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Comparative genomics reveals the dynamics of chromosome evolution in Lepidoptera
Chromosomes are a central unit of genome organization. One-tenth of all described species on Earth are butterflies and moths, the Lepidoptera, which generally possess 31 chromosomes. However, some species display dramatic variation in chromosome number. Here we analyse 210 chromosomally complete…
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Global Regulatory Frameworks for the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Healthcare Services Sector
The healthcare sector is faced with challenges due to a shrinking healthcare workforce and a rise in chronic diseases that are worsening with demographic and epidemiological shifts. Digital health interventions that include artificial intelligence (AI) are being identified as some of the potential…
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2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation
In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or…
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MambaHSI: Spatial–Spectral Mamba for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Transformer has been extensively explored for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, transformer poses challenges in terms of speed and memory usage because of its quadratic computational complexity. Recently, the Mamba model has emerged as a promising approach, which has strong…
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The strain on scientific publishing
Abstract Scientists are increasingly overwhelmed by the volume of articles being published. The total number of articles indexed in Scopus and Web of Science has grown exponentially in recent years; in 2022 the article total was ∼47% higher than in 2016, which has outpaced the limited growth—if…
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Integrated Pest Management: An Update on the Sustainability Approach to Crop Protection
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) emerged as a pest control framework promoting sustainable intensification of agriculture, by adopting a combined strategy to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides while improving crop productivity and ecosystem health. This critical review synthesizes the most…
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Solar-driven membrane separation for direct lithium extraction from artificial salt-lake brine
Abstract The demand for lithium extraction from salt-lake brines is increasing to address the lithium supply shortage. Nanofiltration separation technology with high Mg 2+ /Li + separation efficiency has shown great potential for lithium extraction. However, it usually requires diluting the brine…
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Recent advances in transesterification for sustainable biodiesel production, challenges, and prospects: a comprehensive review
Biodiesel, a renewable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, has garnered significant attention as a potential solution to the growing energy crisis and environmental concerns. The review commences with a thorough examination of feedstock selection and preparation, emphasizing the critical…
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Glymphatic system dysfunction predicts amyloid deposition, neurodegeneration, and clinical progression in Alzheimer's disease
INTRODUCTION: Although glymphatic function is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), its potential for predicting the pathological and clinical progression of AD and its sequential association with core AD biomarkers is poorly understood. METHODS: Whole-brain glymphatic activity was measured by…
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PDF-5+: a comprehensive Powder Diffraction File™ for materials characterization
For more than 80 years, the scientific community has extensively used International Centre for Diffraction Data's (ICDD®) Powder Diffraction File (PDF®) for material characterization, including powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Historically, PDF was made available for two major material types: one…
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WHO publishes updated list of bacterial priority pathogens
On May 17, 2024, WHO published an updated list of drug-resistant bacteria most threatening to human health to inform the development of new treatments and strategies to prevent and mitigate the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial
Background Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with overweight or obesity, but the effects of this drug on outcomes in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure are unknown. We report a…
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Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Applications
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have accumulated significant interest due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and remarkable applications in biomedicine, electronics, and catalysis sensing. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth study of synthetic approaches such as biological…
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Smart Gas Sensors: Recent Developments and Future Prospective
Gas sensor is an indispensable part of modern society with wide applications in environmental monitoring, healthcare, food industry, public safety, etc. With the development of sensor technology, wireless communication, smart monitoring terminal, cloud storage/computing technology, and artificial…
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Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier: advancements, challenges, and its role in a sustainable energy future
Abstract This comprehensive review examines hydrogen’s potential as a pivotal clean energy carrier, focusing on its role in replacing fossil fuels across various industries. This study also examines recent advancements in hydrogen production technologies, including electrolysis, steam methane…
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Nutrient-induced acidification modulates soil biodiversity-function relationships
Nutrient enrichment is a major global change component that often disrupts the relationship between aboveground biodiversity and ecosystem functions by promoting species dominance, altering trophic interactions, and reducing ecosystem stability. Emerging evidence indicates that nutrient enrichment…
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Ferroptosis: principles and significance in health and disease
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, is governed by molecular networks involving diverse molecules and organelles. Since its recognition as a non-apoptotic cell death pathway in 2012, ferroptosis has emerged as a crucial mechanism in…
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Quantitative phase imaging based on holography: trends and new perspectives
In 1948, Dennis Gabor proposed the concept of holography, providing a pioneering solution to a quantitative description of the optical wavefront. After 75 years of development, holographic imaging has become a powerful tool for optical wavefront measurement and quantitative phase imaging. The…
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Mechanisms of Resistance to Oncogenic KRAS Inhibition in Pancreatic Cancer
KRAS inhibitors demonstrate clinical efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, resistance is common. Among patients with KRASG12C-mutant PDAC treated with adagrasib or sotorasib, mutations in PIK3CA and KRAS, and amplifications of KRASG12C, MYC, MET, EGFR, and CDK6 emerged at…
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