54 results for "Jeremy Howick"
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Journal Article
Patient and Practitioner Perspectives on the Definition and Measurement of Therapeutic Empathy: Qualitative Study
Abstract BackgroundMost definitions of therapeutic empathy are based on practitioners’ perspectives, and few account for patients’ views. Therefore, we do not understand what therapeutic empathy means to patients. Given that therapeutic empathy involves a relationship between patients and…
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Journal Article
Establishing a causal link between social relationships and health using the Bradford Hill Guidelines
An abundance of evidence suggests that the size and quality of our social relationships improves humans' physical and mental health while increasing lifespan. However most of this evidence comes from observational rather than experimental (randomised trial) evidence, leaving open the possibility…
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Journal Article
Mindfulness-based programmes to reduce stress and enhance well-being at work: a realist review
Objectives To understand how and why workplace mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) work or do not work.Design A realist review.Eligibility criteria for selection We considered any studies (experimental quasi-experimental, observational, qualitative and mixed-methods studies) of workplace MBPs as…
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Journal Article
Empathy and burnout in healthcare professionals: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Previous reviews have investigated the relationship between empathy and burnout. However, these are now out of date, did not capture the effect of the pandemic, did not include healthcare professionals other than doctors and nurses or medical students, did not assess the impact of…
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Journal Article
Impact of artificial intelligence integrations on empathy in healthcare interactions between patients and practitioners: protocol for a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies
Introduction Empathic healthcare improves patient satisfaction with care, anxiety and pain, while reducing practitioner burnout. Artificial intelligence (AI) is continuously advancing and changing the context of empathy in healthcare. While AI may improve diagnostic accuracy or help streamline…
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Journal Article
Rapid overview of systematic reviews of nocebo effects reported by patients taking placebos in clinical trials
Abstract Background Trial participants in placebo groups report experiencing adverse events (AEs). Existing systematic reviews have not been synthesized, leaving questions about why these events occur as well as their prevalence across different conditions unanswered. Objectives (1)To synthesize…
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Journal Article
The impacts of high-fidelity and virtual reality simulation on the development of non-technical skills in healthcare students and professionals: protocol for a systematic review
Introduction Deficiencies in non-technical skills—including communication and leadership—are well-established causes of clinical errors in healthcare. Healthcare students and professionals increasingly use high-fidelity and virtual reality (VR) simulation to replicate clinical practice, through…
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Journal Article
When describing harms and benefits to potential trial participants, participant information leaflets are inadequate
Abstract Background Providing informed consent for trials requires providing trial participants with comprehensive information about the trial, including information about potential risks and benefits. It is required by the ethical principle of respecting patient autonomy. Our study examines the…
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Journal Article
A survey of clinical empathy training at UK medical schools
Abstract Background The benefits of enhancing practitioner empathy include better patient outcomes and improved job satisfaction for practitioners. Evidence suggests empathy can be taught and empathy is listed as an outcome for graduates in the General Medical Council requirements. Despite this…
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Journal Article
The development, delivery, and evaluation of novel longitudinal empathy-focused communication skills training at a UK medical school
Background: Empathy benefits patients and clinicians, yet medical students' empathy often declines during training. A key factor is that communication skills teaching is rarely empathy-focused, evidence-based, or longitudinal. Aim: To establish principles of best practice for training and…
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Journal Article
Does empathy decline in the clinical phase of medical education? A study of students at Leicester medical school
Objective: To examine whether medical student empathy changes throughout the five years of a UK medical school. Methods: Students completed an online version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE-S) during the 2022–2023 academic year. Comparisons of empathy scores were made using analysis of…
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Journal Article
Assessing the effect of empathy-enhancing interventions in health education and training: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Objective To estimate the effect of empathy interventions in health education and training from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Methods MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2019 for RCTs investigating the effect of empathy-enhancing…
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Journal Article
How does communication affect patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review and logic model
Introduction One in 10 patients are harmed in healthcare, more than three million deaths occur annually worldwide due to patient safety incidents, and the economic burden of patient safety incidents accounts for 15% of hospital expenditure. Poor communication between patients and practitioners is a…
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Journal Article
How Do Nocebo Phenomena Provide a Theoretical Framework for the COVID-19 Pandemic?
The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health issue, which leads to psychological and behavioural changes. In particular, among various negative feelings, fear seems to be one of the main emotional reactions that can be as contagious as the virus itself. The actual pandemic is likely to function as an…
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Journal Article
A discursive exploration of public perspectives on placebos and their effects
There is increasing evidence that placebos could be effective in clinical practice. However, knowledge of public perspectives on placebos is underdeveloped. We conducted a discourse analysis of internet comments on news articles related to placebos, aiming to improve this knowledge for clinicians…
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Journal Article
Call for Action to Address Equity and Justice Divide During COVID-19
The coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is deepening the inequity and injustice among the vulnerable communities. The current study aims to present an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on equity and social justice with a focus on vulnerable communities. Vulnerable communities include, but not…
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Journal Article
Patient Involvement to Promote Empathy in Preclinical Medical Students: Cross-Sectional Intervention Study
Abstract BackgroundDespite increasing patient involvement in medical education, research has predominantly focused on involvement in small-group teaching. This study explored what it means to actively and meaningfully involve patients in large-group, lecture-based teaching while avoiding historical…
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Journal Article Full text
The Need for Randomization in Animal Trials: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Background and Objectives: Randomization, allocation concealment, and blind outcome assessment have been shown to reduce bias in human studies. Authors from the Collaborative Approach to Meta Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) collaboration recently found that…
Also available at: DOAJ
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Journal Article
Empathy in patient-clinician interactions when using telecommunication: A rapid review of the evidence
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the replacement of many face-to-face healthcare consultations with telephone consultations. Little is known about the extent to which empathy can be expressed in telephone consultations. Our objective is to review evidence related to empathy in…