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Implementing the Lung Donor (LUNDON) acceptability score in U.S. donor management and transplant decision-making: A multi-aim, mixed-methods protocol
Background: Despite advances in transplantation science, a persistent shortage of donor lungs continues to limit access to life-saving lung transplants. The Lung Donor (LUNDON) Acceptability Score is a validated tool that predicts donor lung utilization and post-transplant recipient outcomes, but…
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Availability of Hib, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus, and HPV vaccines in China: Implication for equity in access to immunization services
Vaccines are cornerstones of public health, yet equitable access remains a major global challenge. While China has achieved sustained high coverage of National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccines, some WHO-recommended cost-effective non-NIP vaccines, such as Hib, pneumococcal conjugate (PCV)…
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Controlled comparative study of YOLOv8-Pose, YOLOv11-Pose, and Detectron2 for vertebrae detection and keypoint estimation
Accurate vertebrae detection with precise keypoint localization is essential for medical image analysis and clinical applications, such as spinal alignment assessment. This study presents a controlled, task-driven comparison of four pose-based deep learning models for vertebrae detection and…
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Hepatitis C distribution across diverse population groups in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: An umbrella review
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major public health challenge in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), with prevalence varying across population groups. This umbrella review summarizes the distribution of HCV infection across diverse populations in the region. Methods: We conducted…
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Experience and satisfaction towards palliative care in an Ethiopian tertiary care setting: A mixed methods study of patients with cancer and caregivers
Patients and caregivers often face significant challenges in addressing palliative care needs in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess patients treated for cancer and family caregiver satisfaction and experience towards palliative care at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). An explanatory…
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LHW-Net: An ensemble-based machine learning framework for brain tumor classification
The classification of brain tumors is an unsolved problem associated with heterogeneity of tumors and fluctuations in imaging conditions. In this work, the investigation introduces a powerful novel framework, named LHW-Net that combines handcrafted features called local binary patterns (LBP)…
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Social prescribing programs involving unpaid caregivers: A scoping review
Unpaid caregivers face significant health challenges due to the sustained demands of their roles. Social prescribing is a model of care that may help unpaid caregivers connect with non-medical community-based support systems to improve their health and well-being. Given the growing interest in…
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Evaluating large language model performance and reliability in scoring picture description tasks for neuropsychological assessment
Picture description tasks, such as the Cookie Theft task, are widely used in neuropsychological assessments to detect cognitive impairment. However, manual scoring is time-consuming, requires specialized training, and is subject to interrater variability. Recent advancements in natural language…
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Serological responses to killed oral cholera vaccine (OCV) when given 4 years after initial receipt of OCV in Cameroon: A randomized controlled trial
Oral cholera vaccination (OCV) is one of strategies to help control cholera with two doses recommended as initial vaccination and booster doses recommended 3–5 years later to prevent future outbreaks. There is no actual recommendation on the number of doses required during booster vaccination. An…
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First insight into genetic diversity of two sympatric marten species between the Alps and Adriatic islands
Closely related species occupying the same geographical area may exhibit markedly different genetic patterns due to differences in evolutionary history, ecology and behaviour. In this study, a population genetics approach is applied to investigate the genetic structure, diversity, and connectivity…
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Toward leveraging intrinsic point cloud features in 3D adversarial attacks
Adversarial attacks pose serious challenges for deep neural network (DNN)-based analysis of various input signals. In the case of three-dimensional point clouds, methods have been developed to identify points that play a key role in network decision, and these become crucial in generating existing…
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Norm-based measures of inequality: A property-focused evaluation
Norm-based inequality measures are developed within the unequally distributed/relative unequally distributed (UD/RUD) framework by applying the L1 norm and the squared L2 norm to the cumulative distribution and quantile function (CDQF), the quantile function (QF), and their combined representation…
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Stability analysis of nonlinear algebraic-differential equations with 2-delays and numerical methods
This paper investigates stability analysis and numerical approaches for nonlinear delay differential-algebraic equations with 2-delays. Based on asymptotic stability considerations for Hessenberg type delay differential-algebraic equations, we develop a stability analysis approach using direct…
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Dual-temporal inflow–outflow dependency modeling for short-term metro outflow prediction
Recent advances in deep learning have substantially improved short-term metro passenger flow prediction. However, existing approaches often inadequately model the dependency of outflow on inflow and typically rely on predefined station correlation graphs, which limits modeling flexibility and…
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Performance inflation in junior tennis: Longitudinal analysis and Bayesian forecasting of ranking thresholds, efficiency, and access equity
This study examined long-term trends, systemic dynamics, and predictive trajectories of junior male tennis performance within the International Tennis Federation (ITF) World Tennis Tour Juniors between 2004 and 2024. Using a longitudinal dataset of 8,082 ranked players, percentile-based performance…
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Relationship between hypertension during dialysis and body composition in non-overweight/overweight obese patients
Body composition parameters (such as BMI and waist-to-hip ratio) have a certain predictive value for blood pressure. In patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), BMI can affect dialysis adequacy and blood pressure control levels, and there are differences in body composition at different…
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Artificial intelligence for monitoring hand hygiene compliance in healthcare settings: A scoping review
Background: Hand hygiene is a fundamental measure for preventing healthcare-associated infections, yet traditional monitoring methods are significantly limited by the Hawthorne effect, high resource demands, and an inability to assess procedural quality. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has…
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Perspective of Liberian surgical care providers on ethical issues in global surgical collaborations
As the field of global surgery develops, increased attention is being paid to its ethical considerations. However, there is a dearth of research on ethical challenges in global surgery that includes the voices of providers from Low- and Middle-Income Countries. This project seeks to understand the…
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Systemic sclerosis: Characterizing candidate retinal and choroidal imaging features using optical coherence tomography
Objectives: Systemic sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and fibrosis, capable of affecting virtually any organ system, including the eyes. Optical coherence tomography is a non – invasive imaging technique that enables high-resolution cross-sectional…
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Comparison and trends in outcomes of inborn and outborn infants born before 33 weeks’ gestation
Objective: To compare clinical care and outcome of preterm infants born in a tertiary neonatal unit with those requiring early postnatal transport to the same unit, and analyze their trends over a 9-year period. Study Design: A retrospective study of infants born before 33 weeks’ gestation between…
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