32 hasil untuk "Tim Newbold"
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Artikel Jurnal
Large Regional Variation in Global Impacts of Agriculture on Terrestrial Insects and Other Arthropods
ABSTRACT Many insects and other arthropods are reported to be in rapid decline worldwide, mainly driven by changes in land use and climate. At the same time, arthropods provide many important services that benefit agriculture, and thus their losses may pose risks to food security. Although…
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Artikel Jurnal
Large language models help facilitate the automated synthesis of information on potential pest controllers
Abstract The body of ecological literature, which informs much of our knowledge of the global loss of biodiversity, has been experiencing rapid growth in recent decades. The increasing difficulty of synthesising this literature manually has simultaneously resulted in a growing demand for automated…
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Artikel Jurnal
Impacts of the global food system on terrestrial biodiversity from land use and climate change
Abstract The global food system is a key driver of land-use and climate change which in turn drive biodiversity change. Developing sustainable food systems is therefore critical to reversing biodiversity loss. We use the multi-regional input-output model EXIOBASE to estimate the biodiversity…
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Artikel Jurnal
Important Crop Pollinators Respond Less Negatively to Anthropogenic Land Use Than Other Animals
ABSTRACT Animal‐mediated pollination is a key ecosystem service required to some extent by almost three‐quarters of the leading human food crops in global food production. Anthropogenic pressures such as habitat loss and land‐use intensification are causing shifts in ecological community…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Mapping Functional Traits: Comparing Abundance and Presence-Absence Estimates at Large Spatial Scales
Efforts to quantify the composition of biological communities increasingly focus on functional traits. The composition of communities in terms of traits can be summarized in several ways. Ecologists are beginning to map the geographic distribution of trait-based metrics from various sources of…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Arthropod biodiversity loss from nitrogen deposition is buffered by natural and semi-natural habitats
Nitrogen (N) deposition is known to strongly modify biogeochemical cycles and trophic interactions, in turn altering ecosystem functioning and plant diversity around the globe. However, our understanding of N deposition effects on arthropod diversity remains limited. Here, we investigate how N…
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Artikel Jurnal
PREDICTS: Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity in Changing Terrestrial Systems
The PREDICTS project (www.predicts.org.uk) is a three-year NERC-funded project to model and predict at a global scale how local terrestrial diversity responds to human pressures such as land use, land cover, pollution, invasive species and infrastructure. PREDICTS is a collaboration between…
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Artikel Jurnal
Annual changes in the Biodiversity Intactness Index in tropical and subtropical forest biomes, 2001–2012
Abstract Few biodiversity indicators are available that reflect the state of broad-sense biodiversity—rather than of particular taxa—at fine spatial and temporal resolution. One such indicator, the Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII), estimates how the average abundance of the native terrestrial…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Emergent Global Patterns of Ecosystem Structure and Function from a Mechanistic General Ecosystem Model
: This paper presents the first mathematical model that attempts to represent the biology and behavior of all individual organisms globally, taking us a step closer to holistic ecological and conservation science founded on mechanistic predictions. Anthropogenic activities are causing widespread…
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Artikel Jurnal
Effects of land use on zoonotic host communities: a global correlative analysis
Background: Environmental trade-offs associated with land use—for example, between food security and biodiversity conservation—are crucial dimensions of planetary health. Land use-driven biodiversity change might predictably affect disease risk if reservoir host species are consistently more likely…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Global effects of land-use intensity on local pollinator biodiversity
Pollinating species are in decline globally, with land use an important driver. However, most of the evidence on which these claims are made is patchy, based on studies with low taxonomic and geographic representativeness. Here, we model the effect of land-use type and intensity on global…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Widespread winners and narrow-ranged losers: Land use homogenizes biodiversity in local assemblages worldwide
Human use of the land (for agriculture and settlements) has a substantial negative effect on biodiversity globally. However, not all species are adversely affected by land use, and indeed, some benefit from the creation of novel habitat. Geographically rare species may be more negatively affected…