality risk
The analysis of the literature clearly shows that a chronic increase in circulating insulin levels associated with insulin resistance (IR) causes great damage to the body over time. In fact, insulininsulin levels are related to the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cellular…
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Machine learning algorithms to detect patient–ventilator asynchrony: a feasibility study
Background: Effective ventilatory support requires regular assessments of patient–ventilator interactions. Developing a dependable, automated method for this evaluation is crucial. We explored the feasibility of using machine learning algorithms to replicate the assessment of breathing patterns by…