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Repeatability of automated body composition measurement on low dose chest CT in male subjects
Background: The objective was to determine the most repeatable of three automated body composition methods applied to baseline and short-term follow-up chest CT scans. Methods: Areas of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were analyzed in a 1 mm slice close to the aortic arch in a…
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Ultra-high dose rate electron FLASH beam irradiation using a modified clinical linear accelerator
FLASH radiation therapy reduced radiation-induced damage to normal tissue, compared to conventional radiation therapy, and active studies have been undertaken worldwide. While a number of preclinical studies have revealed the effectiveness of this novel radiotherapy, the biological effects have not…
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Numerical simulation of heat transfer and fluid characteristics in micro-channels with obliquely arranged capsule-shaped ribs and optimization study of structural parameters
To enhance the cooling performance of high-power laser diodes, this paper proposes a novel micro-channel design that incorporates oblique capsule-shaped ribs. By integrating computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations with a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II optimized through Gaussian…
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Utilization of the posterior iliac line for visualizing posterior column screws in obturator oblique view
Purpose: To evaluate whether posterior column screws penetrate the posterior cortical surface of the acetabulum when assessed using obturator oblique radiographic imaging. Methods: Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on the right acetabulum of 50 healthy adults to measure the angle (α)…
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Soluble ST2 as a biomarker for predicting severe adverse events among pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Aim: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a leading cause of pneumonia in children. Early identification of patients at high risk is critical for improving outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association of soluble ST2 (sST2) with in-hospital adverse events in pediatric MP pneumonia (MPP). Methods…
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Sucralose inhibited cell survival through the activation of ER stress in human endothelial progenitor cells
Sucralose, a widely utilized non-caloric sweetener, is frequently added to food and beverage products as a sugar substitute aimed at lowering energy consumption and reducing obesity-related health risks. However, epidemiological studies have indicated a possible association between high intake of…
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Unguided web-based brief intervention with genetic risk education to reduce unhealthy alcohol consumption in Japan: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Alcohol consumption is a major global contributor to morbidity and mortality and is a well-established risk factor for multiple cancers. Acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite of ethanol, is a causal factor in alcohol-related esophageal cancer. A substantial proportion of the Japanese…
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Diagnostic testing intensity for Legionnaires’ disease: Spatio-temporal assessment and its effect on surveillance case reporting, Denmark, 2014–2022
Background: The global, national and subnational geographical and temporal distribution of reported Legionnaires’ disease is extremely heterogeneous, and it is unknown to what extent this accurately reflects the variation in true disease incidence. We studied how diagnostic testing intensity varied…
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Atomic representation and algorithms for polytomous knowledge spaces
Classical knowledge space theory provides a rigorous framework for cognitive diagnosis, but its dichotomous response model fails to capture the graded nature of knowledge. While recent research has extended KST to polytomous responses through reductionist approaches, their practical adoption is…
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Hypergraph-based decay analysis for predicting and classifying states beyond regge trajectories
Regge trajectories provide a simple geometric picture of hadron spectra, but particles at higher-spin and missing states often scatter from linear fits, raising questions about both experimental completeness and theoretical limits of the model. Here, we develop a unified data framework that…
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PLOS Digital Health Issue Image | Vol. 5(3) April 2026
Variability in guttae distribution in specular microscopy acquisitions, illustrating the method: Images (a) to (d) show the four acquisitions with respective AI-based segmentation and computed EECD values of (a) 1100 cells/mm2, (b) 1426 cells/mm2, (c) 1337 cells/mm2, and (d) 1296 cells/mm2…
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PLoS Genetics Issue Image | Vol. 22(3) April 2026
: Facial view of a snowy bumble bee (Bombus niveatus) gynandromorph, showing a bilateral split by sex and coloration. Dabak et al. 2026
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Circadian clock gates diurnal glucose utilization
The circadian clock and cellular metabolism are tightly coupled to maintain homeostasis. A new study in PLOS Biology leverages metabolic tracing to reveal time-of-day-dependent activities of glucose metabolic pathways in Drosophila that are disrupted in clock and sleep mutants. The circadian clock…
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Correction: Geochemical signatures in plastic debris from the Curonian Lagoon, Lithuania
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Whole-genome sequencing reveals a possible molecular basis of sex determination in the dioecious wild yam Dioscorea tokoro
Dioecious plants, which have distinct male and female individuals, constitute ~5% of angiosperm species and have emerged frequently and independently from hermaphroditic ancestors. Although recent molecular studies of sex determination have started to reveal the diversity of the genetic systems…
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A standardized workflow for kinetic metabolic model curation and dissemination
Kinetic metabolic models provide invaluable insights into cellular metabolism, supporting applications in synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and systems biology. However, reproducibility and utility of these models hinge on clear and rigorous documentation, standardized annotation, and…
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Combining pangenomics and population genetics finds chromosomal re-arrangements, diversified chromosome segments, copy number variations and transposon polymorphisms in wheat and rye powdery mildew
Grass powdery mildews (Blumeria spp.) include economically important fungal crop pathogens with complex and highly repetitive genomes. To investigate the diversity and genome evolution in Blumeria graminis, we combined population genetic and pangenomic analyses using a worldwide sample of 399 wheat…
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Health and economic burden of canine rabies in Chilga district, centeral Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Rabies is a deadly neglected tropical disease caused by a Lyssavirus that affects all warm-blooded animals, including humans. While canine rabies is prevalent in Ethiopia, its public health and economic burden is not well understood due to a lack of reliable surveillance data. This study aimed to…
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Surveillance and control efficacy of the Bergerac, France, 2025 chikungunya outbreak
The spread of the highly invasive mosquito, Aedes albopictus, across Europe, combined with climate change and human travel and trade, has led to new epidemic threats from mosquito-borne viruses, most significantly dengue and chikungunya, which are increasing in frequency and magnitude. In 2025…
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Outdoor roaming of owned cats elevates risk of zoonotic pathogen exposure: A global synthesis
Domestic animals play a central role in pathogen transmission at the human–wildlife interface. Domestic cats, in particular, are uniquely consequential in disease spillover dynamics due to their global distribution, large, human-subsidized free-roaming populations, and high contact rate with…
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