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Alectinib in Resected ALK -Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Background Platinum-based chemotherapy is the recommended adjuvant treatment for patients with resectable, ALK -positive non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data on the efficacy and safety of adjuvant alectinib as compared with chemotherapy in patients with resected ALK -positive NSCLC are lacking…
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Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment
On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total…
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Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC…
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NextDenovo: an efficient error correction and accurate assembly tool for noisy long reads
Long-read sequencing data, particularly those derived from the Oxford Nanopore sequencing platform, tend to exhibit high error rates. Here, we present NextDenovo, an efficient error correction and assembly tool for noisy long reads, which achieves a high level of accuracy in genome assembly. We…
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The roles and regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β and BMP signaling in bone and cartilage development, homeostasis and disease
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) and bone morphometric proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily and perform essential functions during osteoblast and chondrocyte lineage commitment and differentiation, skeletal development, and homeostasis. TGF-βs and BMPs transduce signals through…
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ChatGPT is bullshit
Abstract Recently, there has been considerable interest in large language models: machine learning systems which produce human-like text and dialogue. Applications of these systems have been plagued by persistent inaccuracies in their output; these are often called “AI hallucinations”. We argue…
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UNCOVER Spectroscopy Confirms the Surprising Ubiquity of Active Galactic Nuclei in Red Sources at z > 5
Abstract The James Webb Space Telescope is revealing a new population of dust-reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) at redshifts z ≳ 5. Here we present deep NIRSpec/Prism spectroscopy from the Cycle 1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of…
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Maddison‐style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update
Abstract This paper surveys the literature on historical national accounting, discusses the importance of relative income benchmarks for, in particular, historical income estimates, and presents an update of long run global economic development with a new version of the Maddison Project Database…
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Drug repurposing for cancer therapy
Cancer, a complex and multifactorial disease, presents a significant challenge to global health. Despite significant advances in surgical, radiotherapeutic and immunological approaches, which have improved cancer treatment outcomes, drug therapy continues to serve as a key therapeutic strategy…
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Reporting guidelines for qualitative research: a values-based approach
Evaluative tools for qualitative research need to be developed and designed in a way that allows them to be used by the research community to assess qualitative research on its own terms, and thus strengthen, rather than undermine, research quality. The diversity of qualitative research practice…
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High-concentration silver alloying and steep back-contact gallium grading enabling copper indium gallium selenide solar cell with 23.6% efficiency
Abstract Chalcopyrite-based solar cells have reached an efficiency of 23.35%, yet further improvements have been challenging. Here we present a 23.64% certified efficiency for a (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cell, achieved through the implementation of a series of strategies. We introduce a relatively…
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Direct observation of altermagnetic band splitting in CrSb thin films
Altermagnetism represents an emergent collinear magnetic phase with compensated order and an unconventional alternating even-parity wave spin order in the non-relativistic band structure. We investigate directly this unconventional band splitting near the Fermi energy through spin-integrated soft…
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Fe–Ni-based alloys as highly active and low-cost oxygen evolution reaction catalyst in alkaline media
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Age of Flexible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Soft Multifunctional Sensors
With the commercialization of first-generation flexible mobiles and displays in the late 2010s, humanity has stepped into the age of flexible electronics. Inevitably, soft multifunctional sensors, as essential components of next-generation flexible electronics, have attracted tremendous research…
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Alcohol-associated liver disease
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and comprises a spectrum of several different disorders, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and superimposed hepatocellular carcinoma. Although tremendous progress has been made in the…
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Consensus Statement on Vitamin D Status Assessment and Supplementation: Whys, Whens, and Hows
The 6th International Conference, "Controversies in Vitamin D," was convened to discuss controversial topics, such as vitamin D metabolism, assessment, actions, and supplementation. Novel insights into vitamin D mechanisms of action suggest links with conditions that do not depend only on reduced…
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Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes
SUMMARY Given the importance of gut microbial homeostasis in maintaining health, there has been considerable interest in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for restoring gut microbiota. One such approach, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), is the main “whole gut microbiome…
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Addendum: Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3
In our original article, we provided an extensive description in the Supplementary Information of pseudocode underlying the functioning of our AlphaFold3 model, which allows prediction of the structure of complexes including proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, ions and modified residues…
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