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Tarlatamab in Small-Cell Lung Cancer after Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
BACKGROUND: Tarlatamab, a bispecific delta-like ligand 3-directed T-cell engager immunotherapy, received accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with previously treated small-cell lung cancer. Whether tarlatamab is more effective than chemotherapy in the treatment of patients whose…
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Glioblastoma at the crossroads: current understanding and future therapeutic horizons
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor in adults and poses significant challenges to patient survival. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the molecular and genetic landscape of GBM, focusing on key oncogenic drivers, such as epidermal growth factor…
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Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs): current and future biopharmaceuticals
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a novel class of biopharmaceuticals comprising monoclonal antibodies covalently conjugated to cytotoxic agents via engineered chemical linkers. This combination enables targeted delivery of cytotoxic agents to tumor site through recognizing target antigens…
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The global human impact on biodiversity
Abstract Human activities drive a wide range of environmental pressures, including habitat change, pollution and climate change, resulting in unprecedented effects on biodiversity 1,2 . However, despite decades of research, generalizations on the dimensions and extent of human impacts on…
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Artificial intelligence in healthcare and medicine: clinical applications, therapeutic advances, and future perspectives
Healthcare systems worldwide face growing challenges, including rising costs, workforce shortages, and disparities in access and quality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool capable of addressing these issues by…
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Critically assessing sodium-ion technology roadmaps and scenarios for techno-economic competitiveness against lithium-ion batteries
Sodium-ion batteries are considered a promising substitute for Li-ion, but the timeline and conditions for achieving cost-competitiveness remain uncertain. This study evaluates their techno-economic potential, showing that while challenging, they could compete with low-cost Li-ion batteries by the…
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Pesticides have negative effects on non-target organisms
Pesticides affect a diverse range of non-target species and may be linked to global biodiversity loss. The magnitude of this hazard remains only partially understood. We present a synthesis of pesticide (insecticide, herbicide and fungicide) impacts on multiple non-target organisms across trophic…
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SPIRIT 2025 statement: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials
IMPORTANCE: The protocol of a randomised trial is the foundation for study planning, conduct, reporting, and external review. However, trial protocols vary in their completeness and often do not address key elements of design and conduct. The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for…
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CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trials
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The EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy, sustainable, and just food systems
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Deep learning and computer vision in plant disease detection: a comprehensive review of techniques, models, and trends in precision agriculture
Abstract Plant diseases cause significant damage to agriculture, leading to substantial yield losses and posing a major threat to food security. Detection, identification, quantification, and diagnosis of plant diseases are crucial parts of precision agriculture and crop protection. Modernizing…
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Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990–2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
BACKGROUND: Despite the well documented consequences of obesity during childhood and adolescence and future risks of excess body mass on non-communicable diseases in adulthood, coordinated global action on excess body mass in early life is still insufficient. Inconsistent measurement and reporting…
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Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiologic stages
During the twentieth century, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was considered a disease of early industrialized regions in North America, Europe and Oceania1. At the turn of the twenty-first century, IBD incidence increased in newly industrialized and emerging regions in Africa, Asia and Latin…
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NF-κB in inflammation and cancer
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factors that transactivates genes associated with a wide range of biological processes, including immune responses, inflammation, cell growth and survival. Dysregulated NF-κB activation contributes to acute and chronic inflammatory disorders…
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Lactate and lactylation in cancer
Accumulated evidence has implicated the diverse and substantial influence of lactate on cellular differentiation and fate regulation in physiological and pathological settings, particularly in intricate conditions such as cancer. Specifically, lactate has been demonstrated to be pivotal in molding…
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Parsimoniously Fitting Large Multivariate Random Effects in glmmTMB
Multivariate random effects with unstructured variance-covariance matrices of large dimensions, q, can be a major challenge to estimate. In this paper, we introduce a new implementation of a reduced-rank approach to fit large dimensional multivariate random effects by writing them as a linear…
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Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM
Candida species are the predominant cause of fungal infections in patients treated in hospital, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. Candidaemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis primarily affect patients who are immunocompromised or critically ill. In contrast…
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PLIP 2025: introducing protein–protein interactions to the protein–ligand interaction profiler
PLIP, the protein-ligand interaction profiler, analyses molecular interactions in protein structures. PLIP detects eight types of non-covalent interactions. Initially focused on small-molecule, DNA, and RNA interactions to a protein, the current release incorporates protein-protein interactions. We…
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