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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Shield as Signal: Lipopolysaccharides and the Evolution of Immunity to Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Metazoan Scc4 Homologs Link Sister Chromatid Cohesion to Cell and Axon Migration Guidance
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Scc2 binds Scc4 to form an essential complex that loads cohesin onto chromosomes. The prevalence of Scc2 orthologs in eukaryotes emphasizes a conserved role in regulating sister chromatid cohesion, but homologs of Scc4 have not hitherto been identified outside certain…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Ancient Protein Partners Take on Additional Roles in Multicellular Animals
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Is Avoiding an Aversive Outcome Rewarding? Neural Substrates of Avoidance Learning in the Human Brain
Avoidance learning poses a challenge for reinforcement-based theories of instrumental conditioning, because once an aversive outcome is successfully avoided an individual may no longer experience extrinsic reinforcement for their behavior. One possible account for this is to propose that avoiding…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Prevalence and Evolution of Core Photosystem II Genes in Marine Cyanobacterial Viruses and Their Hosts
Cyanophages (cyanobacterial viruses) are important agents of horizontal gene transfer among marine cyanobacteria, the numerically dominant photosynthetic organisms in the oceans. Some cyanophage genomes carry and express host-like photosynthesis genes, presumably to augment the host photosynthetic…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Human Monoclonal Antibody Combination against SARS Coronavirus: Synergy and Coverage of Escape Mutants
Background: Experimental animal data show that protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection with human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is feasible. For an effective immune prophylaxis in humans, broad coverage of different strains of SARS-CoV and control of…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Background: Despite the existence of effective drug treatments, tuberculosis (TB) causes 2 million deaths annually worldwide. Effective treatment is complicated by multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) strains that respond only to second-line drugs. We projected the health benefits and cost-effectiveness…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Uptake of Workplace HIV Counselling and Testing: A Cluster-Randomised Trial in Zimbabwe
Background: HIV counselling and testing is a key component of both HIV care and HIV prevention, but uptake is currently low. We investigated the impact of rapid HIV testing at the workplace on uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT). Methods and Findings: The study was a…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Advice from a Medical Expert through the Internet on Queries about AIDS and Hepatitis: Analysis of a Pilot Experiment
Background: Advice from a medical expert on concerns and queries expressed anonymously through the Internet by patients and later posted on the Web, offers a new type of patient–doctor relationship. The aim of the current study was to perform a descriptive analysis of questions about AIDS and…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
The State of Child Health and Human Rights in Nepal
Time is running out for the children of Nepal, say the authors. These children will face an uncertain future unless their health and human rights are urgently addressed.
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Predicting Survival within the Lung Cancer Histopathological Hierarchy Using a Multi-Scale Genomic Model of Development
Background: The histopathologic heterogeneity of lung cancer remains a significant confounding factor in its diagnosis and prognosis—spurring numerous recent efforts to find a molecular classification of the disease that has clinical relevance. Methods and Findings: Molecular profiles of tumors…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Training and HIV-Treatment Scale-Up: Establishing an Implementation Research Agenda
McCarthy and colleagues discuss the various approaches to training the health workforce for an expanding HIV treatment program in a resource-limited setting.
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Identification of Genome-Scale Metabolic Network Models Using Experimentally Measured Flux Profiles
Genome-scale metabolic network models can be reconstructed for well-characterized organisms using genomic annotation and literature information. However, there are many instances in which model predictions of metabolic fluxes are not entirely consistent with experimental data, indicating that the…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Systematic Analysis of Head-to-Head Gene Organization: Evolutionary Conservation and Potential Biological Relevance
Several “head-to-head” (or “bidirectional”) gene pairs have been studied in individual experiments, but genome-wide analysis of this gene organization, especially in terms of transcriptional correlation and functional association, is still insufficient. We conducted a systematic investigation of…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Emergence of Protein Fold Families through Rational Design
Diverse proteins with similar structures are grouped into families of homologs and analogs, if their sequence similarity is higher or lower, respectively, than 20%–30%. It was suggested that protein homologs and analogs originate from a common ancestor and diverge in their distinct evolutionary…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Single-Molecule Dynamics Reveals Cooperative Binding-Folding in Protein Recognition
The study of associations between two biomolecules is the key to understanding molecular function and recognition. Molecular function is often thought to be determined by underlying structures. Here, combining a single-molecule study of protein binding with an energy-landscape–inspired microscopic…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Human Imprinted Chromosomal Regions Are Historical Hot-Spots of Recombination
Human recombination rates vary along the chromosomes as well as between the two sexes. There is growing evidence that epigenetic factors may have an important influence on recombination rates, as well as on crossover position. Using both public database analysis and wet-bench approaches, we…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Potent Induction of Arabidopsis thaliana Flowering by Elevated Growth Temperature
The transition to flowering is an important event in the plant life cycle and is modulated by several environmental factors including photoperiod, light quality, vernalization, and growth temperature, as well as biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to light and vernalization, little is known…
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