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Ancient East Asian dog lineage is revealed by genome of ancient Korean dogs
Dogs form a monophyletic clade comprising three major sublineages: Eastern Eurasian, Western Eurasian, and sled dog lineages. While ancient genomic studies have clarified relationships within the latter two, the internal structure of the Eastern Eurasian lineage remains unclear. The dingo and New…
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Echo chambers can emerge without algorithmic personalization or a preference for homogeneity
Online ideological segregation—often described as “echo chambers”—is commonly attributed to algorithmic personalization (“filter bubbles”) or users’ preferences for like-minded environments. We propose a different mechanism. Using a minimal agent-based model, we show that strong segregation can…
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Distinct psychological profiles and responsiveness to a brief intervention in workers with high versus low intensity emotional labor: an observational study
Emotional labor refers to the process by which employees regulate and manage their emotions as part of their job requirements. This observational study examined distinct psychological profiles and differential responsiveness to a brief 35-minute mind-body training (MBT) among 753 emotional labor…
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Race, nationality, and partisanship shape U.S. public support for climate disaster aid: Evidence from two survey experiments
We examine how race, nationality, and political partisanship influence U.S. public support for climate-related disaster aid. Using two preregistered survey experiments (N = 7,511), we varied the race (Black/White) and nationality (U.S./Brazil or South Africa) of flood victims depicted in an…
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Microbial and small zooplankton communities predict density of baleen whales in the southern California Current Ecosystem
Understanding the distribution and abundance of marine mammals is important for assessing population dynamics and evaluating the impacts of human activities on these species. Here, we assessed the capability of microbial and small plankton communities to predict the density of Balaenopteridae…
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Editorial Note: Viral Communities Associated with Human Pericardial Fluids in Idiopathic Pericarditis
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Urbanization change in a mega-event preparation context: A multidimensional assessment of Zhangjiakou, a medium-sized co-host city of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
Urbanization is a key pathway for regional transformation and an important lens for assessing the legacy of mega sporting events. Focusing on Zhangjiakou City, co-host city of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, this study constructs a multidimensional urbanization index covering population, economy…
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Tissue-specific transfer learning improves functional variant and therapeutic target discoveries in breast and prostate cancer
DNA foundation models trained on large-scale genomic and epigenetic datasets have shown promise for regulatory variant interpretation, yet their application to tissue-specific contexts remain limited. Here, we present a transfer learning (TL) framework to adapt Enformer, a deep neural network…
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Partial domain adaptation enables cross domain cell type annotation between scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq
Accurate cell type annotation across datasets is a key challenge in single-cell analysis. snRNA-seq enables profiling of frozen or difficult-to-dissociate tissues, complementing scRNA-seq by capturing fragile or rare cell types. However, cross-annotation between these two datasets remains largely…
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Epidemiological study of leptospiral interaction in bovine farms in rural areas of Colombia: A One Health approach
Background: Leptospira are zoonotic agents with a complex transmission cycle that affects low-income and impoverished populations and causes significant economic losses in livestock. Objective: To evaluate the interaction between people, animals, and the environment related to Leptospira infection…
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Exploring epidemic control policies using nonlinear programming and mathematical models
Optimal control theory in epidemiology has been used to establish the most effective intervention strategies for managing and mitigating the spread of infectious diseases while considering constraints and costs. Using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle, indirect methods provide necessary optimality…
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scHG: A supercell framework with high-order graph learning enables scalable multi-omics analysis
Multi-omics profiling—spanning proteomics, transcriptomics, and additional omics data types—is rapidly advancing, providing increasingly detailed maps of cellular identity and function. Yet, identifying rare cell populations while maintaining computational tractability remains a major challenge in…
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Globodera pallida virulence on major potato resistance has a common genetic basis across Western Europe
The potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida poses a major threat to potato production in Western Europe. Current management strategies largely depend on the use of potato varieties carrying the genetic resistance GpaVvrn. However, reports from multiple West-European countries indicate a steady rise…
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Pathways of emergency care for severely ill children in Nigerian and Ugandan hospitals: A process mapping study
Background: Child mortality remains high in countries with weak emergency care systems. Facility organisation for paediatric emergency care is heterogeneous and under-described. We examined how hospitals in Uganda and Nigeria are organised to deliver emergency care for neonates and children…
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Point-of-care early infant HIV diagnosis at birth in a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in Mozambique and Tanzania: A comparative cost and cost-effectiveness study
Background: Timely access to early infant diagnosis (EID) is crucial for newborns with HIV, as late diagnosis can delay lifesaving antiretroviral treatment (ART). We assessed the comparative cost and cost-effectiveness of integrating point-of-care EID at birth into routine care in primary…
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Node properties of biomarkers within the protein–protein interaction network derived from breast cancer-associated genes
Analyzing the network properties of cancer biomarkers within protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks is valuable for discovering novel biomarker candidates. Therefore, we constructed PPI networks using breast cancer (BC)-associated gene sets and performed 12 distinct centrality analyses to…
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Prevalence and determinants of parental refusal of human papillomavirus vaccination in Morocco: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Introduction: Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) is an effective way to avert cervical cancer. However, acceptance in Morocco remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of parental HPV vaccine refusal and the risk factors associated with it. Methods…
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Sex differences in global burden of Congenital Heart Anomalies in children under five from 1990 to 2021
Background: Congenital heart anomalies (CHA) significantly contribute to childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding sex-specific differences and their association with societal development levels is crucial for formulating effective health strategies. Methods: We extracted…
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The experiences of female community health workers during COVID-19 and the influence of gender norms and values in Nepal: A qualitative study
Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) are close-to-community providers who voluntarily serve their communities in Nepal. Gaps exist in evidence regarding the challenges posed by shocks such as the pandemic, as well as the gendered experiences of FCHVs in the general context. This study aimed…
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