25 hasil untuk "Victoria Simms"
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Impact of Friendship Bench problem-solving therapy on adherence to ART in young people living with HIV in Zimbabwe: A qualitative study
Background: Adolescents and young people globally are highly vulnerable to poor mental health especially depression, and they account for 36% of new HIV infections in Eastern and Southern Africa. HIV services remain inadequate for this population and their adherence to ART is low. The Friendship…
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A Decade Later, How Much of Rwanda's Musculoskeletal Impairment Is Caused by the War in 1994 and by Related Violence?
Background: In 1994 there was a horrific genocide in Rwanda following years of tension, resulting in the murder of at least 800,000 people. Although many people were injured in addition to those killed, no attempt has been made to assess the lasting burden of physical injuries related to these…
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Understanding arithmetic concepts: The role of domain-specific and domain-general skills
A large body of research has identified cognitive skills associated with overall mathematics achievement, focusing primarily on identifying associates of procedural skills. Conceptual understanding, however, has received less attention, despite its importance for the development of mathematics…
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Higher level domain specific skills in mathematics; The relationship between algebra, geometry, executive function skills and mathematics achievement
Algebra and geometry are important components of mathematics that are often considered gatekeepers for future success. However, most studies that have researched the cognitive skills required for success in mathematics have only considered the domain of arithmetic. We extended models of…
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Individual Differences in Inhibitory Control, Not Non-Verbal Number Acuity, Correlate with Mathematics Achievement
Given the well-documented failings in mathematics education in many Western societies, there has been an increased interest in understanding the cognitive underpinnings of mathematical achievement. Recent research has proposed the existence of an Approximate Number System (ANS) which allows…
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A National Survey of Musculoskeletal Impairment in Rwanda: Prevalence, Causes and Service Implications
Background: Accurate information on the prevalence and causes of musculoskeletal impairment (MSI) is lacking in low income countries. We present a new survey methodology that is based on sound epidemiological principles and is linked to the World Health Organisation's International Classification…
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Effect of a brief psychological intervention for common mental disorders on HIV viral suppression: A non-randomised controlled study of the Friendship Bench in Zimbabwe
Background: For people living with co-morbid HIV and common mental disorders (CMD), it is not known whether a brief psychological intervention for CMD can improve HIV viral suppression. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in eight primary care clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe, enrolling…
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A conceptualization and psychometric evaluation of positive psychological outcome measures used in adolescents and young adults living with HIV: A mixed scoping and systematic review
Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa bears the greatest burden of HIV, with comorbid mental conditions highly prevalent in people living with HIV. It is important to evaluate the mental health of adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALHIV) comprehensively by measuring both negative and…
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Methods for measuring body composition in Zambian adolescents living with HIV
Assessment of body composition can be useful in managing many clinical or public health conditions, including HIV. Most people living with HIV infection are in Africa where clinics may lack equipment, utilities or staff time for optimal body composition assessment. Thus, it is important to…
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Screening tool to identify adolescents living with HIV in a community setting in Zimbabwe: A validation study
Introduction: A simple cost-effective strategy to pre-screen for targeted HIV testing can have substantial benefit in high burden and resource limited settings. A 4-item (previous hospitalisation, orphanhood, poor health status, and recurring skin problems) screening tool to identify adolescents…
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Adherence to additional medication for management of HIV-associated comorbidities among older children and adolescents taking antiretroviral therapy
Background: Management of co-morbidities among persons living with HIV is an emerging priority, which may require additional medication over and above life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART). We explored factors associated with adherence to the trial drug among children and adolescents with…
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Peer-led counselling with problem discussion therapy for adolescents living with HIV in Zimbabwe: A cluster-randomised trial
…registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR201810756862405. Victoria Simms and co-workers report on a trial of problem discussion therapy for adolescents with HIV infection and common mental disorders in Zimbabwe. Why was this study done?: What did the researchers do and find?: What do…
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Effect of antiretroviral therapy on longitudinal lung function trends in older children and adolescents with HIV-infection
Introduction: Chronic respiratory disease is a common cause of morbidity in children with HIV infection. We investigated longitudinal lung function trends among HIV-infected children, to describe the evolution of lung disease and assess the effect of anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Methods…
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The costs of providing antiretroviral therapy services to HIV-infected individuals presenting with advanced HIV disease at public health centres in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Findings from a randomised trial evaluating different health care strategies
Background: Understanding the costs associated with health care delivery strategies is essential for planning. There are few data on health service resources used by patients and their associated costs within antiretroviral (ART) programmes in Africa. Material and methods: The study was nested…
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Clinical and psychosocial context of HIV perinatally infected young mothers in Harare, Zimbabwe: A longitudinal mixed-methods study
Background: The lives of adolescents and young people living with HIV (LHIV) are dominated by complex psychological and social stressors. These may be more pronounced among those perinatally infected. This longitudinal mixed-methods study describes the clinical and psychosocial challenges faced by…
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted with COVID-19 at a public-sector hospital over the first two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Harare, Zimbabwe: A prospective cohort study
Background: We investigated the clinical profile, complications, and outcomes of inpatients with COVID-19 at Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, across the first two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and factors associated with mortality. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on all patients…
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Multidimensional Patient-Reported Problems within Two Weeks of HIV Diagnosis in East Africa: A Multicentre Observational Study
Objectives: We aimed to determine for the first time the prevalence and severity of multidimensional problems in a population newly diagnosed with HIV at outpatient clinics in Africa. Methods: Recently diagnosed patients (within previous 14 days) were consecutively recruited at 11 HIV clinics in…
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Rethinking wellbeing measurement: Learning from a scale development study with adolescents living with HIV in Zimbabwe
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) in Eastern and Southern Africa experience challenges around medication adherence, mental health and wellbeing. Although interventions such as Zvandiri aim to strengthen mental health and wellbeing to impact HIV treatment outcomes, available measures often focus…
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Community burden of undiagnosed HIV infection among adolescents in Zimbabwe following primary healthcare-based provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling: A cross-sectional survey
…adolescents are highlighted in a cross-sectional survey in Zimbabwe from Victoria Simms and colleagues. Why was this study done?: What did the researchers do and find?: What do these findings mean?:
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The Prevalence of Blinding Trachoma in Northern States of Sudan
Background: Despite historical evidence of blinding trachoma, there have been no widespread contemporary surveys of trachoma prevalence in the northern states of Sudan. We aimed to conduct district-level surveys in this vast region in order to map the extent of the problem and estimate the need for…