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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
The Tessellated Monkey: Parsing the Functional Fields of the Auditory Cortex
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
A Protean Insect Receptor Holds the Key to Broad-Based Pathogen Recognition
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Functional Imaging Reveals Numerous Fields in the Monkey Auditory Cortex
Anatomical studies propose that the primate auditory cortex contains more fields than have actually been functionally confirmed or described. Spatially resolved functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with carefully designed acoustical stimulation could be ideally suited to extend our…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Global Patterns of Geographic Range Size in Birds
Large-scale patterns of spatial variation in species geographic range size are central to many fundamental questions in macroecology and conservation biology. However, the global nature of these patterns has remained contentious, since previous studies have been geographically restricted and/or…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
AgDscam, a Hypervariable Immunoglobulin Domain-Containing Receptor of the Anopheles gambiae Innate Immune System
Activation of the insect innate immune system is dependent on a limited number of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) capable of interacting with pathogen-associated molecular pattern. Here we report a novel role of an alternatively spliced hypervariable immunoglobulin domain-encoding gene, Dscam…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Excitatory and Feed-Forward Inhibitory Hippocampal Synapses Work Synergistically as an Adaptive Filter of Natural Spike Trains
Short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) is an important mechanism for modifying neural circuits during computation. Although STP is much studied, its role in the processing of complex natural spike patterns is unknown. Here we analyze the responses of excitatory and inhibitory hippocampal synapses to…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
The BARD1 Cys557Ser Variant and Breast Cancer Risk in Iceland
Background: Most, if not all, of the cellular functions of the BRCA1 protein are mediated through heterodimeric complexes composed of BRCA1 and a related protein, BARD1. Some breast-cancer-associated BRCA1 missense mutations disrupt the function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex. It is therefore pertinent…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Embryonic Pig Pancreatic Tissue Transplantation for the Treatment of Diabetes
Background: Transplantation of embryonic pig pancreatic tissue as a source of insulin has been suggested for the cure of diabetes. However, previous limited clinical trials failed in their attempts to treat diabetic patients by transplantation of advanced gestational age porcine embryonic pancreas…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Mutation of von Hippel–Lindau Tumour Suppressor and Human Cardiopulmonary Physiology
Background: The von Hippel–Lindau tumour suppressor protein–hypoxia-inducible factor (VHL–HIF) pathway has attracted widespread medical interest as a transcriptional system controlling cellular responses to hypoxia, yet insights into its role in systemic human physiology remain limited. Chuvash…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Adaptation to Different Human Populations by HIV-1 Revealed by Codon-Based Analyses
Several codon-based methods are available for detecting adaptive evolution in protein-coding sequences, but to date none specifically identify sites that are selected differentially in two populations, although such comparisons between populations have been historically useful in identifying the…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Assessing the Accuracy of Ancestral Protein Reconstruction Methods
The phylogenetic inference of ancestral protein sequences is a powerful technique for the study of molecular evolution, but any conclusions drawn from such studies are only as good as the accuracy of the reconstruction method. Every inference method leads to errors in the ancestral protein…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Parametric Alignment of Drosophila Genomes
The classic algorithms of Needleman–Wunsch and Smith–Waterman find a maximum a posteriori probability alignment for a pair hidden Markov model (PHMM). To process large genomes that have undergone complex genome rearrangements, almost all existing whole genome alignment methods apply fast heuristics…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
The Life-Cycle of Operons
Operons are a major feature of all prokaryotic genomes, but how and why operon structures vary is not well understood. To elucidate the life-cycle of operons, we compared gene order between Escherichia coli K12 and its relatives and identified the recently formed and destroyed operons in E. coli…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
The Dynamics of Homologous Pairing during Mating Type Interconversion in Budding Yeast
Cells repair most double-strand breaks (DSBs) that arise during replication or by environmental insults through homologous recombination, a high-fidelity process critical for maintenance of genomic integrity. However, neither the detailed mechanism of homologous recombination nor the specific roles…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
A Systematic Map of Genetic Variation in Plasmodium falciparum
Discovering novel genes involved in immune evasion and drug resistance in the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is of critical importance to global health. Such knowledge may assist in the development of new effective vaccines and in the appropriate use of antimalarial drugs. By…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Antibody-Independent Control of γ-Herpesvirus Latency via B Cell Induction of Anti-Viral T Cell Responses
B cells can use antibody-dependent mechanisms to control latent viral infections. It is unknown whether this represents the sole function of B cells during chronic viral infection. We report here that hen egg lysozyme (HEL)-specific B cells can contribute to the control of murine γ-herpesvirus 68…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Host-Specific Response to HCV Infection in the Chimeric SCID-beige/Alb-uPA Mouse Model: Role of the Innate Antiviral Immune Response
The severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID)-beige/albumin (Alb)-urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) mouse containing a human-mouse chimeric liver is currently the only small animal model capable of supporting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This model was utilized to characterize the…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Retroviral DNA Integration: Viral and Cellular Determinants of Target-Site Selection
Retroviruses differ in their preferences for sites for viral DNA integration in the chromosomes of infected cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrates preferentially within active transcription units, whereas murine leukemia virus (MLV) integrates preferentially near transcription start…
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