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Academia Oncology
ISSN 2998-7741 · Academia.edu Journals · 112 artikel di indeks
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Immunotherapy response and resistance in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer globally. Over the last decade, the treatment of the disease has been transformed with the use of immune checkpoint blockade. In the recurrent and metastatic setting, ~50% overall response rates can be achieved, with…
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Cerebral microbleeds and cavernomas after radiotherapy for brain tumors: a literature review and illustrative cases
Improved survival after multimodal treatment of primary brain tumors has increased recognition of long-term neurologic sequelae, particularly radiation-induced vascular injury. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), visible as hypointense foci on susceptibility-sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and…
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Is submental flap oncologically safe in oral cancer with nodal metastases? A study of 2020 cases
Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the leading malignancies, and its surgical treatment frequently results in complex defects that warrant reconstruction. Although the submental flap (SMF) is a versatile locoregional option, its oncological safety remains debated because of its close proximity to…
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Feasibility of adding fingolimod to radiation to reduce lymphopenia in rodents and glioma patients
Introduction: Severe and long-lasting lymphopenia occurs in 40% of patients with malignant gliomas and is associated with inferior survival. Inadvertent irradiation of circulating lymphocytes is a major contributor to this lymphopenia. Fingolimod causes striking but reversible lymphopenia by…
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Circulating tumour DNA in colorectal cancer: current and emerging clinical applications
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), often referred to as liquid biopsy, is a promising, minimally invasive biomarker in both early-stage and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In early-stage CRC, ctDNA allows the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) after curative-intent surgery, enabling the…
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Socioecological barriers interrupting hepatitis B and liver cancer care engagement among USA immigrant groups
Introduction: In the United States, immigrant communities of Asian and Pacific Islander (API), African and Caribbean origin are disproportionately burdened by hepatitis B and primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). The present study sought to explore the multidimensional factors spanning…
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Does artificial intelligence provide value for money in oncology care? A personal perspective
Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds the promise of more accurate, efficient, and accessible healthcare. In the field of oncology, we experience rapidly evolving possibilities with AI. This paper describes recent insights into the potential benefits of AI at four levels of the health…
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GLP-1/GIP agonists and cancer: mechanisms, evidence, and nutrition implications
Obesity and diabetes increase cancer risk through insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and altered growth signaling. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonists reshape this metabolic milieu and are increasingly…
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Clinical and community perspectives on sport-based care for young adults with testicular cancer
Introduction: Testicular cancer is one of the most curable malignancies; however, a growing number of men live with the physical and mental health sequelae of the disease and its related treatments. Although supportive care research and programs for this population have expanded, engagement remains…
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From undruggable to actionable: advances in KRAS targeting in colorectal cancer
KRAS (Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) mutations occur in approximately 40–50% of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and have long been associated with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies and poor clinical outcomes. Historically considered…
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Retrospective audit of contraception and sexual health in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients
Introduction: For women with breast cancer, contraception is a challenge in the management of their sexual and reproductive health, and sexual health problems are overlooked despite being commonly experienced side effects of anti-cancer therapies. The objective was to describe trends in…
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Case report: safe reintroduction of pembrolizumab after anti-LGI1 encephalitis
Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improved the survival of patients with advanced malignancies. However, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can be severe.Case presentation: Here, we present a 69-year-old male patient with metastatic…
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Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for locally advanced oral cavity cancer: a narrative review
Locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) presents a significant challenge, with survival rates remaining poor despite advances in surgical technique and chemoradiation. While induction chemotherapy has historically failed to demonstrate a clear survival benefit, the emergence of…
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A scoping review of image-based artificial intelligence decision support tools in thoracic oncology
Thoracic malignancies, driven primarily by lung cancer, are the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown considerable potential in thoracic oncology, particularly in medical imaging-based applications that improve diagnosis and prognosis. Although many…
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Individualized treatment for non-metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer: current practice and future perspectives
The management of non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is undergoing a profound paradigm shift from a uniform, stage-based approach to a personalized, risk-adapted strategy. This review synthesizes the current landscape and future directions of individualized treatment. Contemporary…
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Neighborhood-level disadvantage and lifestyle-based supportive care in head and neck cancer: insights from the Midwestern United States
Survivorship care in head and neck cancer (HNC) is complex, influenced by tumor site, treatment modality, and social determinants of health. Neighborhood-level factors may affect cancer outcomes, yet the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on HNC survival remains underexplored. This study examined…
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Radiotherapy decisions across age groups in early-stage breast cancer
Background: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) remains the standard of care for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC), supported by decades of randomized trials demonstrating reduced local recurrence and improved survival. Recent advances in radiobiology, molecular…
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Sonidegib for management of periocular basal cell carcinoma: case report and literature review
Treatment of periocular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is difficult due to proximity to critical structures, including the eye and intracranial areas. Systemic hedgehog pathway inhibitor therapy (HHIT), including vismodegib and sonidegib, has emerged as a nonsurgical alternative, approved as…
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The importance of ever-evolving phase 1 trials in oncology
Phase 1 clinical trials are a critical step in oncology drug development. Historically, these first-in-human trials focused on dose–toxicity profiling in heterogeneous populations. With the emergence of novel anticancer therapies, trial design has shifted toward model-based and adaptive…
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Nodal stage migration and occult metastases in salvage laryngo(pharyng)ectomy
Introduction: The role of elective neck dissection (END) in clinically node-negative patients undergoing primary or salvage total laryngectomy (STL) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate nodal stage migration and the rate of occult nodal metastases in patients undergoing…